ANSC 201 Exam 1
How has the Value of the Horse changed over time? - ANS-Historically, horses were of
huge importance in the transportation, agriculture, and warfare industries. Today, horses
are utilized more for athleticism and companionship.
Which state leads the nation in total number of horses? - ANS-Texas
Horse numbers peaked in_________________, and declined rapidly after due to
the___________________ ________________________. - ANS-1. 1910-1920
2. Industrial Revolution
What is the current population of horses in the U.S? - ANS-About 9.2 million
Horses are used primarily for...? - ANS-Recreation
Describe the Thoroughbred and why it has the heaviest impact economically. - ANS-1.
They're a foundation breed.
2. Developed in England and about 90% of them can be traced back to one horse
named Eclipse.
3. Developed for racing because of their tall, long, and lean legs.
4. $8.4 billion directly come from racing.
Describe the American Quarter Horse and what their greatest impact is economically. -
ANS-1. Developed as sprinters because they are the fastest horse at 1/4 of a mile.
2. Speed, agility, heavy muscled, quiet temperament.
3. One of the most versatile breeds.
4. Most prevalent in the U.S.
5. Greatest impact from Showing.
What serves as the basis for horse identification? - ANS-Color and color pattern
What are the 7 types of head marks? - ANS-1. Irregular star
2. Snip
3. Narrow stripe
4. Star and connected narrow stripe
5. Star and connected snip
6. Bald face
7. Chin spot
,What are the 11 types of leg marks? - ANS-1. Coronet
2. Half pastern
3. Pastern
4. Pastern and part of ankle
5. Ankle
6. White to above ankle
7. Half stocking
8. Three-quarters stocking
9. Full stocking
10. Heel
11. Outside of heel
Black Horse - ANS-Uniform black color on body, mane and tail.
- "jet black": only if color doesn't fade after being in sun.
- "blackish bay": fades
Bay Horse - ANS-Black mane and tail, black points (below knees and hocks, muzzle,
tips on ears), and reddish body.
- "blood bay": dark reddish
- Basic color is black, but black color restricted to the mane, tail, and peripheral parts of
body.
- Some have zebra markings
Seal-Brown Horse - ANS-Brown hairs located in flank areas, on muzzle, under eyes,
and on tips of ears.
- "brown": lighter colored body area
Chestnut and Sorrel Horse - ANS-Skin color is black or brown and hairs are red.
- "sorrel": lighter colored
- "chestnut": darker colored
- "liver chestnut": very dark red chestnut
White Horse - ANS-Born and remain white whole life; pure white hair, pink skin, and
blue eyes.
- "cremello": modification of basic chestnut; off-white or cream-colored body and blue
eyes.
- "perlino": modification of black; off-white or pearl-white color; mane and tail are light
rust color.
, Grulla Horse - ANS-Black manes, tails and peripheral parts except the body is a dilution
of the black hairs on body to a sooty black.
Dun and Buckskin Horse - ANS-Modifications of bay; black mane, tail and legs. May or
may not have dark stripe down back, shoulders, and across forearm.
- "buckskin": modification of light bay; light yellow body.
- "dun": modification of dark bay; dingy yellow; mane and tail may not be as black in
some.
Palomino Horse - ANS-Yellow body color and a lighter mane and tail which may be
almost white or flaxen.
Gray Horse - ANS-White hairs mingled with hairs of the basic color.
- "iron": black horse with gray gene that has higher proportion of black hairs than white.
- "Red grays": modifications of the bay pattern.
- "Chestnut grays": modifications of sorrel and chestnut colors.
Roan Horse - ANS-Mix of white and colored hairs; present at birth and doesn't change
when horse gets older.
- "blue roan": mix of white and black hairs.
- "red roan": roan pattern superimposed on the basic bay pattern.
- "strawberry roan": sorrel or chestnut horses with white hair mixed in with colored hair.
Paint and Pinto Horse - ANS-Four color patterns; main distinguishing character is white
spotting.
- "tobiano": white spotting crosses over top of horse's back and extends downward.
- "overo": white extends from the body and legs toward the back.
- "prebald": black pigmented skin and coat color.
- "skewbald": brown pigmented horses
Appaloosa Horse - ANS-Variety of spotting patterns, but must meet 3 min requirements
if NOT spotted: 1) mottling of the skin, 2) striped hooves, and 3) unpigmented sclera.
- Mottled or particolored skin appears particularly on the nostrils, muzzle and genitalia.
- Striped hooves have alternate vertical stripes of white (unpigmented) and dark
(pigmented) colors.
Leopard Pattern - ANS-White coat with dark spots scattered over horse's body.
Blanket Pattern - ANS-White blanket, usually containing dark spots, crosses over the
horse's croup, loin, and/or back.
