NR 547 Differential Dx Midterm Questions And Answers Verified And Updated.

NR 547 Differential Dx Midterm Questions And Answers Verified And Updated. Differential jDx j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Diagnostic jreasoning jis jthe jprocess jof jquestioning jone's jthinking jto jdetermine jif jall jpossible javenues jhave jbeen jexplored jand jif jthe jconclusions jthat jare jdrawn jare jbased jon jevidence. jThis jis ja jcritical jstep jfor jproviders jwho jare jtrying jto juncover ja jcause, jor jdiagnosis, jfor jtheir jclients' jsigns jand jsymptoms. jThe jprovider's jinitial jhypothesis jis jknown jas jthe jdifferential jdiagnosis. jThe jdifferential jdiagnosis, jor jdifferential, jis ja jworking jlist jof jpotential jproblems jthat jcan jbe jassociated jwith jthe jinitial jor jchief jcomplaint. jEstablishing ja jdifferential jdiagnosis jis ja jcritical jstep jin jproviding jsafe, jquality jcare. jThis jevolving jprocess jof jclinical jreasoning jand jdecision jmaking jinvolves jexamining jthe jclient's jpresentation, jclinical jdata, jand jwhen jappropriate, jscreening jand jdiagnostic jtest jresults jto jdistinguish jone jdisease jfrom janother jand jarrive jat jthe jcorrect jdiagnosis. jThe jDiagnostic jand jStatistical jManual jof jMental jDisorders j(DSM-5-TR)provides jguidance jfor jidentifying jpsychiatric jdiagnosest History jof jPresent jIllness j- j j j jcorrect janswer.How jlong jhave jyou jbeen jfeeling jthis jway? Did jsomething jhappen jin jyour jlife jthat jmay jhave jtriggered jthese jemotions? How jis jthis jcurrent jsituation jimpacting jyour jlife? The jPsychiatric jHistory j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Have jyou jever jbeen jhospitalized jfor jany jmental jhealth jissues? Have jyou jever jhad jcounseling jor jpsychotherapy? Have jyou jever jtaken jmedications jfor jyour jmental jhealth jin jthe jpast? Are jyou jcurrently jon jany jmedications jfor jmental jhealth jor jsleep? Medical jHistory/Screening jfor jGeneral jMedical jConditions j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Do jyou jhave ja jprimary jcare jprovider? Do jyou jhave jany jmedical jillnesses? Are jyou jcurrently jtaking jany jmedications jor jherbal jsupplements? Do jyou jhave jany jallergies jto jmedications? Have jyou jever jbeen jhospitalized jfor jany jreason? Have jyou jever jhad jsurgery? Family jPsychiatric jHistory j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Has jany jrelative jof jyours jever jbeen jhospitalized jfor ja jmental jhealth jissue? Has jany jblood jrelative jof jyours jever jbeen jdiagnosed jwith ja jmental jhealth jissue? Has jany jblood jrelative jof jyours jhad ja jhistory jof jseizures jor jdementia/Alzheimer's? Social jand jDevelopmental jHistory j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Tell jme ja jlittle jbit jabout jyour jchildhood jand jhow jyou jgrew jup. How jwas jyour jexperience jin jschool jwhen jyou jwere jyounger? jDid jyou jenjoy jschool? How jdo jyou jsupport jyourself jwith jyour jfinances? Do jyou jhave ja jgood jsupport jsystem? jAre jyou jcurrently jin ja jrelationship? jWhere jdo jyou jlive? jWho jdo jyou jlive jwith? What jdo jyou jdo jin jyour jfree jtime? jWhat jactivities jdo jyou jenjoy? Which jof jthe jfollowing jshould jbe jincluded jwhen jproviding jclient jeducation jabout jmedication jregimens? jSelect jall jthat japply. j- j j j jcorrect janswer.A)Explain jhow jthe jmedication jtargets jthe jsymptoms, jspecific jbenefits, jand jexpected jtime jcourse. j(Correct janswer) B)Identify jpotential jside jeffects, jduration jof jside jeffects, jand jadverse jeffects. j(Correct janswer) C)Explain jthe jinstructions, jdosing, jand jspecial jrequirements. j(Correct janswer) D)Use jteach-back jmethods jto jensure jclient junderstanding. j(Correct janswer) Apply jthe jAsk jSuicide-Screening jQuestions j(ASQ) jSuicide jRisk jScreening jTool j(Links jto jan jexternal jsite.) jto jthe jscenario jbelow. A j52-year-old jclient jpresents jto jthe jemergency jdepartment jfollowing ja jcar jaccident. jThe jemergency jdepartment j(ED) jphysician jis jconcerned jthat jthe jclient jmay jhave jintentionally jcrashed jher jcar jand jrequests ja jstat jPMHNP jconsult. jIn jspeaking jwith jthe jPMHNP, jthe jclient jdescribes jpersistent jfeelings jof jsadness jand jhopelessness. jShe jstates jthat jshe joften jwonders jif jher jhusband jwould jbe jhappier jif jshe jwasn't jaround janymore jsince jshe's jnever jhappy jand jsometimes jthinks jabout jwhat jit jwould jbe jlike jto jjust jtake ja jhandful jof jsleeping jpills jand jgo jto jsleep jforever. jThe jclient jreports ja jprevious jsuicide jattempt jwhen jshe jwas j16 jbut jdenies jthat jshe jis jconsidering jkilling jherself jright jnow. Based jon jthe jclient's jASQ jscore, jwhat jis jthe jmost jappropriate jresponse? A) jNo jaction jis jnecessary jas jthe jclient jis jnot j- j j j jcorrect janswer.B)Provide ja jbrief jsuicide jsafety jassessment. j Rationale: jWhile jthe jclient's jresponses jdo jnot jindicate ja jneed jfor ja jstat jfull jsafety jand jmental jhealth jevaluation, jthe jclient jrequires ja jbrief jsuicide jsafety jassessment jto jdetermine jwhether ja jfull jmental jhealth jevaluation jin jnecessary. jIt jis jalso jimportant jto jnotify jthe jclient's jphysician jor jthe jclinician jresponsible jfor jthe jclient's jcare. Complete jBlood jCount j- j j j jcorrect janswer.The jCBC jis ja jserum jdiagnostic jtest jthat jmeasures jred jblood jcells, jwhite jblood jcells, jhemoglobin, jhematocrit, jand