ANSC 333 exam 1
three hormone classes - ANS-peptides
eicosanoids
steroids
examples of peptide hormones - ANS-GnRH
LH
FSH
examples of eicosanoid hormones - ANS-PGF2α
examples of steroid hormones - ANS-estrogen
testosterone
cortisol
P450 complex - ANS-subset of enzymes that produce steroids
endocrine - ANS-cell produces hormones that travels through the blood to act on target
tissue
target tissue - ANS-organs that respond to specific set of stimuli or hormone
examples of endocrine hormones - ANS-FSH
LH
progesterone
testosterone
estradiol
examples of neuroendocrine hormones - ANS-GnRH
neuroendocrine - ANS-neurons produce hormone that travels through blood to act on
target tissue
paracrine - ANS-cell produces hormone to act on adjacent tissue (no blood travel)
examples of paracrine hormones - ANS-estradiol
testosterone
PGF-2α
, autocrine - ANS-cell produces hormone to act locally on self
ligand - ANS-cell that binds to receptor
half-life - ANS-time required for one-half of a hormone to disappear from the blood/body
protein hormone signaling - ANS-"rapid"
1. bind plasma membrane receptor
2. activate adenylate cyclase
3. convert ATP to cAMP
4. cAMP activates protein kinase
5. synthesis of new products
steroid hormone signaling - ANS-"slow"
1. steroid transport through blood
2. movement through cell membrane and cytoplasm
3. steroid binds nuclear receptor
4. initiate mRNA and protein synthesis
negative feedback - ANS-increase A → decrease B
examples of negative feedback - ANS-progesterone → ↓ GnRH
testosterone → ↓ GnRH
inhibin → ↓ FSH
positive feedback - ANS-increase A → increase B
examples of positive feedback - ANS-estradiol → ↑ GnRH
agonist - ANS-analogs that bind specific receptor with high affinity and PROMOTE
greater physiological activity
antagonist - ANS-analogs that bind specific receptor with high affinity and INTERFERE
with physiological activity
sexual determination - ANS-early sexualizing that depends on the expression of genes
that program the formation of ovary or testis
heterogametic vs homogametic in mammals - ANS-male XY (hetero)
three hormone classes - ANS-peptides
eicosanoids
steroids
examples of peptide hormones - ANS-GnRH
LH
FSH
examples of eicosanoid hormones - ANS-PGF2α
examples of steroid hormones - ANS-estrogen
testosterone
cortisol
P450 complex - ANS-subset of enzymes that produce steroids
endocrine - ANS-cell produces hormones that travels through the blood to act on target
tissue
target tissue - ANS-organs that respond to specific set of stimuli or hormone
examples of endocrine hormones - ANS-FSH
LH
progesterone
testosterone
estradiol
examples of neuroendocrine hormones - ANS-GnRH
neuroendocrine - ANS-neurons produce hormone that travels through blood to act on
target tissue
paracrine - ANS-cell produces hormone to act on adjacent tissue (no blood travel)
examples of paracrine hormones - ANS-estradiol
testosterone
PGF-2α
, autocrine - ANS-cell produces hormone to act locally on self
ligand - ANS-cell that binds to receptor
half-life - ANS-time required for one-half of a hormone to disappear from the blood/body
protein hormone signaling - ANS-"rapid"
1. bind plasma membrane receptor
2. activate adenylate cyclase
3. convert ATP to cAMP
4. cAMP activates protein kinase
5. synthesis of new products
steroid hormone signaling - ANS-"slow"
1. steroid transport through blood
2. movement through cell membrane and cytoplasm
3. steroid binds nuclear receptor
4. initiate mRNA and protein synthesis
negative feedback - ANS-increase A → decrease B
examples of negative feedback - ANS-progesterone → ↓ GnRH
testosterone → ↓ GnRH
inhibin → ↓ FSH
positive feedback - ANS-increase A → increase B
examples of positive feedback - ANS-estradiol → ↑ GnRH
agonist - ANS-analogs that bind specific receptor with high affinity and PROMOTE
greater physiological activity
antagonist - ANS-analogs that bind specific receptor with high affinity and INTERFERE
with physiological activity
sexual determination - ANS-early sexualizing that depends on the expression of genes
that program the formation of ovary or testis
heterogametic vs homogametic in mammals - ANS-male XY (hetero)
