Pediatrics Final Exam REVIEW| 2024

Pediatrics Final Exam
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1. What are some symptoms of hypercyanotic spells?: Uncontrollable
crying Worsening hypoxia with cyanosis
Irritability
2. What intervention for hypercyanotic spells?: Knee-chest position
3. What are some clinical manifestations of Ventricular Septal Defect
(VSD)?-
: Small
infant
Murmur
Palpable
thrill
Liver/heart/spleen
enlargement Feeding
difficulties Diaphoresis
4. What is some therapeutic management of Ventricular Septal Defect
(VSD)?-
: Surgical
correction
Pacemaker
Digoxin
Prophylactic antibiotics
5. What are some acyanotic symptoms?: Pink baby with normal O2
saturation Difficulty feeding
Failure to Thrive
Increased RR
Recurrent respiratory
infections Respiratory
distress
6. What are some cyanotic symptoms?: Cyanosis of lips (perioral
cyanosis) Digits; "dusky look"
Abnormal oxygen
saturations Tachypnea
Feeding
difficulties
Failure to thrive
7. What is the main difference of cyanotic and acyontic?: Cyanosis of lips
and abnormal O2 sats with cyanotic
Pink baby with normal O2 saturation with acyanotic

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8. Whathttps://quizlet.com/_e6zuuf
are some similarities of cyanotic and acyontic?: Feeding
Difficulties Failure to Thrive
9. What are some clinical manifestations of Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
-
Murmur
Respiratory distress with signs
of HF Thrill palpated
Bounding peripheral
pulses Widened pulse
pressure




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Failure to
thrive
Fatigue
10. What are some clinical manifestations of Coarctation of the aorta
(COA)?-
: Blood pressure is higher in the upper extremities than in the lower
extremities Bounding pulses in arms
Weak/absent femoral
pulses Cool lower
extremities
Hypertension causing: HA, Dizzy, Faint, and Epistaxis
11.What are the Four defects of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)?: Ventricular
Septal Defect
Right Ventricular Outflow obstruction (pulmonic
stenosis) Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Overriding Aorta
12. What are some complications of Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
(HLHS)?-
: If untreated, death within first few months of life (rapid progressive
heart failure)
13.What are some manifestations of Hypoplastic left heart
syndrome (HLHS)?: Grayish blue infant with hypoxia, dyspnea
and hypotension
14.How can Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) be managed?:
Emergent PGE1 to maintain PDA until surgery
Surgical: transplant or Norwood/Fontan repair
15.What does the Norwood procedure do?: Builds a new larger aorta by
joining with the pulmonary artery
Creates a shunt to get blood to the lungs
Will need 2-3 more procedures over next 2 years
16.What are some manifestations of Rheumatic Fever?:
Chorea Fever
Carditis
Erythema
marginatum
Abdominal pain
Polyarthritis or migratory joint
pain Aschoff bodies
17.What is Chorea?: Jerking movements in face, arms,

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legs Can last up to 6 months
after initial infection
18.What is Erythema marginatum?: Red painless skin lesions that start
on the trunk
19.What are Aschoff bodies?: Lesions or nodules found in the heart,
blood vessels, brain, and serous surfaces of the joints and pleura
with RF
20.What is the Jones Criteria for Rheumatic Fever?: 2 or 1 major symptom
such as




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