jplatelets. jThe jCBC jincludes ja jdifferential jof jthe jwhite jblood jcells. jA jCBC jis joften jincluded jas jpart jof jroutine jhealth jscreening jor jto jobtain jinformation jrelated jto jspecific jconditions. jIn jmental jhealth, jthe jCBC jis jused jto jrule jout jmedical jconditions jthat jmay jpresent jwith jsymptoms jthat jcan jbe jattributed jto jboth jmedical jand jpsychiatric jdiagnoses. jFor jexample, jthe jCBC jcan jhelp jrule jout janemia jas ja jcause jfor jdepressive jsymptoms jand jfatigue jor jrule jout jinfection jas ja jcause jof jacute jmental jstatus jchanges. jThe jCBC jis jalso jused jto jmonitor jcertain jtreatment jregimens. jFor jexample, jsome jmedications, jsuch jas jclozapine, jrequire jroutine janalysis jof jabsolute jneutrophil jcount jand jplatelet jlevels. Normal jRange jof: j Red jblood jcells Hemoglobin Hematocrit Reticulocytes j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Red jblood jcells: j4.5-6.0 jmillion/microliter Hemoglobin: j12-18 jgrams/100 jmL Hematocrit: j38%-48% Reticulocytes: j0%-1.5% Normal jRange jof? j White jblood jcells j(total): j Neutrophils: j Eosinophils: j Basophils: j Lymphocytes: j Monocytes: j Platelets: j- j j j jcorrect janswer.White jblood jcells j(total): j5000-10,000/microliter Neutrophils: j55%-70% Eosinophils: j1%-3% Basophils: j0.5%-1% Lymphocytes: j20%-35% Monocytes: j3%-8% Platelets: j150,000-300,000/microliter Comprehensive jMetabolic jPanel j(CMP) j- j j j jcorrect janswer.The jCMP jis janother jcommon jblood jtest jused jto jdetermine jgeneral jhealth jstatus. jThe jCMP jincludes jseveral jtests jthat jprovide jinformation jabout jfluid jand jelectrolyte jbalance jas jwell jas jthe jstatus jof jthe jbody's jmetabolism, jliver jfunction, jand jkidney jfunction. jIn jpsychiatric jcare, jthe jCMP jmay jbe jused jto jrule jout jmedical jconditions jthat jcould jcause jsymptoms jsuch jas jchanges jin jmood jor jcognition. jThe jCMP jis jalso jused jto jmonitor jthe jeffects jof jmedications, jsuch jas jantipsychotics, jon jliver jfunction jand jglucose jlevels. Normal jCMP jLevels Electrolytes Sodium j(Na+): j Postassium j(K+): j Chloride j(Cl-): j Bicarbonate j(HCO3-): j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Normal jCMP jLevels Electrolytes Sodium j(Na+): j136-145 jmEq/L Postassium j(K+): j3.5-5.0 jmEq/L Chloride j(Cl-): j95-105 jmEq/L Bicarbonate j(HCO3-): j22-28 jmEq/L Normal jCMP jlevels Misc. j Calcium, jserum j(Ca j2+) j Glucose, jserum jFasting: j 2-h jpostprandial: j Cholesterol, jserum: Total jProtein Albumin j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Calcium, jserum j(Ca j2+) j8.4-10.2 jmg/dl Glucose, jserum jFasting: j70-110 jmg/dl; j2-h jpostprandial: j120mg/dl Cholesterol, jserum: jREC200 jmg/dl Total jProtein j6.0-7.8 jg/dl Albumin j3.5-5.5 jg/dl Kidney jTests Creatinine, jserum j Urea jnitrogen, jserum j(BUN) j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Creatinine, jserum j0.6-1.2mg/dl Urea jnitrogen, jserum j(BUN) j7-18mg/dl Liver jTests Alanine jaminotransferase j(ALT), jserum: j Aspartate jaminotransferase j(AST), j Bilirubin, jserum j(adult) jTotal//Direct: j Phosphatase j(alkaline), jserum: j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Liver jTests Alanine jaminotransferase j(ALT), jserum: j8-20 jU/L Aspartate jaminotransferase j(AST), jserum: j8-20 jU/L Bilirubin, jserum j(adult) jTotal//Direct: j0.1-1.0 jmg/dl j// j0.0-0.3 jmg/dl Phosphatase j(alkaline), jserum: j20-70 jU/L Normal jTFT jlevels TSH: j T3: T4: j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Normal jTFT jlevels TSH: j0.4-4.5 jmIU/L T3: j100-200 jng/dL T4: j5-11 jug/dL Vitamin jB12 jLevel j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Providers jmay jchoose jto jcheck jvitamin jB12 jlevels. jDeficiency jof jvitamin jB12 jcan jaffect jmood jand jother jbrain jfunctions. jCommon jpsychiatric jsymptoms jassociated jwith jB12 jdeficiency jinclude jdepression, jmania, jpsychotic jsymptoms, jand jcognitive jimpairment j( A jnormal jvitamin jB12 jlevel jis jbetween j190-950 jpicograms/mL. jBetween j200-300/mL jindicates ja jborderline jlevel jwith ja jpossible jneed jfor jadditional jtesting. Vitamin jD jLevel j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Vitamin jD jaffects jfunctions jsuch jas jneurotransmission, jneuroprotection, jand jneuroimmunomodulation. jStudies jhave jindicated ja jhigh jprevalence jof jvitamin jD jdeficiency jin jclients jwith jpsychiatric jdisorders jsuch jas jschizophrenia, jdepression, jseasonal jaffective jdisorder, jand jcognitive jimpairment j(Cuomo jet jal., j2019). jSymptoms jof jvitamin jD jdeficiency jinclude jdepression, jirritability, janxiety, jpsychosis, jand jpoor jbrain jdevelopment. j A jvitamin jD jlevel jcan jbe jmeasured jvia jthe j25-hydroxy jvitamin jD jblood jtest. jA jnormal jlevel jis jbetween j20-50 jng/mL. jA jlevel jless jthan j12 jng/mL jindicates ja jdeficiency. Toxicology jScreen j- j j j jcorrect janswer.When jdiagnosing jpsychiatric jconditions, jproviders jmay juse jtoxicology jscreenings jto jrule jout jsubstance juse jas ja jcause jfor jsymptoms. jToxicology jscreenings jare jalso jused jbefore jstarting jtherapy jinvolving jcontrolled jsubstances, jto jmonitor jmedication jadherence, jand jin jthe jdiagnosis jof jsubstance juse jdisorder. Urinalysis j(UA) j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Urinary jtract jinfections jare jassociated jwith ja jvariety jof jneuropsychiatric jsymptoms j(Lee jet jal., j2019). jWhen jclients jpresent jwith jacute