TEFL Final Exam With Verified Solutions Graded A+
Three main approaches to teaching English
1. Direct Method
2. Communicative Approach
3. Task Based Approach
What is the aim of The Direct Method
The aim is for accuracy and to sound as much as possible like a native English speaker.
What does the Direct method focus on?
Pronunciation and Grammar (Structural Approach)
Generally speaking, what is the Direct Method?
It is basically drilling and memorizing the English language. Students develop word and
sentence repertoires to use in real life situations.
Strength of Direct Method
It helps the learners pronounce sentences correctly.
Weakness of Direct Method
Does not aid in building fluency and the ability to communicate in an unscripted way.
Generally speaking, what is the Communicative Approach?
The Communicative approach is more student centric and the teacher acts more as a
facilitator. Lots of group work, and encourages individuality and self expression.
What is the aim of The Communicative Approach
Fluency over accuracy
Strengths of Communicative Approach
It allows students to experiment with the new language and focuses on the
communicative aspect of language.
Weakness of Communicative Approach
Not as much emphasis on grammar
Generally speaking, what is the Task-Based Approach?
The Task-Based Approach is a subsection of the Communicative Approach. You
usually use the Communicative Approach to complete tasks. Usually done with older
students.
Examples of Task-Based Approach
-You have $80 and are trying t o barter for $100 worth of clothes. Talk to seller
-Visiting a doctor
-Conducting an interview
-Calling customer service for help
Strength of the Task-Based Approach
Builds fluency
Weakness of the Task-Based Approach
Sacrifices accuracy
CultureRoute Methodology
Learners engage in interactive and meaningful communication. The teacher is a
facilitator.
Content must be
Interesting and relevant to students
Topics vs themes
,1. Topic: work, Theme: My Dream Job
2. Topic: Action Verbs, Theme: Batman Battles Crime
3. Topic: Weather, Theme: Giant Storms
4. Topic: Doctor, Theme: Spiderman Goes to The Hospital
5. Topic: Items in Bedroom, Theme: Superstar's Bedroom
You want to pick things your students are interested in
Warmer
Short, fun and relevant (to the overall theme) games and activities that pique the
students' interest about the lesson. It helps them burn off excess energy and gives other
students time to get to class if they're running late so they don't miss any of the lesson.
What are the 3 P's?
1. Presentation
2. Practice
3. Production
Presentation
This is where teachers introduce the new vocabulary and grammar point via flash card
or real item, and goes through drilling exercises with students. The teacher speaks
about 75% of the time, demonstrating the words. Accuracy is very important
Practice
Teachers introduce new sentence structures and practice those structures. Students
practice using words or structures in a controlled way. Teachers talk 40/60
What does written work focus on?
Accurate form and structure.
What is very important in the Practice Phase?
Accuracy
Production
Production involves self-expression and creativity. The activities should be as
communicative as possible. I mainly reinforces focus of the lesson. Teachers talk 10/90
Production activities must:
- Involve self-expression. The idea is that if students use the language to express
themselves, the language would be deeply embedded.
-Allow students to be creative
-Reinforce the focus of that lesson
What does the Production stage focus on?
Fluency (teacher listens for mistakes, but corrects at the end)
Wrap-Up (Cooler)
It should be a short, simple activity that allows the students to leave class feeling
positive with smiles on their faces
Benefits of The 3 P's
-The 3 P's framework provides structure and guidelines for a successful lesson in terms
of presenting language and showing ho wit is used in context.
- Focuses on accuracy as well as fluency, drawing from all three established schools of
thought.
Presentation and Practice phases draw heavily from what method?
The Direct Method, which is focused on accuracy and pronunciation
Production Phase draws heavily from what method?
, The Communicative and Task-Based Approach, encouraging use of the language in a
freer, more natural way.
Adjustments of The 3 P's
- Teachers do not need to use the 3 P's in the order they are outlined here.
- Teachers may also want to break the 3 P's approach into smaller units or chunks for
beginners or youth
The three main ways that people learn
1. Visually (They learn by watching)
2. Auditory (They learn by listening)
3. Tactile (Kinesthetic learners learn by doing)
What is the importance of knowing different learning styles?
Your activities should incorporate all 3 learning styles for maximum effort. One example
of catering to different learning styles would be in the introduction of vocab during the
presentation phase of the lesson
Ways to introduce vocabulary
-Flash cards
-Pictures
-Mosaic
Student Motivation
-Obligation
-Advancement
-Survival
-Culture
-Tourism/travel
-Fun
Two types of Motivation
Intrinsic and Extrinsic
What is Extrinsic Motivation?
Participating in an activity in order to obtain a reward or avoid a punishment. Performing
an activity to gain something or to avoid a certain outcome. Outside factors
What is Intrinsic Motivation?
Taking part in an activity because it is personally rewarding. Doing an activity because
the person enjoys it.
Are young learners more intrinsically or extrinsically motivated?
Young learners tend to be more extrinsically motivated, so the attitude of the teacher is
paramount.
What should form the basis of early lessons?
Numbers, time, days, months, colors, greetings and basic instruction.
Early teens have how long of an attention span?
15 minutes
Practice activities with young learners
-Start to work with drilling and repetition
-Facilitate practice with fun games and activities
Young learners still seek approval from ______________, but...
teacher, but prone to misbehavior
Young learners love what kind of environment?
