Microbiology Chapter 1 Questions And Answers Latest.

Microbiology Chapter 1 Questions And Answers Latest. Microorganisms a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Organisms athat aare atoo asmall ato abe aseen awith athe aunaided aeye Germ a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Rapidly agrowing acell Pathogenic a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Disease-causing What aare asome agood athings athat amicrobes ado? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.1. aDecompose aorganic awaste a(Without athem awe'd ahave atoo amuch awaste) 2. aThey aare aproducers ain athe aecosystem aby aphotosynthesis 3. aThey aproduce aindustrial achemicals asuch aas aethanol aand aacetone 4. aProduce afermented afoods asuch aas avinegar, acheese, aand abread. 5. aProduce aproducts aused ain amanufacturing aand atreatment a(insulin) 6. aCreate aDesigner aJeans What adoes athe aknowledge aof amicroorganisms aallow ahumans ato ado? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.1. aPrevent afood aspoilage 2. aPrevent adisease aoccurrence a(prevention aby aunderstanding athem) 3. aLed ato aaseptic atechniques ato aprevent acontamination ain ameds aand ain alabs What aare aaseptic atechniques? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Techniques athat akeeps athing asterile aand aavoids across acontamination ato aprevent aspread Who aestablished athe asystem aof ascientific anomenclature? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Linnaeus Each aorganism ahas atwo anames, awhat aare athese atwo anames acalled? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.The aGenus aand athe aSpecies a(aka aspecific aepithet) How ado ascientific anames adiffer afrom aother anames? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Scientific anames aare aitalicized aor aunderlined. aAlso, athe agenus ais acapitalized awhich athe aspecies ais alower acase. a(Ex. aE.coli) aScientific anames aare alatinized aand aused aworldwide aand acan abe avery adescriptive aor athey acan ahonor aa ascientist. What ais aEscherichia acoli aand ahow adid ait aget athat aname? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Escherichia acoli ais aalso aknown aas aE.coli. aE.coli ahonors athe adiscoverer, aTheodor aEscherich, aand adescribes athe ahabitat aof athe aE.coli awhich ais ain athe alarge aintestine aor acolon a(coli). What ais aStaphylococcus aaureus aand ahow adid ait aget athat aname? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Staphylococcus aaureus adescribes athe aarrangement aof athe abacterium awhich ais: aclustered a(staphylo) aspperical a(cocci) acells, aAlong awith athe agold acolor aof athe abacterium's acolonies a(aureus). How aare ascientific anames aused awhen awriting aa apaper aor aa alab areport? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.After athe afirst ause, ascientific anames amay abe aabbreviated awith athe afirst aletter aof athe agenus aand athe aspecific aepithet. What aare asome atypes aof amicroorganisms? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.1. aBacteria 2. aArchaea 3. aFungi 4. aProtozoa 5. aAlgae 6. aViruses 7. aMulticellular aanimal aparasites *Refer ato apictures ain abook Bacteria a- a a a acorrect aanswer.-Prokaryotic a(No anucleus) -Peptidoglycan acell awalls -Binary aFission -For aenergy athey ause aorganic achemicals, ainorganic achemicals, aand aalso aoccasionally aphotosynthesis. Archaea a- a a a acorrect aanswer.-Prokaryotic a(No anucleus) -Lack aPeptidoglycan -Live ain aextreme aenvironments a -Examples: aMethanogens, a(live ain ahigh aconc. aof amethane) aExtreme aHalophiles a(love asalt), aand aExtreme athermophiles a(love aheat) Fungi a- a a a acorrect aanswer.-Eukaryotes -Chitin aCell aWalls -Use aOrganic aChemicals afor aenergy -Molds aand aMushrooms Are amolds aand amushrooms aunicellular aor amulticellular? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.They aare amulticellular aand athey aconsist aof amasses aof amycelia, awhich aare acomposed aof afilaments acalled ahyphae. Are aYeasts aunicellular aor amulticellular? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Unicellular Protozoa a- a a a acorrect aanswer.-Eukaryotes -Absorb aor aingest aorganic achemicals aand athe ashape achanges adepending aon aparticle agoing ato abe aabsorbed May abe amotile avia apseudopods, acilia, aor aflagella -Example: aAmeoba Algae a- a a a acorrect aanswer.-Eukaryotes -Cellulose acell awalls -Use aphotosynthesis afor aenergy -Produces amolecular aoxygen aand aorganic acompounds Viruses a- a a a acorrect aanswer.-Acellular -Consist aof aDNA aor aRNA acore -The acore ais asurrounded aby aa aprotein acoat -Viruses aare areplicated aonly awhen athey aare ain aa aliving ahost acell, athey acannot areproduce aby athemselves Multicellular aAnimal aParasites a- a a a acorrect aanswer.-Eukaryotes -Multicellular aanimals -Microscopic astages ain alife acycles What aare aparasitic aflatworms aand aroundworms acalled? a- a a a acorrect nths What aare athe athree adomains ain athe aclassification aof amicroorganisms? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Which adomain ais athe aonly adomain athat ais afurther asubdivided ainto akingdoms? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.The aEukarya: -Protists -Fungi -Plants -Animals What awas athe afirst alife aon aearth? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Ancestors aof abacteria awere athe afirst alife aon aEarth When awere athe afirst amicrobes aobserved? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.1673 What awas aRobert aHook's afirst aobservation aof acells? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.He areported athat aliving athings awere acomposed aof alittle aboxes, aor acells Who adiscovered athat acells aarise afrom apreexisting acells? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.In a1858, arudolf aVirchow asaid athis Cell aTheory a- a a a acorrect aanswer.All aliving athings aare acomposed aof acells aand acome afrom apreexisting acells. Who awas athe afirst aperson ato adiscover alive amicroorganisms? a- a a a acorrect aanswer. aAnton avan aLeeuwenhoek Spontaneous ageneration a- a a a acorrect aanswer.The ahypothesis athat aliving aorganisms aarise afrom anonliving amaterial; aa a"vital aforce" aforms alife. Biogenesis a- a a a acorrect aanswer.The ahypothesis athat athey aliving aorganisms aarise afrom apreexisting alife. The aTheory aof aBiogenesis a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Pasteur's aS-shaped aflask akept amicrobes aout abut alet aair ain. In a1861, awhat adid aLouis aPasteur ademonstrate? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.That amicroorganisms awere apresent ain athe aair. What awas athe aGolden aAge aof aMicrobiology a- a a a acorrect aanswer. aBeginning awith aPasteur's awork, adiscoveries aincluded athe arelationship abetween amicrobes aand adisease, aimmunity, aand aantimicrobial adrugs. Fermentation a- a a a acorrect aanswer.The aconversion aof asugar ato aalcohol ato amake abeer aand awine Microbial agrowth ais aalso aresponsible afor athe aspoilage aof afood: aTrue aor aFalse a- a a a acorrect aanswer.True What adid aPasteur ademonstrate aabout akilling abacteria athat aspoiled afood? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.It acould abe akilled aby aheat athat awas anot ahot aenough ato aevaporate athe aalcohol ain awine. a(Pasteurization) Pasteurization a- a a a acorrect aanswer.The aapplication aof aa ahigh aheat afor aa ashort atime ato asterilize aand akill aof athe amicroorganisms. How awas athe afirst avaccination adiscovered? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.In a1796, aEdward aJenner ainoculated aa aperson awith acowpox avirus, awho awas athen aprotected afrom asmall apox. Where adoes athe aword a"Vaccination" acome afrom? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.It ais aderived afrom a"vacca," awhich ameans a"cow" What ais aprotection aagainst adisease acalled? a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Immunity Chemotherapy a- a a a acorrect aanswer.Treatment awith achemicals