jmental jstatus jchanges, ja jurinalysis jmay jbe jused jto jrule jout ja jurinary jtract jinfection jas jthe jcause. Toni jis ja j58-year-old jwho jpresents jwith jfatigue. jHer jTSH jis j6.3 jmIU/L. j A) jBegin jTreatment j B) jRefer j- j j j jcorrect janswer.B) jRefer j Rationale: jA jTSH jlevel j4.0 jis jindicative jof jhypothyroidism, jwhich jis jassociated jwith jfatigue. jA jreferral jfor jtreatment jof jhypothyroidism jis jrequired. jClient jcan jbe jreevaluated jfor jfatigue jif jsymptoms jpersist jafter jhypothyroid jtreatment jhas jbeen jinitiated, jTSH jlevels jare jwithin jnormal jlimits. Leo jis ja j49-year-old jwho jpresents jwith jfatigue. jHis jhemoglobin jis j15 jg/dL jand jhematocrit jis j42%. j A) jBegin jTreatment j B) jRefer j- j j j jcorrect janswer.A) jBegin jtreatment. j Rationale: jThe jhemoglobin jand jhematocrit jare jwithin jnormal jlimits. jThis jclient's jcomplaint jof jfatigue jis jnot jdue jto janemia. jBegin jtreatment jbased jon ja jcomplete jevaluation. Terri jis ja j79-year jold jwho jpresents jwith jconfusion. jShe jhas jpositive jurine jleukocyte jesterase. j A) jBegin jtreatment j B) jRefer j- j j j jcorrect janswer.B)Refer j Rationale: jA jpositive jUrine jLeukocyte jEsterase jindicates jthe jpresence jof ja jurinary jtract jinfection j(UTI) j, jwhich jmay jcause jconfusion. jRefer jthis jclient jfor jtreatment jof jthe jUTI. Julio jis ja j66-year-old jwho jpresents jwith jdepression. jHis jvitamin jD jlevel j11 jng/mL. j A) jBegin jTreatment j B) jRefer j- j j j jcorrect janswer.B) jRefer j Rationale: jVitamin jD jdeficiency jis jassociated jwith jdepressive jsymptoms. jThe jPMHNP jmay jrefer jor jtreat jvitamin jD jdeficiency jdepending jon jthe jlevel jof jcomfort jof jthe jprovider. Beth jis ja j24-year-old jwho jpresents jwith janxiety. jHer jT3 jis j260 jng/dL. j A) jBegin jTreatment j B) jRefer j- j j j jcorrect janswer.B) jRefer j Rationale: jClients jwith jhyperthyroidism jhave jelevated jT3 jlevels. jHyperthyroidism jis jassociated jwith janxiety jsymptoms. jClient jcan jbe jreevaluated jfor janxiety jonce jhyperthyroid jtreatment jhas jbeen jinitiated jand jT3 jlevels jare jwithin jnormal jlimits. Fred jis ja j19-year-old jwho jpresents jwith jpsychosis. jHis jvitamin jB12 jlevel jis j900 jpicograms/mL. j A) jBegin jTreatment j B) jRefer j- j j j jcorrect janswer.A) jBegin jtreatment j Rationale: jThe jB12 jlevel jis jwithin jnormal jlimits. jTreatment jfor jsymptoms jof jpsychosis jshould jbe jinitiated. Ted jis ja j64-year-old jwho jpresents jwith jconfusion. jHis jserum jcreatinine jis j7.0 jmg/dL jand jBUN jis j32 A) jBegin jTreatment j B) jRefer j- j j j jcorrect janswer.B) jRefer j Rationale: jElevated jserum jcreatinine jand jBUN jindicate ja jproblem jwith jkidney jfunction, jwhich jcould jcontribute jto jconfusion. Social jDeterminants jof jHealth j(SDOH) j- j j j jcorrect janswer.1: jDiscrimination, jracism, jsocial jexclusion 2: jAdverse jearly jlife jexperiences 3: jPoor jeducation 4: jUnemployment, junderemployment, jjob jinsecurity 5: jPoverty 6: jNeighborhood jdeprivation 7: jFood jinsecurity 8: jPoor jhousing jquality jand jhousing jinstability Holistic jCare: jCulture, jValues, jand jHealth jBeliefs j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Holistic japproaches jto jmental jhealth jcare jconsider jall jaspects jof jthe jindividual, jnot jjust jthe jsymptoms jand jdiagnosis. jA jholistic japproach jnot jonly jaddresses jpsychiatric jand jmedical jconsiderations, jit jrecognizes jthat jsocial, jspiritual, jlifestyle, jand jbehavioral jelements jalso jimpact jmental jhealth. jPsychiatric jsymptoms jmay jbe jsecondary jto jenvironmental jfactors jor jlife jevents. jClients' jculture, jvalues, jand jhealth jbeliefs jmay jaffect jhow jmental jhealth jdiagnoses jare jmanifest jor jdescribed jand jmay jimpact jtreatment jchoices. jHealing jand jrehabilitation jare jmost jlikely jto joccur jwhen jproviders jaddress jclient jneeds jholistically jand jinvolve jclients jin jtreatment jplanning. A jcommonly jused jmethod jis jthe j"SNAPPS" jmethod, jwhich jfollows ja jmnemonic jconsisting jof jsix jsteps. jThis jmethod jis joften jused jfor jclient jpresentations jto jpreceptors. jThe jsix jsteps jinclud j- j j j jcorrect janswer.1.Summarize jthe jhistory jand jfindings 2.Narrow jthe jdifferential jdiagnosis jto jtwo jor jthree jpossibilities 3.Analyze jthe jdifferential jby jcomparing jand jcontrasting jthe jpossibilities 4.Probe jthe jpreceptor jby jasking jquestions jabout jalternative japproaches jor juncertainties 5.Plan jthe jmanagement jof jthe jclient's jhealth jissues 6.Select jan jissue jfrom jthe jcase jfor jself-directed jlearning What jis jthe jmost jcommon jmental jillness jin jthe jUS? jAnd jwhat jpercentage jdoes jit jaffect jadult jand jchildren? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Anxiety jdisorders jare jthe jmost jcommon jmental jillness jin jthe jUnited jStates. jAnxiety jimpacts japproximately j18% jof jthe jadult jpopulation jand j25% jof jchildren jages j13-17 jeach jyear j(Anxiety j& jDepression jAssociation jof jAmerica j[ADAA], jn.d.). jPeople jwho jexperience janxiety jhave ja jhigher jincidence jof jwork jand jschool jabsenteeism jand jhigher juse jof jmedical jresources, jsuch jas jemergency jdepartment jand jprovider jvisits jthan jthe jgeneral jpopulation First jline jof jTx jfor jGeneralized janxiety jdisorder? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.SSRIs SNRIs Buspirone Drug jTherapy jat jleast j12 jmonths First jline jof jTx jfor jPanic jDisorder? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Paroxetine Sertraline Fluoxetine Drug jtherapy j6-9 jmonths First jline jof jTx jfor jObsessive jcompulsive jdisorder j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Fluoxetine Fluvoxamine Sertraline Paroxetine Clomipramine j(TCA) Drug jtherapy jfor jat jleast j1 jyear First jline jof jTx jfor jSocial janxiety jdisorder j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Sertraline Paroxetine Drug jtherapy jtakes j4 jweeks jto jsee jeffects First jline jof jTx jfor jPost-traumatic jstress jdisorder j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Paroxetine Sertraline Hamilton jRating jScale jHAM-A jscoring j Mild, jmoderate, jsevere j- j j j jcorrect janswer.0 j(not jpresent) j 4 j(severe) j Total jscore jranges jfrom j0-56 j 17: jindicated jmild jseverity j 18-24: jmild jto jmoderate jseverity j 25-30 jmoderate jto jsevere What j14 jquestions jare jon jHAM-A? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.1) jAnxious jmood j 2) jTension 3) jFears j 4) jInsomnia j 5) jIntellectual j 6) jDepressed jmood j 7) jsomatic j(muscular) j 8) jSomatic j(sensory) j 9) jcardiovascular jsymptoms 10) jRespiratory jsymptoms j 11) jgastrointestinal jsymptoms j 12) jGenitourinary jsymptoms j 13) jAutonomic jsymptoms j 14) jBehavior jat jinterview Anxiety jis jusually jcomorbid jwith? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Depression, jCOPD, jasthma, jand jdiabetes Pt's jwith jGAD jshow jpersistent, juncontrollable jworrying jthat jcauses jemotional jdistress jand jshow jsymptoms jon jmost jdays jfor ja jperiod jof jhow jlong? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.6 jmonths Pt's jwith janxiety joften jshow jincrease jactivity jin jwhere? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Amygdala jand jprefrontal jcortex Positron jemission jtomography j(PET) jscans jshow jreduced jwhat jin jpt's jwith janxiety? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Reduced jserotonin jbinding What jare jrisk jfactors jfor jdeveloping janxiety? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.1) jfamily jHx j 2) jbeing jfemale 3) jrecent jlife jstressors j 4) jchronic jphysical jillness j 5) jlack jof jsupport jduring jchildhood Increased jbrain jactivity jin jprefrontal jcortex jis ja jsign jof? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Anxiety According jto jNIMH japproximately j___% jof jUS jadults jwill jexperience jGAD jin jthe jpast jyear jand japproximately j____% jof jthe jUS jadults jwill jexperience jGAD jat jsome jpoint jin jtheir jlifetime j- j j j jcorrect janswer.3, j6 GAD jis jtwice jas jcommon jin j___________ jthan jin j__________ j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Women, jmen How jis jGAD jcharacterized jby? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Persistent, juncontrollable jworry jabout jordinary jeveryday jsituations Functional jneuroimaging jstudies jof jGAD jshow? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Functional jneuroimaging jstudies jof jGAD jshow jincreased jactivation jof jthe jamygdala jand jreduced jactivation jin jthe jprefrontal jcortex, jindicating jheightened jactivation jof jthe jfear jresponse jwith jdiminished jcapacity jfor jreasoning GAD joften jpresents jwith jphysical jsymptoms, jincluding: j- j j j jcorrect essness jor jedginess fatigue difficulty jconcentrating irritability muscle jtension sleep jdisturbance Thyroid jFunction jTests j- j j j jcorrect janswer.In jpsychiatric jdiagnosing, jTFTs jare jused jto jrule jout jthyroid jdisorders jas ja jcause jfor jsymptoms. jCommon jsymptoms jrelated jto jthyroid jdisorders jinclude janxiety, jrestlessness, jdepression, jmood jswings, jsleeping jdifficulties, jdifficulties jwith jconcentration, jshort-term jmemory jlapses, jand jlack jof jmental jalertness. Social jAnxiety jDisorder j- j j j jcorrect janswer.While jit jis jcommon jto jfeel jnervous jin jsome jsocial jsituations, jsocial janxiety jdisorder j(also jcalled jsocial jphobia) jis ja jcondition jin jwhich jtypical, jeveryday jsocial jinteractions jcause jsignificant janxiety, jself-consciousness, jfear jof jembarrassment, jor ja jfeeling jof jbeing jjudged jnegatively jby jothers. DSM-5 jdefines jSAD j- j j j jcorrect jan jindividual's jfear jof jacting jin ja jway jthat jmight jcause jjudgment jby jothers j Anxiety jleads jto javoidance jof jsocial jsituations jwhich jdisrupts jan jindividual's jrelationships jand jdaily jroutines. jThe janxiety jis jpersistent, jlasting jgreater jthan jsix jmonths. j What janxiety jcan jbecome jso jsevere jthat jderealization, jor ja jfeeling jof j"spacing jout"? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.SAD What jmay jindividuals jwith jSAD jresort jto? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Drugs jor jalcohol jto jreduce jsocial jinhibitions In jthe jpast jyear jSAD jhas jimpacted japproximately j____% jof jadults jand j_____% jof jadolescents j- j j j jcorrect janswer.7, j9 Risk jFactors jfor jSAD j- j j j jcorrect janswer.HX jof jabuse jor jNeglect j Close jrelative jwith jSAD SAD jcauses jdistress jin jwhat jkind jof jsocial jsituations? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Making jsmall jtalk jwith jother j Meeting jnew jpeople j Performing jin jfront jof jother j(called jperformance janxiety) Greta jwho jis jclingy jto jher jmom jwhen jmeeting jadults jbut jdoes jnot jhave janxiety jin jpeer jsetting. jWould jthis jmeet jDSM-5 jcriteria? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Greta jdisplays janxiety jwhen jmeeting jadults jin ja jsocial jsituation. jHer janxiety jis jexpressed jas jclinging jto jher jmother jand jnot jspeaking. jThe janxiety jhas jbeen jpresent jfor jseveral jyears; jhowever, jGreta jdoes jnot jhave janxiety jin jpeer jsettings. jTherefore, jshe jdoes jnot jmeet jDSM-5 jcriteria jfor jsocial janxiety jdisorder Panic jattacks j- j j j jcorrect ja jbrief jepisode jof jacute janxiety jduring jwhich jan jindividual jdevelops jan jintense jfear jof jnegative joutcomes jaccompanied jby ja jfeeling jof jimminent jdanger. jPanic jattacks jcan jbe junpredictable, joften joccurring jin jfamiliar jplaces jwhere jthere jare jno japparent jthreats. jThe jfeelings jare joften jaccompanied jby jphysiological jsymptoms. jWhile jsymptoms jtypically jpeak jwithin jten jto jtwenty jminutes, jsome jmay jlast jfor jhours Physical jsymptoms jof ja jpanic jattack jinclude? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Palpitations, jpounding jheart, jor jaccelerated jheart jrate Trembling jor jshaking Paresthesias j(numbness jor jtingling jsensations) Sensation jof jshortness jof jbreath jor jsmothering Derealization j(feelings jof junreality) jor jdepersonalization j(feeling jdetached jfrom joneself) Feeling jof jchoking Feeling jof jchest jpain jor jdiscomfort Nausea jor jabdominal jstress Feeling jdizzy, junsteady, jlight-headed jor jfaint Chills jor jheat jsensations Panic jdisorder j- j j j jcorrect s jwhen ja jperson jexperiences jrepeated jpanic jattacks, jusually jaccompanied jby jfears jabout jfuture jattacks. jAnxiety jabout jfuture jattacks jmay jlead jto jbehavioral jchanges jto javoid jsituations jthat jmight jtrigger jattacks Fabrizia jis ja j27-year-old jgraphic jdesigner jwho jpresents jto jthe jclinic jtwo jmonths jafter jan jemergency jdepartment jvisit jfor jcomplaints jof jchest jpain, jpalpitations, jnausea, jand jdizziness. jHer jelectrocardiogram j(ECG) jand jcardiac jenzyme jpanels jshowed jno jabnormalities. jShe jstates jthat jthe jsymptoms jbegan jwhile jshe jwas jwatching ja jmovie jwith jher jboyfriend jand jlasted jabout j15 jminutes. jShe jhas jnever jexperienced janything jlike jthis jin jthe jpast, jbut jsince jthe jepisode, jshe jhas jworried joccasionally jabout jthe jsymptoms jrecurring, jas jher jfather jdied jof ja jheart jattack jat jage j45. Based jon jthe jDSM-5-TR, jdoes jFabrizia jmeet jdiagnostic jcriteria jfor jpanic jdisorder? j A) jYes j B) jNo j- j j j jcorrect janswer.B) jNo j Rationale: jFabrizia jmeets jdiagnostic jcriteria jfor ja jpanic jattack, jbut jnot jfor jpanic jdisorder. jDuring jher jpanic jattack, jshe jreported jhaving jfour jcardinal jsymptoms jassociated jwith ja jpanic jattack. jShe jhas jonly jhad jone jpanic jattack, jand jalthough jshe jhas jexpressed jworry jabout jsymptoms jrecurring, jit jis jnot jpersistent jconcern jor jworry. Phobia j- j j j jcorrect a jis jan jintense jfear jof ja jspecific jsituation jor jobject. jThe jfear jassociated jwith ja jphobia jis jnot jin jproportion jto jthe jactual jdanger jassociated jwith jthe jsituation jor jobject. jThe jprevalence jof jspecific jphobias jis japproximately j8%. jSpecific jphobias joften joccur jafter jexperiencing jor jwitnessing ja jtraumatic jevent jand jtypically jdevelop jin jchildhood. jClients jwho jhave jspecific jphobias joften jfear jmore jthan jone jobject jor jsituation. jEach jspecific jphobia jis jdiagnosed jseparately Ella jis ja j17-year-old jwho jpresents jto jthe jclinic jwith jher jmother. jHer jmom jreports jthat jElla jwill jnot jgo jto jthe jbasement jin jtheir jhome, jand jshe jis jconcerned jabout jthe jbehavior. jDuring jthe jinterview, jElla jconfirms jthat jeven jthinking jabout jgoing jto jthe jbasement jcauses jher jextreme janxiety jbecause jshe jknows jthat jthere jare jspiders jin jthe jbasement. jShe jhas jhad jher jphone jtaken jaway jin jthe jpast jbecause jshe jwill jnot jgo jto jthe jbasement jto jgather jher jlaundry, jbut jshe jstates, j"I jwill jtake jthe jpunishment jbecause jit jis jbetter jthan jbeing jaround jthose jspiders." jShe jstates jshe jhas jbeen jafraid jof jspiders jfor jas jlong jas jshe jcan jremember Which jof jthe jfollowing jis jthe jmost jappropriate jICD-10-CM jcode jfor jElla? 40.2 jSpecific jphobias 40.218 jSpecific jphobia j- janimal F40.298 jOther jspecified jphobia F40.9 jPhobia, jphobic j- j j j jcorrect janswer.40.218 jSpecific jphobia j- janimal Rationale: jElla jmeets jdiagnostic jcriteria jfor jF40.218 jSpecific jPhobia: jAnimal. Agoraphobia j- j j j jcorrect ves jintense jfear, janxiety, jor jpanic jout jof jproportion jto jthe jsituation jthat joccurs jin jtwo jor jmore jof jthe jfollowing jspecific jscenarios: public jtransportation j(bus) open jspaces j(parking jlot jor jbridge) enclosed jspaces j(store, jtheater) standing jin ja jcrowd jor jline j(crowd) being joutside jof jtheir jhome Coping jmechanism jfor jagoraphobia j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Although jsome jclients jwith jagoraphobia jare jcompletely jhomebound, jmany jclients jcope jby jactively javoiding jsituations jthat jcreate janxiety; jfor jinstance, ja jperson jwho jfears jpublic jtransportation jmay jchoose jto jlive jwithin jwalking jdistance jto jemployment jand jshopping. jClients jmay jbe jable jto jfunction jbetter jwhen ja jsupport jperson jcomes jwith jthem Sigourney jis ja j47-year-old jwho jpresents jto jthe jclinic jwith jcomplaints jof janxiety. jShe jstates jthat jcertain jsituations jseem jto jtrigger