ECOL 182 exam 2
✅✅
Are animals that are carnivores or omnivores: producers, primary consumers,
secondary consumers, or tertiary consumers? - -Animals that are
carnivores or omnivores can be secondary or tertiary consumers.
✅✅
Are animals that are herbivores producers, primary consumers, secondary
consumers, or tertiary consumers? - -Animals that are herbivores are
primary consumers.
✅✅
Are competitive interactions more important in earlier succession or later-
succession? - -Competitive interactions are more important later in
succession.
✅✅
Are facilitative interactions more important later or earlier in succession? -
-Facilitative interactions are more important earlier in succession.
Can a mosiac of disturbed patches promote species diversity? - ✅✅-Yes it
can, but it might not lead to much successional change
Can complete competitors coexist? - ✅✅-No. The worst competitor would
be entirely excluded.
✅✅
Can small, frequent disturbances promote species diversity? What does it
open up. - -Yes. It opens up patches of resources for other individuals
✅✅-No.
did the earliest land plants have roots? -
Do all land plants develop from an embryo? - ✅✅-Yes
✅✅
Do all land plants have protected, multicellular structures that produce spores
and gametes? - -Yes
Fewer, larger seeds produced • Low rates of seed production and dispersal •
Longer life cycle, slower growth rate, larger size at maturity • Animal pollinated
and seed dispersal • Sexual life cycle • Tolerant of shade (require low light
levels) • Not replaced by incoming species
, ✅✅
These are characteristics of pioneer species or late-successional species? -
-These are for late-successional species (colonize after pioneers)
Hardy and tolerate harsh environments, adapt to a wide range environments •
High rates of seed production and seed dispersal • Small seeds produced that
easily germinate • Short life cycle, fast growth rate, smaller size at maturity •
Wind pollinated and seed dispersal • Asexual (e.g., cloning) life cycle •
Intolerant of shade (require high light levels) • Replaced by species that
colonize later
✅✅
These are characteristics of pioneer species or late-successional species? -
-These are pioneer species (first to colonize early in succession)
How do we measure species diversity? - ✅✅-Shannon-Weiner index
How many times did plants evolve from green algae? - ✅✅-Plants evolved
once from green algae
✅✅
In what type of environments have plants adapted to be carnivorous -
-Nutrient poor environments
✅✅
Is development of a biotic community faster in primary succession or
secondary succession. - -Secondary succession
✅✅
Is development of a biotic community faster in secondary succession or
primary succession? - -Secondary succession
Is the gametophyte phase haploid or diploid? - ✅✅-haploid. and it is made
through meiosis
Is the sporophyte phase haploid or diploid? - ✅✅-diploid and made through
fertilization
✅✅
Knows parts of phylogenetic tree: Node, branch, lineage, root "basal", species
of interest, split. - -look at picture
Modified stems, Modified leaves, trichomes, leaf margin, and extension of the
✅✅
epidermis is an example of what type of herbivory resistance -
-Structural defense
✅✅
Are animals that are carnivores or omnivores: producers, primary consumers,
secondary consumers, or tertiary consumers? - -Animals that are
carnivores or omnivores can be secondary or tertiary consumers.
✅✅
Are animals that are herbivores producers, primary consumers, secondary
consumers, or tertiary consumers? - -Animals that are herbivores are
primary consumers.
✅✅
Are competitive interactions more important in earlier succession or later-
succession? - -Competitive interactions are more important later in
succession.
✅✅
Are facilitative interactions more important later or earlier in succession? -
-Facilitative interactions are more important earlier in succession.
Can a mosiac of disturbed patches promote species diversity? - ✅✅-Yes it
can, but it might not lead to much successional change
Can complete competitors coexist? - ✅✅-No. The worst competitor would
be entirely excluded.
✅✅
Can small, frequent disturbances promote species diversity? What does it
open up. - -Yes. It opens up patches of resources for other individuals
✅✅-No.
did the earliest land plants have roots? -
Do all land plants develop from an embryo? - ✅✅-Yes
✅✅
Do all land plants have protected, multicellular structures that produce spores
and gametes? - -Yes
Fewer, larger seeds produced • Low rates of seed production and dispersal •
Longer life cycle, slower growth rate, larger size at maturity • Animal pollinated
and seed dispersal • Sexual life cycle • Tolerant of shade (require low light
levels) • Not replaced by incoming species
, ✅✅
These are characteristics of pioneer species or late-successional species? -
-These are for late-successional species (colonize after pioneers)
Hardy and tolerate harsh environments, adapt to a wide range environments •
High rates of seed production and seed dispersal • Small seeds produced that
easily germinate • Short life cycle, fast growth rate, smaller size at maturity •
Wind pollinated and seed dispersal • Asexual (e.g., cloning) life cycle •
Intolerant of shade (require high light levels) • Replaced by species that
colonize later
✅✅
These are characteristics of pioneer species or late-successional species? -
-These are pioneer species (first to colonize early in succession)
How do we measure species diversity? - ✅✅-Shannon-Weiner index
How many times did plants evolve from green algae? - ✅✅-Plants evolved
once from green algae
✅✅
In what type of environments have plants adapted to be carnivorous -
-Nutrient poor environments
✅✅
Is development of a biotic community faster in primary succession or
secondary succession. - -Secondary succession
✅✅
Is development of a biotic community faster in secondary succession or
primary succession? - -Secondary succession
Is the gametophyte phase haploid or diploid? - ✅✅-haploid. and it is made
through meiosis
Is the sporophyte phase haploid or diploid? - ✅✅-diploid and made through
fertilization
✅✅
Knows parts of phylogenetic tree: Node, branch, lineage, root "basal", species
of interest, split. - -look at picture
Modified stems, Modified leaves, trichomes, leaf margin, and extension of the
✅✅
epidermis is an example of what type of herbivory resistance -
-Structural defense
