BIOL 112 Exam II (TAMU LEE) Actual
Exam Questions | 100% Correct Answers
| Verified 2024 Version
If a human has a serious bacterial infection, which bacterial target or targets could be useful targets
when designing bacterial antibiotics?
a. 40S ribosomal subunits
b. gyrase
c. a peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzyme
d. B and C
e. A, B and C - ✔✔d. B and C (gyrase, a peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzyme)
With regards to modern medicine, pathogenicity and pharmacology, it is very important that one
understand one fundamental concept. That concept is that researchers will look for and attack enzymes,
polymers, chemicals that the pathogen ____ and that the host ____.
a. does not have; does not have
b. has; does not have
c. does not have; has
d. has; has
e. none of the above are true - ✔✔b. has; does not have
Using the diagram below (malarial life cycle), one could surmise that there are many medical indicators
or prodromes (early symptoms) that one may have contracted malaria. The medical sign(s) or
condition(s) readily apparent in THIS diagram is/are _______.
a. hemolytic anemia or medical condition
b. acute hepatic disease, cellular intrustion or medical condition
c. dysentary or dysentary-like medical condition
,d. legionairres' disease
e. Both A and B - ✔✔a. hemolytic anemia or medical condition
A hypothetical bacterium swims among human intestinal contents until it finds a suitable location on the
intestinal lining. It adheres to the intestinal lining using a feature that also protects it form phagocytes,
bacteriophages and dehydration. Fecal matter form a human in whose intestine this bacterium lives can
spread the bacterium, even after being mixed with water and boiled. the bacterium is not susceptible to
the penicillin family of antibiotics. It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycan. Adherence
to the intestinal lining by this bacterium is due to its possession of ____.
a. fimbriae
b. a capsule
c. pili
d. flagellum
e. tansulopsule - ✔✔b. a capsule
Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that targets prokaryotic (70S) ribosomes, but not eukaryotic (80S)
ribosomes. Which of these questions stems from this observation, plus an understanding of eukaryotic
origins?
a. if chloramphenicol inhibits prokaryotic ribosomes, should it not also inhibit mitochondrial ribosomes?
b. can chlormaphenicol also be used to control human diseases that are caused by archaeans?
c. why aren't prokaryotic ribosomes identical to eukaryotic ribosomes?
d. can chloramphenicol pass through thecapsules possessed by many cyanobacteria?
e. why can't chloramphenicol be used to kill Plasmodium vivax as well - ✔✔a. if chloramphenicol inhibits
prokaryotic ribosomes, should it not also inhibit mitochondrial ribosomes?
The figure below depicts changes to the amount of DNA present in a recipient cell that is engaged in
conjugation with an Hfr cell. Hfr cell DNA begins entering the recipient cell at Time A. Assume that
reciprocal crossing over occurs (in other words, a fragment of the recipient's chromosome is exchanged
for a homologous fragment from the Hfr cell's DNA). What is occurring at Time C that is decreasing the
DNA content?
, a. reversal of the direction of conjugation
b. cytokinesis
c. crossing over
d. degradation of DNA that was not retained in the recipient's (F-) chromosome
e. transduction within the F- recipient bacterium - ✔✔e. transduction within the F- recipient bacterium
Species D is pathogenic if it gains access to the human intestine. Which other species, if it coinhabited a
human intestine along with species D, is most likely to result in a recombinant species that is motile,
pathogenic and resistant to some antibiotics?
a. species A
b. species B
c. species C
d. species E
e. species D - ✔✔c. species C
In this eight-year experiment, twelve populations of E. coli, each begun from a single cell, were grown in
low-glucose conditions for 20,000 generations. Each culture was introduced to fresh growth medium
every twenty-four hours. Occasionally, samples were removed from the populations, and their fitness in
low-glucose conditions was tested against that of members sampled from the ancestral (common
ancestor) E. coli population. If the experimental population of E. coli lacks an F factor of F plasmid, and if
bacteriophages are excluded from the bacterial cultures, then beneficial mutations might be transmitted
horizontally to other E. coli cells via ___.
a. transduction
b. transformation
c. conjugation
d. sex pili
e. transfection
f. Metallica and Willie Nelson spontaneously generation on fresh growth medium! - ✔✔b.