jher janxiety, jincluding jusing jthe jsubway, jattending jconcerts jand jmovies, jand jgoing jto jthe jcorner jbodega. jShe jstates jthat jthese jtypes jof jsituations jmake jher jfear jthat jshe jwill jbe jtrapped jin jthe jevent jof jan jemergency. jTo jcope, jshe jhas jbeen jwalking jrather jthan jusing jpublic jtransportation jand jusing jan jonline jordering japp jfor jgrocery jdelivery. jShe jhas jnot jbeen jto ja jconcert jor jmovie jtheater jin jyears jand jfeels jthat jshe jhas jlost jsome jfriends jbecause jof jher jreluctance jto jattend. Based jon jthe jDSM-5-TR, jdoes jSigourney jmeet jdiagnostic jcriteria jfor jagoraphobia? A) jYes B) jNo j- j j j jcorrect janswer.A) jYes j Rationale: jSigourney jmeets jthe jfollowing jdiagnostic jcriteria jfor jagoraphobia: jshe jhas jmarked janxiety jabout jusing jpublic jtransportation jand jbeing jin jenclosed jspaces jand jcrowds. jShe jfears ja jsituation jbecause jshe jworries jabout jher jability jto jescape. jShe jhas jchanged jher jbehaviors jto javoid jsituations jthat jcause jher janxiety, jand jshe jhas jcaused jsocial jimpairment jin jher jlife. Adjustment jDisorder jwith jAnxiety j- j j j jcorrect janswer.The jDSM-5 jclassifies jadjustment jdisorder jas ja jtrauma- jand jstressor-related jdisorder; jhowever, jsymptoms jof jadjustment jdisorder jwith janxiety jare jsimilar jto jthose jfound jin janxiety jdisorders. jAdjustment jdisorder jwith janxiety jpresents jwith jnervousness, jworry, jor jjitteriness. Adjustment jdisorder joccurs jin jthe jpresence jof ja jspecific jand jidentifiable jstressor. jThe jdistress jexperienced jis jout jof jproportion jto jthe jseverity jof jthe jstressor. Adjustment jDisorder jwith jAnxiety jexamples j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Examples jof jcommon jstressors jinclude jloss jof jemployment, jgetting jmarried, ja jnew jdisability, jor ja jnatural jdisaster. When jdoes jAdjustment jDisorder jwith janxiety jusually jappear? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Symptoms jbegin jwithin jthree jmonths jof jthe jstressor jand jtypically jlast jno jmore jthan jsix jmonths. Callie jis jan j18-year-old jcollege jstudent jwho jreports jto jthe jhealthcare jprovider jthat jshe jfeels janxious j"about jeverything." jHer jrestlessness jand jirritability jhave jimpacted jher jrelationship jwith jher jsignificant jother. jShe jreports jno jsignificant jpast jmedical jor jmental jhealth jhistory. jShe jstates jthat jher janxiety jstarted jabout j8 jmonths jago jwhen jshe jdecided jto jtransfer jfrom jher jlocal jcommunity jcollege jto ja jlarge jstate juniversity jto jpursue ja jlaw jdegree. jDuring jthe jlaw jprogram's jorientation jattended jby j300 jstudents, jshe jlearned jthat jonly j100 jstudents jwould jbe jselected jout jof j300 japplications jfor jthe jfall jadmission. jShe jbegan jfeeling jinferior jthat jshe jwould jnot jbe jone jof jthe jstudents jaccepted. jShe jalso jstarted jthinking jabout j"plan jB," jassuming jthat jher jgrades jare jnot j"good jenough" jto jget jher jselected jfor jthe jprogram. jShe jtold jthe jPMHNP jthat jshe jwas jpreparing jfor jthe jrejection jbecause jshe jdoes jnot jmeasure-up jto jthe jother jappli j- j j j jcorrect janswer.A) jgeneralized janxiety jdisorder j Rationale: jCallie jhas jpersistent jsymptoms jof janxiety jaccompanied jby jrestlessness jand jirritability. jThe jthoughts jare junrealistic jsince jshe jhas jpre-determined jthat jshe jis jnot jgood jenough jfor jthe jlaw jprogram jwithout jevidence jto jsupport jthat jfeeling. jShe jalso jcompares jherself jto jstrangers jwhere jshe jautomatically jassumes jthat jthey jare jbetter jprepared jfor jthe jprogram jthan jshe jis. jShe jdecides jnot jto japply jto jthe jlaw jprogram jbased jon jthese junsubstantiated jthoughts. Jeremy jis ja j44-year-old jmale jwho jworks jas ja jdepartment jhead jfor ja jlocal jgrocery jstore jchain jthat jis jdown-sizing jdue jto jeconomic jreasons. jTop jlevel jmanagement jhas jannounced jthat jthere jwill jbe jrestructuring jof jthe jcompany jwhere jmany jof jthe jemployees jare jno jlonger jdeemed jessential. jBecause jof jthe jautomatic jself-check-out jsystems, jthere jis jno jlonger jthe jneed jto jemploy jas jmany jcashiers jas jpossible. jJeremy jhas jbeen jgiven jthe jtask jof jnotifying jhis jemployees jof jthis jmajor jchange jin jstaffing. jHe jplans jto jshare jthese jdecisions jat jnext jweek's jstaff jmeeting. jFrom jthe jmoment jJeremy jreceived jthis jdirective, jhe jstarted jto jfeel jfearful jof jthe jpossibility jof jannouncing jthe jdecision jto jdownsize jas jwell jas jdeciding jon jwho jwould jbe jeliminated. jOn jthe jday jof jthe jstaff jmeeting, jhis jemployees jwere jpresent. jAs jhe jstarted jthe jstaff jmeeting, jhe jbegan jto jfeel jnausea. jHe jeven jnoticed jhis jheart jpounding. jWhen jhe jwas jquestioned jby jan jemployee jon j- j j j jcorrect janswer.C) jpanic jattack j Rationale: jJeremy's janxiety jis jassociated jwith ja jstressful jsituation j(delivering jthe jbad jnews) jand ja jfear jthat jsomething jbad jwill jhappen j(staff's jreaction jto jthe jannouncement). jHe jexperiences jphysical jsymptoms jof jheart jpounding, jnausea, jdizziness, jand jinability jto jformulate jan jorganized janswer jto jthe jquestion. jThe jsetting jis jalso jin ja jfamiliar jplace jamong jcolleagues jwhere jno jreal jthreat jexists. Sari jis ja j34-year-old jfemale jwho jis jengaged jto jbe jmarried jin jone jmonth. jThis jwill jbe jher jsecond jmarriage. jShe jhas jbeen jdivorced