How has the Value of the Horse changed over time? - ANS-Historically, horses were of
huge importance in the transportation, agriculture, and warfare industries. Today, horses
are utilized more for athleticism and companionship.
Which state leads the nation in total number of horses? - ANS-Texas
Horse numbers peaked in_________________, and declined rapidly after due to
the___________________ ________________________. - ANS-1. 1910-1920
2. Industrial Revolution
What is the current population of horses in the U.S? - ANS-About 9.2 million
Horses are used primarily for...? - ANS-Recreation
Describe the Thoroughbred and why it has the heaviest impact economically. - ANS-1.
They're a foundation breed.
2. Developed in England and about 90% of them can be traced back to one horse
named Eclipse.
3. Developed for racing because of their tall, long, and lean legs.
4. $8.4 billion directly come from racing.
Describe the American Quarter Horse and what their greatest impact is economically. -
ANS-1. Developed as sprinters because they are the fastest horse at 1/4 of a mile.
2. Speed, agility, heavy muscled, quiet temperament.
3. One of the most versatile breeds.
4. Most prevalent in the U.S.
5. Greatest impact from Showing.
What serves as the basis for horse identification? - ANS-Color and color pattern
What are the 7 types of head marks? - ANS-1. Irregular star
2. Snip
3. Narrow stripe
4. Star and connected narrow stripe
5. Star and connected snip
6. Bald face
7. Chin spot
,What are the 11 types of leg marks? - ANS-1. Coronet
2. Half pastern
3. Pastern
4. Pastern and part of ankle
5. Ankle
6. White to above ankle
7. Half stocking
8. Three-quarters stocking
9. Full stocking
10. Heel
11. Outside of heel
Black Horse - ANS-Uniform black color on body, mane and tail.
- "jet black": only if color doesn't fade after being in sun.
- "blackish bay": fades
Bay Horse - ANS-Black mane and tail, black points (below knees and hocks, muzzle,
tips on ears), and reddish body.
- "blood bay": dark reddish
- Basic color is black, but black color restricted to the mane, tail, and peripheral parts of
body.
- Some have zebra markings
Seal-Brown Horse - ANS-Brown hairs located in flank areas, on muzzle, under eyes,
and on tips of ears.
- "brown": lighter colored body area
Chestnut and Sorrel Horse - ANS-Skin color is black or brown and hairs are red.
- "sorrel": lighter colored
- "chestnut": darker colored
- "liver chestnut": very dark red chestnut
White Horse - ANS-Born and remain white whole life; pure white hair, pink skin, and
blue eyes.
- "cremello": modification of basic chestnut; off-white or cream-colored body and blue
eyes.
- "perlino": modification of black; off-white or pearl-white color; mane and tail are light
rust color.
, Grulla Horse - ANS-Black manes, tails and peripheral parts except the body is a dilution
of the black hairs on body to a sooty black.
Dun and Buckskin Horse - ANS-Modifications of bay; black mane, tail and legs. May or
may not have dark stripe down back, shoulders, and across forearm.
- "buckskin": modification of light bay; light yellow body.
- "dun": modification of dark bay; dingy yellow; mane and tail may not be as black in
some.
Palomino Horse - ANS-Yellow body color and a lighter mane and tail which may be
almost white or flaxen.
Gray Horse - ANS-White hairs mingled with hairs of the basic color.
- "iron": black horse with gray gene that has higher proportion of black hairs than white.
- "Red grays": modifications of the bay pattern.
- "Chestnut grays": modifications of sorrel and chestnut colors.
Roan Horse - ANS-Mix of white and colored hairs; present at birth and doesn't change
when horse gets older.
- "blue roan": mix of white and black hairs.
- "red roan": roan pattern superimposed on the basic bay pattern.
- "strawberry roan": sorrel or chestnut horses with white hair mixed in with colored hair.
Paint and Pinto Horse - ANS-Four color patterns; main distinguishing character is white
spotting.
- "tobiano": white spotting crosses over top of horse's back and extends downward.
- "overo": white extends from the body and legs toward the back.
- "prebald": black pigmented skin and coat color.
- "skewbald": brown pigmented horses
Appaloosa Horse - ANS-Variety of spotting patterns, but must meet 3 min requirements
if NOT spotted: 1) mottling of the skin, 2) striped hooves, and 3) unpigmented sclera.
- Mottled or particolored skin appears particularly on the nostrils, muzzle and genitalia.
- Striped hooves have alternate vertical stripes of white (unpigmented) and dark
(pigmented) colors.
Leopard Pattern - ANS-White coat with dark spots scattered over horse's body.
Blanket Pattern - ANS-White blanket, usually containing dark spots, crosses over the
horse's croup, loin, and/or back.
