ANSC 333 Purdue Exam 1
What is embryo-genesis? - ANS-various cells form organs that differentiate from
discrete layers that make up the embryo
What is differentiation? - ANS-Process of a group of unspecialized cells develop into a
functional, recognizable group of cells with a common function
What are the three primary embryonic germ layers? - ANS-Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm
What does the endoderm develop in to? - ANS-The digestive system, the lungs, and the
endocrine system
What does the mesoderm develop into? - ANS-Muscles, skeleton, cardiovascular
system, and reproductive system
What does the ectoderm develop into? - ANS-The nervous system, skin, and hair
List the Stages of Sexual Differentiation - ANS-1. Development of the indifferent gonad
2. Differentiation of the gonad
3. Differentiation of the internal genital organs
4. Differentiation of the external genital organs
5. Development of secondary sex characteristics (during puberty)
What is considered the intermediate kidney? - ANS-Mesonephrous
What develops functional nephrons and forms a functional kidney? -
ANS-Metanepheous (Metanephric Kidney)
T/F The metanephric and paramesonephric duct develop at different times? -
ANS-False, they develop at the same time
Where do the primordial germ cells originate? - ANS-Yolk sac, the migrate towards the
gonadal ridge
What do the primordial germ cells develop into? - ANS-Either the spermatogonial stem
cells or egg nest
, How does differentiation of the gonad begin in males? - ANS-The mesonephric duct
becomes the epididymis and the vas deferens. The paramesonephric duct degenerates
How does differentiation of the gonad begin in females? - ANS-The mesonephric duct
degenerates and the paramesonephric duct forms the uterus, oviduct, and the
infundibulum
What is AMH and what does it do? - ANS-anti-mullerian hormone causes the
paramesonephric duct to degenerate.
What does Sertoli cells secrete? - ANS-AMH and dihydrotestosterone
What is testosterone produced by? - ANS-Leydig cells
What is the protein that causes differentiation to male? Where is this protein located? -
ANS-The SRY Protein located on the Y chromosome
What happens during stage 1 development of the testes? - ANS--the undifferentiated
sex chords begin to align themselves with the small rete tubules
-the surface of the indifferentiated gonad is covered with the tunica albuginea
What happens during stage 2 development of the testes? - ANS--the rete tubules are
connected tot he mesonephric tubules
-sex chords are developing into epithelial cords to become seminiferous tubules
-paramesonephric duct is degenerating
What happens during stage 3 developmement of the testes? - ANS--Epithelial cords are
now the seminiferous tubules
-there is continuity between rete testes and efferent ducts
-mesonephric duct is forming the epididymis and vas deferens
-paramesonephric duct is gone
Stage 1 of Ovary Development - ANS--paramesonephric duct and mesonephric duct
are still intact
-the coelomic epithelium will develop into the ovarian cortex
-the remnants of the mesonephric tubules do not make contact with the rete tubules
Stage 2 of Ovary Development - ANS--rete tubules disappear
-the paramesonephric duct continues to develop and enlarge
What is embryo-genesis? - ANS-various cells form organs that differentiate from
discrete layers that make up the embryo
What is differentiation? - ANS-Process of a group of unspecialized cells develop into a
functional, recognizable group of cells with a common function
What are the three primary embryonic germ layers? - ANS-Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm
What does the endoderm develop in to? - ANS-The digestive system, the lungs, and the
endocrine system
What does the mesoderm develop into? - ANS-Muscles, skeleton, cardiovascular
system, and reproductive system
What does the ectoderm develop into? - ANS-The nervous system, skin, and hair
List the Stages of Sexual Differentiation - ANS-1. Development of the indifferent gonad
2. Differentiation of the gonad
3. Differentiation of the internal genital organs
4. Differentiation of the external genital organs
5. Development of secondary sex characteristics (during puberty)
What is considered the intermediate kidney? - ANS-Mesonephrous
What develops functional nephrons and forms a functional kidney? -
ANS-Metanepheous (Metanephric Kidney)
T/F The metanephric and paramesonephric duct develop at different times? -
ANS-False, they develop at the same time
Where do the primordial germ cells originate? - ANS-Yolk sac, the migrate towards the
gonadal ridge
What do the primordial germ cells develop into? - ANS-Either the spermatogonial stem
cells or egg nest
, How does differentiation of the gonad begin in males? - ANS-The mesonephric duct
becomes the epididymis and the vas deferens. The paramesonephric duct degenerates
How does differentiation of the gonad begin in females? - ANS-The mesonephric duct
degenerates and the paramesonephric duct forms the uterus, oviduct, and the
infundibulum
What is AMH and what does it do? - ANS-anti-mullerian hormone causes the
paramesonephric duct to degenerate.
What does Sertoli cells secrete? - ANS-AMH and dihydrotestosterone
What is testosterone produced by? - ANS-Leydig cells
What is the protein that causes differentiation to male? Where is this protein located? -
ANS-The SRY Protein located on the Y chromosome
What happens during stage 1 development of the testes? - ANS--the undifferentiated
sex chords begin to align themselves with the small rete tubules
-the surface of the indifferentiated gonad is covered with the tunica albuginea
What happens during stage 2 development of the testes? - ANS--the rete tubules are
connected tot he mesonephric tubules
-sex chords are developing into epithelial cords to become seminiferous tubules
-paramesonephric duct is degenerating
What happens during stage 3 developmement of the testes? - ANS--Epithelial cords are
now the seminiferous tubules
-there is continuity between rete testes and efferent ducts
-mesonephric duct is forming the epididymis and vas deferens
-paramesonephric duct is gone
Stage 1 of Ovary Development - ANS--paramesonephric duct and mesonephric duct
are still intact
-the coelomic epithelium will develop into the ovarian cortex
-the remnants of the mesonephric tubules do not make contact with the rete tubules
Stage 2 of Ovary Development - ANS--rete tubules disappear
-the paramesonephric duct continues to develop and enlarge