jfor jthree jyears. jHer jfiancé, jwho jis jalso jdivorced, jhas jarranged jfor jSari jto jmeet jhis jthree jteenagers. jSari jlearns jthrough ja jmutual jfriend jof jhers jand jthe jfiancé, jthat jhis jteenagers, jalthough jhesitant, jare jwilling jto jmeet jher. jOn jthe jday jof jthe jarranged jmeeting, jSari jis jasked jto jarrive jto jthe jrestaurant jto jmeet jthe jteens jprior jto jthe jfiancé's jarrival jbecause jhe jhas jbeen jheld jup jat ja jmeeting. jSari jagrees jbut jstarts jto jfeel juneasy jabout jit. jShe jis jconcerned jthat jthey jwill jnot jaccept jher jbecause jof jher jprevious jdivorce jand jthe jfact jthat jshe jis jnot jtheir jmother jalthough jthey jwere jwilling jto jmeet jher. jThe jcloser jshe jgot jto jthe jrestaurant, jthe jmore juneasy jshe jfelt jto jthe jpoint jof jdisorientation. jJust jbefore jentering jthe jrestaurant, jshe jturned jaround jand jcalled jher jfiancé jto jinform jhim jthat jher jcar j- j j j jcorrect janswer.D) jSocial jAnxiety Rationale: jSari jfeels jlike jshe jwill jbe jjudged jby jthe jteens jbecause jshe jis jnot jtheir jmother. jShe javoids jthe jsituation jby jcreating jan jexcuse jfor jnot jmeeting jthem jat jthe jrestaurant. jThe jfeelings jare junwarranted jsince jthe jteens jagreed jto jmeet jwith jSari. Complete jthe jcase jstudy jbelow jby jutilizing jthe jHAM-A jscale. Rashard, ja j54-year-old, jpresents jfor ja jwalk-in jvisit jwith jthe jPMHNP jdue jto jincreased janxiety jand jrequests jan jearly jrefill jof jhis jclonazepam. jHe jreports jhis jbrother jdied ja jweek jago jand jhe jis jvery janxious. jHe jhas jtaken jall jthe jclonazepam j#20 jtabs jthat jthe jPMHNP jrefilled j3 jweeks jearlier. jThe jclient junderstands jthat jhis jbenzodiazepine jis jto jbe jused jas jneeded jand jonly jfor jsevere janxiety, jbut jhe jsaid jhe jused jit jall jbecause jhe j"just jcouldn't jcope." jHe jreveals jthat jhe jwas jhospitalized jafter jthe jdeath jof jhis jfather j7 jyears jago jand jdoes jnot jwant jthat jto jhappen jagain; jhe jwants jto javoid jthe jhospital. Upon jassessment, jthe jclient jhas jdifficulty jsitting jstill, jhis jleg jis jswinging jcontinuously, jand jhe jtaps jhis jfingers; jhe jis jconstantly jshifting jin jhis jchair. jHis janxiety jsymptoms jinclude jfeeling jshort jof jbreath, jheart jracing, jand jsome jchest jpain, j"jumping jout jof jhis jskin" j- j j j jcorrect janswer.C) jmoderate jto jsevere janxiety j Rationale: jThe jHAM-A jis ja jclinician-rated janxiety jscreening jtool. jBased jon jRashard's jinterview jand jexamination, jhis jpositive jfindings jscore jas jfollows: Anxious jmood j- j4 j(daily jworry, jfearful janticipation) Tension- j4 j(startle, jtense, jtrembling jdaily) Fears- j3 j(daily jfear jsomething jwill jhappen) Insomnia- j3 j(nightly jsleep jissues) Intellectual- j2 j(poor jmemory) Depressed jmood- j3 j(daily jloss jof jinterest, jlack jof jpleasure) Cardiovascular jsymptoms- j3 j(tachycardia, jchest jpain) Respiratory jsymptoms- j2 j(pressure jor jconstriction jin jchest, jdyspnea) Behavior jat jinterview- j3 j(fidgeting, jrestlessness, jor jpacing) Rashard's jtotal jHAM-A jscreening jscore jis j28, jindicating jmoderate jto jsevere janxiety. Which jof jthe jfollowing jmedical jconditions jis jlikely jto jpresent jwith jsymptoms jthat jmimic janxiety? A) jhypothyroidism B)hyperthyroidism j(C C)dysrhythmias j(Correct janswer) D) jirritable jbowel jsyndrome j(Correct janswer) E) janemia F) jdiabetes jtype j2 G)migraine jheadache j(Correct janswer) H) jCovid-19 I) jrheumatoid jarthritis j(Correct janswer) J) jmenopause j(Correct janswer) j- j j j jcorrect janswer.B)hyperthyroidism j C)dysrhythmias D) jirritable jbowel jsyndrome G)migraine jheadache I) jrheumatoid jarthritis J) jmenopause Rationale: jMedical jconditions jthat jcommonly jpresent jwith jsymptoms jthat jmimic janxiety jinclude jendocrine jdisorders jincluding jhyperthyroidism jand jadrenal jdysfunction jcardiac jdisorders jincluding jangina jand jdysrhythmias, jGI jconditions jincluding jirritable jbowel jsyndrome jand jGERD, jinflammatory jconditions jincluding jlupus jand jrheumatoid jarthritis, jneurological jdisorders jincluding jmigraine jheadaches jand jseizures, jand jrespiratory jconditions jincluding jasthma jand jCOPD. jChanges jin jthe jmenstrual jcycle, jincluding jPMS jand jmenopause, jmay jalso jcause jsymptoms jthat jmimic janxiety. Which jof jthe jfollowing jmedications jor jsubstances jcommonly jcause jsymptoms jthat jmimic janxiety? A)bupropion j B)nasal jdecongestants j C)metoprolol j D)levothyroxine j E)Insulin F)albuterol j G)cocaine j H)alcohol j I)caffeine j J)morphine j- j j j jcorrect janswer.A)bupropion j(Correct janswer) B)nasal jdecongestants j(Correct janswer) C)metoprolol j(Correct janswer) D)levothyroxine j(Correct janswer) F)albuterol j(Correct janswer) G) jcocaine j(Correct janswer) H)alcohol j(Correct janswer) I)caffeine j(Correct janswer) Rationale: jMedications jwith jside jeffects jmimicking janxiety jdisorder jinclude jnasal jdecongestants, jantidepressant jmedications, jsynthetic jthyroid jhormones, jbeta-adrenergic jagonists, jand jhormones jsuch jas jandrogens jand jestrogens. jSubstances jwith jeffects jthat jmay jmimic janxiety jinclude jcocaine, jecstasy, jmarijuana, jpsychoactive jcompounds, jand jcaffeine. What jis jthe jTx jof jGAD j? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Pyschotherapy, jmedication, jor jboth What jis jthe jmost jwidely jstudied jand jefficacious jform jof jTx jof jGAD? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Serotonergic jantidepressants jin jcombinations jwith jCBT If jsymptoms jare jsevere jof jGAD jwhat jis jthe jline jof jTx? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Short jcourse jof ja jbenzodiazepine jat jthe jbeginning jof jtreatment jmay jbe jindicated Anxiolytic jPros jvs jCons j- j j j jcorrect janswer.PROS: j ↓ jadverse jeffects ↓ jdrug jinteractions CONS j limited jeffectiveness Anxiolytic jtime jto jefficacy? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.2-4 jweeks Anxiolytic jagents? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Buspirone SSRIs/SNRIs jPros jvs jCons j- j j j jcorrect janswer.PROS: j Highly jeffective j CONS: j ↑ jdrug jinteractions risk jof jhyponatremia SSRIs/ jSNRIs jtime jto jefficacy? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Up jto j6 jmonths SSRIs/ jSNRIs jAgents j- j j j jcorrect atopram j(Lexapro) j paroxetine j(Paxil) j duloxetine j(Cymbalta) Benzodiazepines jPros jvs jCons j- j j j jcorrect janswer.PROS j highly jeffective rapid jonset can jbe jused jPRN CONS j multiple jadverse jeffects fall jrisk risk jof jmisuse Benzodiazepines jtime jto jefficacy? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Immediate Benzodiazepines jAgents j- j j j jcorrect zolam j(Xanax) j clonazepam j(Klonopin) Non jpharmacologic jTreatment jof jGAD j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Some jclients jmay jconsider jcomplementary jand jalternative jtreatments. jTreatments jmay jinclude jphysical, jcognitive, jand jspiritual jactivities jaimed jat jdecreasing janxiety. jHigh-intensity jaerobic jexercise jis ja jgood jcomplement jto jfirst-line jtherapy jfor jGAD. jMindfulness-based jstress jreduction jactivities, jsuch jas jmeditation jand jyoga, jhave jshown ja jreduction jin jsymptoms jof jGAD Relaxation jor jmeditation Art jof jmusic jtherapy Yoga jor jother jexercise Acupuncture Prayer jor jspiritual jcounselling What jis jSilexan? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Is ja jbranded jextract jof jlavender. jOTC jin jthe jUS. jSimilar jto jCAM jtherapies Harold jis ja j32-year-old jwho jpresents jto jthe jclinic jwith jcomplaints jof jfatigue, jdifficulty jconcentrating, jand jdifficulty jfalling jasleep jat jnight. jHe jstates jhe jworries jabout jfinances, jhis jperformance jat jwork, jand jhis jrelationship, jand jhis jworries jhave jbeen j"almost jconstant" jfor j8 jmonths. jHe jdenies jsubstance juse jand jrecently jhad ja jnormal jphysical jexam. jHe jfeels jthat jhis jrelationship jis jsuffering jdue jto jhis jconstant jworry. Based jon jthe jDSM-5-TR, jdoes jHarold jmeet jdiagnostic jcriteria jfor jgeneralized janxiety jdisorder? j A) jYes j B) jNo j- j j j jcorrect janswer.A) jYes j Rationale: jHarold jmeets jthe jfollowing jdiagnostic jcriteria jfor jgeneralized janxiety jdisorder: jHe jhas jthree jsymptoms jassociated jwith jworry, jincluding jfatigue, jdifficulty jconcentrating, jand jsleep jdifficulties. jHe jhas jexperienced janxiety jmore jdays jthan jnot jfor jover j6 jmonths, jand jhis jworries jare jimpacting jhis jrelationship. SAD jtreatment jplan? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Not jall jclients jwith jsocial janxiety jdisorder j(SAD) jrequire jtreatment. jYoung jadults jmay jexperience jbenefits jfrom jlearning jabout jtheir jdisorder jand jreflecting jon jhow jthe jdisorder jimpacts jtheir jpersonal jlife jto jmake jan jeducated jdecision jabout jtreatment joptions. jMany jclients jdiagnosed jwith jSAD jhave jexperienced jsymptoms jfor jyears jand jhave jlearned jto jnavigate jthe jsymptoms jat ja jfunctional jlevel. jTreatment jfor jSAD jis jrarely jan jemergent jsituation. jTreatment jincludes jcognitive jbehavioral jtherapy, jmedications, jor ja jcombination jof jboth. SAD jmedication jtreatment joptions? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Selective jserotonin jreuptake jinhibitors j(SSRIs) jand jserotonin jand jnorepinephrine jreuptake jinhibitors j(SNRIs) SAD jis jusually jtreated jusing janti-depressants. Benzodiazepines These jpsychoactive jdrugs jare jknown jfor jinducing jcalm. Monoamine joxidase jinhibitors j(MAOIs) This jclass jof jdrugs jare jfor jclients jwho jare jable jto jundergo jdietary jand jmedication jrestrictions. jSSRIs jor jSNRIs jmust jbe jcompletely jflushed jfrom jthe jsystem jfirst. Performance- jonly jSAD jTx jfor jone jor jrarely jrecurring jperformance? j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Beta jblocker jor jBenzodiazepine j30-60 jmin jbefore jperformance Performance-only jSAD jTx jfor jRecurring jperformances j- j j j jcorrect janswer.1) jCBT j 2) jBeta jblocker jor jBenzodiazepine j30-60 jmin jbefore jperformance Panic jdisorder jTx jplan j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Exposure jtherapy Cognitive jbehavioral jtherapy Medications Combination jof jmodalities Treatment jmay jinclude jexposure jtherapy, jcognitive jbehavioral jtherapy, jmedications, jor ja jcombination jof jmodalities. jSSRIs jare ja jsafe, jeconomical jpharmacologic jtreatment jfor jpanic jdisorder. jBenzodiazepines jmay jbe jused jin jemergencies Obsessions jvs jcompulsions j- j j j jcorrect janswer.Obsessions: j(intrusive jor junwanted jthoughts) j "Did jI jforget jto jturn jthe jstove joff?" Fear jof jgerms Continued jthoughts jof jharming janother jperson Compulsions: j(repetitive jbehaviors jin jresponse jof jintrusive jthoughts) j Checking jthe jlock jon jthe jdoor jmultiple jtimes Taking jseveral jhours jto jeat ja jmeal Counting Repetitive jprayers