RN Pharmacology EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
Bosentan page 344
Mechanism of Actions and Drugs Effects: Blocking the receptors of the hormone
endothelin. Endothelin is a hormone that act as a stimulate to narrow the blood narrow
of blood vessels by binding to endothelin receptors. Bosentan reduces blood pressure
by blocking this action.
Indications: Only for the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension in patients with
serve heart failure.
Contraindications
Drug Allergy
Pregnancy
liver impairment
Patient receiving concurrent drug therapy with cyclosporine or glyburide.
Adverse Effects
Toxicity and Management of Overdose
captopril page 341
Mechanism of Actions and Drugs Effects
It's a ACE (Angiotensin-Converting Enyzme) Inhibitors
Has the shortest life and hase to be given more frequently.
Its a not prodrug. Prodrug is a drug that is inactive in its adminsitred form and must be
metabolized to its active form in the body generally by the liver to be ineffective.
,cardiovascaluar act as reduce blood preasure by decreasing SVR.
Indications
Adjunctive drugs for the treatment of heart failure
Used alone or in combination with diuretics and treatment for heart failure and
hypertension.
Giving after a Heart attact for left venticle artrophy
Giving to patients with heart failure
It protect the kidneys so it okay diabetic patients
Contraindications
Drug allergy
Previous reaction of angioedema to an Ace Inhibitor
Patient with a baseline of potassium level of 5 and high
Ace Inhibitors can cause high Potassium
Do give to lactating women
Children
Patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis
No pregnancy
Adverse Effects
Fatigue
Dizziness
Mood Changes
Headaches
Dry nonproductive cough that is reveriasble with discontinuation of the therapy.
A first dose hypotensive effect can cause a significant decline in blood pressure
lose f taste
Hyperkalemia
Angioedema
, Renal Impairment
Toxicity and Management of Overdose
Administration of intravenous fluids
Hemodialysis
Carvediol
Mechanism of Actions and Drugs Effects
Dual Action Alpha 1 and Beta Receptor Blockers
Indications
Treatment of mild to moderate heart failure to the conjunction with digoxin, diuretics,
and CE inhibitor.
Contraindications
Drug Allergy
Carduigenic shock
severe bradycardia
decompensated heart failure
bronchospastic conditions such as ASTHMA, cadiac problems involving the conduction
system
Adverse Effects
LOW HEART BEAT BRADYCARDIA WITH REFLEX TACHYCARDIA
Postural and postexcerise
Hypotension
Dry Mouth
Drowsiness
Dizzness
Depression
Edema
Constipation
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
Bosentan page 344
Mechanism of Actions and Drugs Effects: Blocking the receptors of the hormone
endothelin. Endothelin is a hormone that act as a stimulate to narrow the blood narrow
of blood vessels by binding to endothelin receptors. Bosentan reduces blood pressure
by blocking this action.
Indications: Only for the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension in patients with
serve heart failure.
Contraindications
Drug Allergy
Pregnancy
liver impairment
Patient receiving concurrent drug therapy with cyclosporine or glyburide.
Adverse Effects
Toxicity and Management of Overdose
captopril page 341
Mechanism of Actions and Drugs Effects
It's a ACE (Angiotensin-Converting Enyzme) Inhibitors
Has the shortest life and hase to be given more frequently.
Its a not prodrug. Prodrug is a drug that is inactive in its adminsitred form and must be
metabolized to its active form in the body generally by the liver to be ineffective.
,cardiovascaluar act as reduce blood preasure by decreasing SVR.
Indications
Adjunctive drugs for the treatment of heart failure
Used alone or in combination with diuretics and treatment for heart failure and
hypertension.
Giving after a Heart attact for left venticle artrophy
Giving to patients with heart failure
It protect the kidneys so it okay diabetic patients
Contraindications
Drug allergy
Previous reaction of angioedema to an Ace Inhibitor
Patient with a baseline of potassium level of 5 and high
Ace Inhibitors can cause high Potassium
Do give to lactating women
Children
Patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis
No pregnancy
Adverse Effects
Fatigue
Dizziness
Mood Changes
Headaches
Dry nonproductive cough that is reveriasble with discontinuation of the therapy.
A first dose hypotensive effect can cause a significant decline in blood pressure
lose f taste
Hyperkalemia
Angioedema
, Renal Impairment
Toxicity and Management of Overdose
Administration of intravenous fluids
Hemodialysis
Carvediol
Mechanism of Actions and Drugs Effects
Dual Action Alpha 1 and Beta Receptor Blockers
Indications
Treatment of mild to moderate heart failure to the conjunction with digoxin, diuretics,
and CE inhibitor.
Contraindications
Drug Allergy
Carduigenic shock
severe bradycardia
decompensated heart failure
bronchospastic conditions such as ASTHMA, cadiac problems involving the conduction
system
Adverse Effects
LOW HEART BEAT BRADYCARDIA WITH REFLEX TACHYCARDIA
Postural and postexcerise
Hypotension
Dry Mouth
Drowsiness
Dizzness
Depression
Edema
Constipation
