HNF 150 - lipids and cardiovascular
disease
2 essential fatty acids and why they are important - ✅✅
-Omega-6 and
Omega-3 essential because our bodies cannot produce them
2020-2025 dietary guidelines for saturated fat - ✅✅-we should be eating
less than 10% of our calories as saturated fats
2020-2025 dietary guidlines for trans fat - ✅✅-as little trans fat as possible,
partially hydrogenated oils are no longer allowed in the US
a-linolenic acid (ALA) - ✅✅ -omega 3 polyunsaturated essential fatty acid
that prevents heart disease (fish, walnuts, flaxseeds)
aneurysm - ✅✅ -ballooning out of an artery wall at a point that is weakened
by deterioration
Atherosclerosis - ✅✅-the most common form of cardiovascular disease;
characterized by plaque along the inner walls of the arteries
✅✅
best choice of fish from an ecological and sustainability perspective -
-wild salmon caught in alaska
bile - ✅✅-fluid that aids in digestion and is secreted by the liver and stored
in the gall bladder - made with cholesterol
bile as an emulsifier - ✅✅ -makes the dietary fat go into solution that makes
it possible for the enzymes to reach fat molecules and digest them
cardiovascular disease (CVD) - ✅✅ -diseases of the heart and blood
vessels. Atherosclerosis is the main cause
chlyomicron - ✅✅ -a lipoprotein created after fat absorption in the small
intestine - transports dietary triglycerides to body tissue
cholesterol - ✅✅-made by the body, 60-70% is synthesized by the liver
, common food sources of cholesterol - ✅✅-full fat dairy, red meat, processed
meat, eggs
coronary heart disease - ✅✅-when arteries that carry blood to the heart
muscle become blocked, the heart suffers damage
DHA - ✅✅-higher order omega 3 - our bodies can convert omega 3 ALA into
DHA
difference between energy density and nutrient density - ✅✅ -energy density
is the energy of calories per gram while nutrient density is the amount of
nutrients relative to calories
embolism - ✅✅ -an embolus (clot) that breaks free, travels, and lodges into a
tight spot in a blood vessel
emulsification - ✅✅ -necessary for fat digestion - mixing lipid with water by
adding an emulsifier, brings the lipid into a solution instead of separating fat
into layers
✅✅
essential fatty acid - -fatty acids that the body needs but cannot make
and must be obtained from the diet
✅✅
fatty acid saturation - -saturated fatty acids have no double bonds
between the individual carbon atoms and the fatty acid chain - fully saturated
with hydrogen atoms
FIRST step of triglyceride absorption in the small intestine - ✅✅-hormone
CCK released - stimulates release of bile and pancreatic lipase
food sources of monounsaturated fats - ✅✅-olive oil, canola oil, avocados
food sources of polyunsaturated fats - ✅✅-walnuts, sunflower seeds, flax
seeds or oil, fish
food sources of saturated fats - ✅✅-butter (dairy products and animal fats),
meats, coconut and palm oil
food sources of trans fat -✅✅ -milk and meat from ruminant animals (cows),
processed foods outside of US
disease
2 essential fatty acids and why they are important - ✅✅
-Omega-6 and
Omega-3 essential because our bodies cannot produce them
2020-2025 dietary guidelines for saturated fat - ✅✅-we should be eating
less than 10% of our calories as saturated fats
2020-2025 dietary guidlines for trans fat - ✅✅-as little trans fat as possible,
partially hydrogenated oils are no longer allowed in the US
a-linolenic acid (ALA) - ✅✅ -omega 3 polyunsaturated essential fatty acid
that prevents heart disease (fish, walnuts, flaxseeds)
aneurysm - ✅✅ -ballooning out of an artery wall at a point that is weakened
by deterioration
Atherosclerosis - ✅✅-the most common form of cardiovascular disease;
characterized by plaque along the inner walls of the arteries
✅✅
best choice of fish from an ecological and sustainability perspective -
-wild salmon caught in alaska
bile - ✅✅-fluid that aids in digestion and is secreted by the liver and stored
in the gall bladder - made with cholesterol
bile as an emulsifier - ✅✅ -makes the dietary fat go into solution that makes
it possible for the enzymes to reach fat molecules and digest them
cardiovascular disease (CVD) - ✅✅ -diseases of the heart and blood
vessels. Atherosclerosis is the main cause
chlyomicron - ✅✅ -a lipoprotein created after fat absorption in the small
intestine - transports dietary triglycerides to body tissue
cholesterol - ✅✅-made by the body, 60-70% is synthesized by the liver
, common food sources of cholesterol - ✅✅-full fat dairy, red meat, processed
meat, eggs
coronary heart disease - ✅✅-when arteries that carry blood to the heart
muscle become blocked, the heart suffers damage
DHA - ✅✅-higher order omega 3 - our bodies can convert omega 3 ALA into
DHA
difference between energy density and nutrient density - ✅✅ -energy density
is the energy of calories per gram while nutrient density is the amount of
nutrients relative to calories
embolism - ✅✅ -an embolus (clot) that breaks free, travels, and lodges into a
tight spot in a blood vessel
emulsification - ✅✅ -necessary for fat digestion - mixing lipid with water by
adding an emulsifier, brings the lipid into a solution instead of separating fat
into layers
✅✅
essential fatty acid - -fatty acids that the body needs but cannot make
and must be obtained from the diet
✅✅
fatty acid saturation - -saturated fatty acids have no double bonds
between the individual carbon atoms and the fatty acid chain - fully saturated
with hydrogen atoms
FIRST step of triglyceride absorption in the small intestine - ✅✅-hormone
CCK released - stimulates release of bile and pancreatic lipase
food sources of monounsaturated fats - ✅✅-olive oil, canola oil, avocados
food sources of polyunsaturated fats - ✅✅-walnuts, sunflower seeds, flax
seeds or oil, fish
food sources of saturated fats - ✅✅-butter (dairy products and animal fats),
meats, coconut and palm oil
food sources of trans fat -✅✅ -milk and meat from ruminant animals (cows),
processed foods outside of US
