KIN 155 Exam 1
1st law of thermodynamics - ✅✅ --whatever goes in calorie-wise needs to go
somewhere
-the energy is either expended or it goes into storage
-examples of expended energy: resting metabolic rate, PA, exercise
5 benefits of exercise -✅✅ -Improvement in CV function
Decreased morbidity/mortality
Improved cognitive function
Decreased anxiety/depression
Reduction in CVD risk factors
5 health-related physical fitness components - ✅✅-Body composition
Flexibility
Muscular strength
Muscular endurance
Cardiorespiratory endurance
Bob has recently started an exercise program. He runs for 30min (expends about
250kcal) at a moderate intensity. His daily caloric intake is 2,000 kcal. His resting
✅✅
metabolic rate and physical activity are ~1,500kcal. Over 4 weeks, will Bob gain
or lose weight? Explain in detail. - -Bob will gain weight
-storing 250/day
-he can eat less & work out more
-he can increase PA (take stairs, walking 15-20mins)
-he can apply overload principle (increase time, intensity, frequency)
Bob wants to determine his relative VO2 and be able to compare his number with
his friend Johnny. Bob weighs 75kg and at testing his absolute VO2max is
✅✅
4L/min. Johnny weighs 65kg and has an absolute VO2max of 4L/min. Who is
more fit and why? How can they improve their VO2max? - --Bob weighs
20-25 lbs more than Johnny
-Need to turn absolute VO2 to relative VO2 (ml/kg/min)
-Convert liters into milileters (4L = 4000 ml)
-Divide that by his body weight (4000/75 = 53 ml/kg/min)
-Do the same with Johnny (4000/65 = 62 ml/kg/min)
, -Johnny is more cardiorespiratory fit than Bob
-Bob needs to work on his cardio in order to improve his VO2 max
Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. How are they linked
✅✅
together? Include the site where they occur within the cell, the site of possible
fuels utilized, and the fuels that can be used for each. - -Linked together
with lactate
Anaerobic- occurs in cytosol
-Oxygen is not involved
-Fast
-Fuels- glucose/glycogen
-Working at high intensity requiring lg amount of ATP (anaerobic state)
Aerobic- occurs in mitochondria
-Oxygen is involved
-Fuels- fats, proteins, carbohydrates
-Regulator depends on the amount of ATP that we need at the time
-Lower intensity, need more ATP over long period of time (aerobic state_
Compare and contrast blood glucose following a meal, during a fasting state, and
✅✅
during exercise. What happens during each state in terms of sources for
glucose? Include where glucose is being utilized/shunted. - -Following a
meal- high blood glucose
-Ate within last 2 hrs, should be above 100
-Spike in insulin (helps to put things into storage)
-Bulk of glucose going to replenish whatever glucose that you've used if you've
worked out
-Glucose also going to storage so you can go a few hrs before you need to eat
again (Can be released from storage if your glucose gets too low)
Fasting state- low blood glucose
-Might feel shaky, nausea, headache, cranky, etc...
-Still have a functioning blood glucose
-Glucose is coming from storage to maintain heart & brain and some skeletal
muscle activity and other organs
-Fuels- utilizing fats, proteins, amino acids (we want to conserve muscle glucose
& glycogen)
1st law of thermodynamics - ✅✅ --whatever goes in calorie-wise needs to go
somewhere
-the energy is either expended or it goes into storage
-examples of expended energy: resting metabolic rate, PA, exercise
5 benefits of exercise -✅✅ -Improvement in CV function
Decreased morbidity/mortality
Improved cognitive function
Decreased anxiety/depression
Reduction in CVD risk factors
5 health-related physical fitness components - ✅✅-Body composition
Flexibility
Muscular strength
Muscular endurance
Cardiorespiratory endurance
Bob has recently started an exercise program. He runs for 30min (expends about
250kcal) at a moderate intensity. His daily caloric intake is 2,000 kcal. His resting
✅✅
metabolic rate and physical activity are ~1,500kcal. Over 4 weeks, will Bob gain
or lose weight? Explain in detail. - -Bob will gain weight
-storing 250/day
-he can eat less & work out more
-he can increase PA (take stairs, walking 15-20mins)
-he can apply overload principle (increase time, intensity, frequency)
Bob wants to determine his relative VO2 and be able to compare his number with
his friend Johnny. Bob weighs 75kg and at testing his absolute VO2max is
✅✅
4L/min. Johnny weighs 65kg and has an absolute VO2max of 4L/min. Who is
more fit and why? How can they improve their VO2max? - --Bob weighs
20-25 lbs more than Johnny
-Need to turn absolute VO2 to relative VO2 (ml/kg/min)
-Convert liters into milileters (4L = 4000 ml)
-Divide that by his body weight (4000/75 = 53 ml/kg/min)
-Do the same with Johnny (4000/65 = 62 ml/kg/min)
, -Johnny is more cardiorespiratory fit than Bob
-Bob needs to work on his cardio in order to improve his VO2 max
Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. How are they linked
✅✅
together? Include the site where they occur within the cell, the site of possible
fuels utilized, and the fuels that can be used for each. - -Linked together
with lactate
Anaerobic- occurs in cytosol
-Oxygen is not involved
-Fast
-Fuels- glucose/glycogen
-Working at high intensity requiring lg amount of ATP (anaerobic state)
Aerobic- occurs in mitochondria
-Oxygen is involved
-Fuels- fats, proteins, carbohydrates
-Regulator depends on the amount of ATP that we need at the time
-Lower intensity, need more ATP over long period of time (aerobic state_
Compare and contrast blood glucose following a meal, during a fasting state, and
✅✅
during exercise. What happens during each state in terms of sources for
glucose? Include where glucose is being utilized/shunted. - -Following a
meal- high blood glucose
-Ate within last 2 hrs, should be above 100
-Spike in insulin (helps to put things into storage)
-Bulk of glucose going to replenish whatever glucose that you've used if you've
worked out
-Glucose also going to storage so you can go a few hrs before you need to eat
again (Can be released from storage if your glucose gets too low)
Fasting state- low blood glucose
-Might feel shaky, nausea, headache, cranky, etc...
-Still have a functioning blood glucose
-Glucose is coming from storage to maintain heart & brain and some skeletal
muscle activity and other organs
-Fuels- utilizing fats, proteins, amino acids (we want to conserve muscle glucose
& glycogen)
