BHAN 155 Exam 1
7 Categories of Drugs - ✅✅-1.Stimulants
2.Cannabis
3.Narcotics (Opioids)
4.Depressants
5.Hallucinogens
6.Inhalants
7.Anabolic Steroids
A New Focus on Health Promotion - ✅✅ -Lessen Health Disparities
•Differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases
among specific population groups
Increase Health Promotion
•Assists individuals and groups in making positive behavior modifications
Risk Behaviors
•Actions that increase the susceptibility to negative health outcomes. What
personal risk behaviors would/should you change?
Addiction -✅✅ -•Defined as continued involvement with a substance or activity
despite its ongoing negative consequences.
•When the individual eventually needs to consume the addictive substance or
enact the behavior to feel normal.
Ailments Related to Stress - ✅✅ -Heart disease; diabetes; cancers; headaches;
ulcers; low back pain; depression; common cold; increases in rates of suicide,
homicide, and domestic violence
Antagonism - ✅✅ -•Work at same receptor
•Inhibition—the effects of one drug are eliminated or reduced by the presence of
another drug •Example: Alcohol and antibiotics
Barbiturates - ✅✅-•Have largely been replaced by benzodiazepines (less safe)
, •Amytal and Seconal-Are sedative-hypnotic drugs (sedative: promotes mental
calmness; hypnotic: promotes sleep/drowsiness)-Synergistic effect when
combined with alcohol, can lead to respiratory failure and death
Benzodiazepines - ✅✅ -•Prescribed for tension, muscular strain, sleep
problems, anxiety, panic attacks, alcohol withdrawal
•Valium, Ativan, Xanax
Biopsychosocial Model - ✅✅ -•There is a mind-body connection in which
biological, psychological, and social factors interact to influence health or illness.
•Psychological state has a significant effect on physical health: stress,
depression, and anxiety.
Bipolar Disorder - ✅✅ -•Alternating episodes of mania (highs)anddepression
(lows)
•Biological, genetic, and environmental factors may be causative.
•Drugs, stress, and traumatic events can trigger episodes.
Caffiene -✅✅ -•Most popular and widely consumed drug in the United States
•Enhance mental alertness and reduce feelings of fatigue
•Side effects include wakefulness, insomnia, irregular heartbeat, dizziness,
nausea, indigestion, mild delirium, and heartburn
•Caffeine meets the requirements for addiction: tolerance, psychological
dependence, and withdrawal symptoms
Causes of Depression - ✅✅ -•Interaction between biology, learned behavioral
responses, cognitive factors, environment, situational triggers, stressors and
neurotransmitters.
•Low self-esteem, undergoing a serious loss, a difficult relationship, financial
problems, and facing various types of pressure.
•Physical changes, including stroke, heart disease, cancer, chronic pain, diabetes
can lead to depression.
Chronic Mood Disorders - ✅✅-Affect how you feel, such as persistent sadness
or feelings of euphoria
•Major depression disorder
•Dysthymic disorder
7 Categories of Drugs - ✅✅-1.Stimulants
2.Cannabis
3.Narcotics (Opioids)
4.Depressants
5.Hallucinogens
6.Inhalants
7.Anabolic Steroids
A New Focus on Health Promotion - ✅✅ -Lessen Health Disparities
•Differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases
among specific population groups
Increase Health Promotion
•Assists individuals and groups in making positive behavior modifications
Risk Behaviors
•Actions that increase the susceptibility to negative health outcomes. What
personal risk behaviors would/should you change?
Addiction -✅✅ -•Defined as continued involvement with a substance or activity
despite its ongoing negative consequences.
•When the individual eventually needs to consume the addictive substance or
enact the behavior to feel normal.
Ailments Related to Stress - ✅✅ -Heart disease; diabetes; cancers; headaches;
ulcers; low back pain; depression; common cold; increases in rates of suicide,
homicide, and domestic violence
Antagonism - ✅✅ -•Work at same receptor
•Inhibition—the effects of one drug are eliminated or reduced by the presence of
another drug •Example: Alcohol and antibiotics
Barbiturates - ✅✅-•Have largely been replaced by benzodiazepines (less safe)
, •Amytal and Seconal-Are sedative-hypnotic drugs (sedative: promotes mental
calmness; hypnotic: promotes sleep/drowsiness)-Synergistic effect when
combined with alcohol, can lead to respiratory failure and death
Benzodiazepines - ✅✅ -•Prescribed for tension, muscular strain, sleep
problems, anxiety, panic attacks, alcohol withdrawal
•Valium, Ativan, Xanax
Biopsychosocial Model - ✅✅ -•There is a mind-body connection in which
biological, psychological, and social factors interact to influence health or illness.
•Psychological state has a significant effect on physical health: stress,
depression, and anxiety.
Bipolar Disorder - ✅✅ -•Alternating episodes of mania (highs)anddepression
(lows)
•Biological, genetic, and environmental factors may be causative.
•Drugs, stress, and traumatic events can trigger episodes.
Caffiene -✅✅ -•Most popular and widely consumed drug in the United States
•Enhance mental alertness and reduce feelings of fatigue
•Side effects include wakefulness, insomnia, irregular heartbeat, dizziness,
nausea, indigestion, mild delirium, and heartburn
•Caffeine meets the requirements for addiction: tolerance, psychological
dependence, and withdrawal symptoms
Causes of Depression - ✅✅ -•Interaction between biology, learned behavioral
responses, cognitive factors, environment, situational triggers, stressors and
neurotransmitters.
•Low self-esteem, undergoing a serious loss, a difficult relationship, financial
problems, and facing various types of pressure.
•Physical changes, including stroke, heart disease, cancer, chronic pain, diabetes
can lead to depression.
Chronic Mood Disorders - ✅✅-Affect how you feel, such as persistent sadness
or feelings of euphoria
•Major depression disorder
•Dysthymic disorder