transformation
Exam Questions | 100% Correct Answers
| Verified 2024 Version
If a human has a serious bacterial infection, which bacterial target or targets could be useful targets
when designing bacterial antibiotics?
a. 40S ribosomal subunits
b. gyrase
c. a peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzyme
d. B and C
e. A, B and C - ✔✔d. B and C (gyrase, a peptidoglycan biosynthesis enzyme)
With regards to modern medicine, pathogenicity and pharmacology, it is very important that one
understand one fundamental concept. That concept is that researchers will look for and attack enzymes,
polymers, chemicals that the pathogen ____ and that the host ____.
a. does not have; does not have
b. has; does not have
c. does not have; has
d. has; has
e. none of the above are true - ✔✔b. has; does not have
Using the diagram below (malarial life cycle), one could surmise that there are many medical indicators
or prodromes (early symptoms) that one may have contracted malaria. The medical sign(s) or
condition(s) readily apparent in THIS diagram is/are _______.
a. hemolytic anemia or medical condition
b. acute hepatic disease, cellular intrustion or medical condition
c. dysentary or dysentary-like medical condition
,d. legionairres' disease
e. Both A and B - ✔✔a. hemolytic anemia or medical condition
A hypothetical bacterium swims among human intestinal contents until it finds a suitable location on the
intestinal lining. It adheres to the intestinal lining using a feature that also protects it form phagocytes,
bacteriophages and dehydration. Fecal matter form a human in whose intestine this bacterium lives can
spread the bacterium, even after being mixed with water and boiled. the bacterium is not susceptible to
the penicillin family of antibiotics. It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycan. Adherence
to the intestinal lining by this bacterium is due to its possession of ____.
a. fimbriae
b. a capsule
c. pili
d. flagellum
e. tansulopsule - ✔✔b. a capsule
Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that targets prokaryotic (70S) ribosomes, but not eukaryotic (80S)
ribosomes. Which of these questions stems from this observation, plus an understanding of eukaryotic
origins?
a. if chloramphenicol inhibits prokaryotic ribosomes, should it not also inhibit mitochondrial ribosomes?
b. can chlormaphenicol also be used to control human diseases that are caused by archaeans?
c. why aren't prokaryotic ribosomes identical to eukaryotic ribosomes?
d. can chloramphenicol pass through thecapsules possessed by many cyanobacteria?
e. why can't chloramphenicol be used to kill Plasmodium vivax as well - ✔✔a. if chloramphenicol inhibits
prokaryotic ribosomes, should it not also inhibit mitochondrial ribosomes?
The figure below depicts changes to the amount of DNA present in a recipient cell that is engaged in
conjugation with an Hfr cell. Hfr cell DNA begins entering the recipient cell at Time A. Assume that
reciprocal crossing over occurs (in other words, a fragment of the recipient's chromosome is exchanged
for a homologous fragment from the Hfr cell's DNA). What is occurring at Time C that is decreasing the
DNA content?
, a. reversal of the direction of conjugation
b. cytokinesis
c. crossing over
d. degradation of DNA that was not retained in the recipient's (F-) chromosome
e. transduction within the F- recipient bacterium - ✔✔e. transduction within the F- recipient bacterium
Species D is pathogenic if it gains access to the human intestine. Which other species, if it coinhabited a
human intestine along with species D, is most likely to result in a recombinant species that is motile,
pathogenic and resistant to some antibiotics?
a. species A
b. species B
c. species C
d. species E
e. species D - ✔✔c. species C
In this eight-year experiment, twelve populations of E. coli, each begun from a single cell, were grown in
low-glucose conditions for 20,000 generations. Each culture was introduced to fresh growth medium
every twenty-four hours. Occasionally, samples were removed from the populations, and their fitness in
low-glucose conditions was tested against that of members sampled from the ancestral (common
ancestor) E. coli population. If the experimental population of E. coli lacks an F factor of F plasmid, and if
bacteriophages are excluded from the bacterial cultures, then beneficial mutations might be transmitted
horizontally to other E. coli cells via ___.
a. transduction
b. transformation
c. conjugation
d. sex pili
e. transfection
f. Metallica and Willie Nelson spontaneously generation on fresh growth medium! - ✔✔b.
transformation