Three main approaches to teaching English
1. Direct Method
2. Communicative Approach
3. Task Based Approach
What is the aim of The Direct Method
The aim is for accuracy and to sound as much as possible like a native English speaker.
What does the Direct method focus on?
Pronunciation and Grammar (Structural Approach)
Generally speaking, what is the Direct Method?
It is basically drilling and memorizing the English language. Students develop word and
sentence repertoires to use in real life situations.
Strength of Direct Method
It helps the learners pronounce sentences correctly.
Weakness of Direct Method
Does not aid in building fluency and the ability to communicate in an unscripted way.
Generally speaking, what is the Communicative Approach?
The Communicative approach is more student centric and the teacher acts more as a
facilitator. Lots of group work, and encourages individuality and self expression.
What is the aim of The Communicative Approach
Fluency over accuracy
Strengths of Communicative Approach
It allows students to experiment with the new language and focuses on the
communicative aspect of language.
Weakness of Communicative Approach
Not as much emphasis on grammar
Generally speaking, what is the Task-Based Approach?
The Task-Based Approach is a subsection of the Communicative Approach. You
usually use the Communicative Approach to complete tasks. Usually done with older
students.
Examples of Task-Based Approach
-You have $80 and are trying t o barter for $100 worth of clothes. Talk to seller
-Visiting a doctor
-Conducting an interview
-Calling customer service for help
Strength of the Task-Based Approach
Builds fluency
Weakness of the Task-Based Approach
Sacrifices accuracy
CultureRoute Methodology
Learners engage in interactive and meaningful communication. The teacher is a
facilitator.
Content must be
Interesting and relevant to students
Topics vs themes
,1. Topic: work, Theme: My Dream Job
2. Topic: Action Verbs, Theme: Batman Battles Crime
3. Topic: Weather, Theme: Giant Storms
4. Topic: Doctor, Theme: Spiderman Goes to The Hospital
5. Topic: Items in Bedroom, Theme: Superstar's Bedroom
You want to pick things your students are interested in
Warmer
Short, fun and relevant (to the overall theme) games and activities that pique the
students' interest about the lesson. It helps them burn off excess energy and gives other
students time to get to class if they're running late so they don't miss any of the lesson.
What are the 3 P's?
1. Presentation
2. Practice
3. Production
Presentation
This is where teachers introduce the new vocabulary and grammar point via flash card
or real item, and goes through drilling exercises with students. The teacher speaks
about 75% of the time, demonstrating the words. Accuracy is very important
Practice
Teachers introduce new sentence structures and practice those structures. Students
practice using words or structures in a controlled way. Teachers talk 40/60
What does written work focus on?
Accurate form and structure.
What is very important in the Practice Phase?
Accuracy
Production
Production involves self-expression and creativity. The activities should be as
communicative as possible. I mainly reinforces focus of the lesson. Teachers talk 10/90
Production activities must:
- Involve self-expression. The idea is that if students use the language to express
themselves, the language would be deeply embedded.
-Allow students to be creative
-Reinforce the focus of that lesson
What does the Production stage focus on?
Fluency (teacher listens for mistakes, but corrects at the end)
Wrap-Up (Cooler)
It should be a short, simple activity that allows the students to leave class feeling
positive with smiles on their faces
Benefits of The 3 P's
-The 3 P's framework provides structure and guidelines for a successful lesson in terms
of presenting language and showing ho wit is used in context.
- Focuses on accuracy as well as fluency, drawing from all three established schools of
thought.
Presentation and Practice phases draw heavily from what method?
The Direct Method, which is focused on accuracy and pronunciation
Production Phase draws heavily from what method?
, The Communicative and Task-Based Approach, encouraging use of the language in a
freer, more natural way.
Adjustments of The 3 P's
- Teachers do not need to use the 3 P's in the order they are outlined here.
- Teachers may also want to break the 3 P's approach into smaller units or chunks for
beginners or youth
The three main ways that people learn
1. Visually (They learn by watching)
2. Auditory (They learn by listening)
3. Tactile (Kinesthetic learners learn by doing)
What is the importance of knowing different learning styles?
Your activities should incorporate all 3 learning styles for maximum effort. One example
of catering to different learning styles would be in the introduction of vocab during the
presentation phase of the lesson
Ways to introduce vocabulary
-Flash cards
-Pictures
-Mosaic
Student Motivation
-Obligation
-Advancement
-Survival
-Culture
-Tourism/travel
-Fun
Two types of Motivation
Intrinsic and Extrinsic
What is Extrinsic Motivation?
Participating in an activity in order to obtain a reward or avoid a punishment. Performing
an activity to gain something or to avoid a certain outcome. Outside factors
What is Intrinsic Motivation?
Taking part in an activity because it is personally rewarding. Doing an activity because
the person enjoys it.
Are young learners more intrinsically or extrinsically motivated?
Young learners tend to be more extrinsically motivated, so the attitude of the teacher is
paramount.
What should form the basis of early lessons?
Numbers, time, days, months, colors, greetings and basic instruction.
Early teens have how long of an attention span?
15 minutes
Practice activities with young learners
-Start to work with drilling and repetition
-Facilitate practice with fun games and activities
Young learners still seek approval from ______________, but...
teacher, but prone to misbehavior
Young learners love what kind of environment?
