HESI A2 Chemistry Updated for 2024-Graded
A+
scientific notation
the scientific system of writing numbers
-composted of 3 parts: mathematical sign, the significand, and the exponential/logarithm
mathematical sign
designates whether the number is positive or negative (+/-)
significand
the base value of the number or the value of the number when all the values of ten are removed
exponential/logarithm
a multiplier of the significand in powers of 10. a positive exponential multiplies the significand by
factors of 10. a negative exponential multiplies the significand my factors of 1/10
tera
T-, 10^12, 1 trillion times
giga
G-, 10^9, 1 billion times
mega
M-, 10^6, 1 million times
kilo
k-, 10^3, 1 thousand times
hecto
h-, 10^2, 1 hundred times
deka
D-, 10^1, 10 times
deci
d-, 10^-1, 1 tenth of
centi
c-, 10^-2, 1 hundredth of
milli
m-, 10^-3, 1 thousandth of
, micro
µ-, 10^-6, 1 millionth of
nano
n-, 10^-9, 1 billionth of
pico
p-, 10^-12, 1 trillionth of
femto
f-, 10^-15, 1 quadrillionth of
metric system
a method to measure weight, length, and volume
basic units of measurements of the metric system
kilo"gram"
-grams (weight), liter (volume), meters (length/distance)
prefix
"kilo"gram
-have the same meaning/value regardless of which basic unit of measurement is used
-the quantifiers of the measurements used
3 most common temperature systems
fahrenheit, celsius, and kelvin
fahrenheit (F)
the temperature measuring system used only in the U.S., its territories, Belize, and Jamaica
-0 degrees F: freezing point of sea water or heavy brine at sea level
-32 degrees F: freezing point of pure water at sea level
-212 degrees F: the boiling point of pure water at sea level
-98.6 degrees F: normal body temp for a person
celsius (C)
(sometimes called centigrade)
a temperature system used in the rest of the world and by the scientific community
-0 degrees celsius: freezing point of pure water at sea level
-100 degrees celsius: boiling point of pure water at sea level
-37 degrees celsius: normal body temp for a person
kelvin (K)
used only in the scientific community
-zero degrees (0K): equals -273.15 degrees celsius and is thought to be the lowest temperature
achievable or absolute zero (0)
-273K: freezing point of water
-373K: boiling point of water
A+
scientific notation
the scientific system of writing numbers
-composted of 3 parts: mathematical sign, the significand, and the exponential/logarithm
mathematical sign
designates whether the number is positive or negative (+/-)
significand
the base value of the number or the value of the number when all the values of ten are removed
exponential/logarithm
a multiplier of the significand in powers of 10. a positive exponential multiplies the significand by
factors of 10. a negative exponential multiplies the significand my factors of 1/10
tera
T-, 10^12, 1 trillion times
giga
G-, 10^9, 1 billion times
mega
M-, 10^6, 1 million times
kilo
k-, 10^3, 1 thousand times
hecto
h-, 10^2, 1 hundred times
deka
D-, 10^1, 10 times
deci
d-, 10^-1, 1 tenth of
centi
c-, 10^-2, 1 hundredth of
milli
m-, 10^-3, 1 thousandth of
, micro
µ-, 10^-6, 1 millionth of
nano
n-, 10^-9, 1 billionth of
pico
p-, 10^-12, 1 trillionth of
femto
f-, 10^-15, 1 quadrillionth of
metric system
a method to measure weight, length, and volume
basic units of measurements of the metric system
kilo"gram"
-grams (weight), liter (volume), meters (length/distance)
prefix
"kilo"gram
-have the same meaning/value regardless of which basic unit of measurement is used
-the quantifiers of the measurements used
3 most common temperature systems
fahrenheit, celsius, and kelvin
fahrenheit (F)
the temperature measuring system used only in the U.S., its territories, Belize, and Jamaica
-0 degrees F: freezing point of sea water or heavy brine at sea level
-32 degrees F: freezing point of pure water at sea level
-212 degrees F: the boiling point of pure water at sea level
-98.6 degrees F: normal body temp for a person
celsius (C)
(sometimes called centigrade)
a temperature system used in the rest of the world and by the scientific community
-0 degrees celsius: freezing point of pure water at sea level
-100 degrees celsius: boiling point of pure water at sea level
-37 degrees celsius: normal body temp for a person
kelvin (K)
used only in the scientific community
-zero degrees (0K): equals -273.15 degrees celsius and is thought to be the lowest temperature
achievable or absolute zero (0)
-273K: freezing point of water
-373K: boiling point of water
