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1. How does social justice and health inequities influence population health care provision?: Social
justice refers to the fair and equitable distribution of re- sources, opportunities, and benefits
within a society, while health inequities rep- resent disparities in health outcomes and access
to healthcare services among different population groups.
2. How can health disparities be reduce in society?: social justice and health inequities are closely
intertwined with population healthcare provision. Achieving equitable access to healthcare
services, improving care quality, addressing social determinants of health, and advocating for
policy changes are all essential compo- nents of efforts to reduce health disparities and
promote the health and well-being of all members of society.
3. Health disparities: refers to the differences in health status between various groups
(populations). For instance, the difference in childbirth mortality between African Americans
and other populations.
4. Indicators for measuring a country's health: Two commonly used indicators for measuring a
country's health are infant mortality and life expectancy at birth.
5. What is the Goal of the Campaign for Action: aims to mobilize nurses, nursing organizations,
and their allies to work collectively toward these goals. It fosters collaboration, provided
resources, and supported initiatives to advance the nursing profession and contribute to
positive changes in the U.S. healthcare system. AARP initiative
6. Campaign for Action: Seven major, interrelated issues that come together to contribute to
a healthier America through nursing
Advancing Education; Expanding Scope of Practice; Promoting Leadership; Improv- ing Access to
Care; Interprofessional Collaboration;Health Policy Advocacy; Data and Research
7. Social Justice: Distribution of wealth, opportunities and privileges in a society
8. What's the goal of population-based nursing: To provide evidence-based care to targeted groups
of people with similar needs in order to improve outcomes.
9. Healthy People 2030 (HP2030): Is a set of health objectives and goals for the United States,
developed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). HP2030 provides a
comprehensive framework for improving the health and well-being of the U.S. population over
the next decade.
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10.Epidemiology: Science of public health
Factors may be genetic, environmental, social, cultural or based on some direct action by the
individual
Serves to find out the "why" of the disease and then analyze these factors for recommendations
Epidemiology monitors health of populations, understands determinants of health
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and disease in communities, and investigates and evaluates interventions to prevent disease and
maintain health.
11.The aim of epidemiology when connected to population health: is to study and understand the
distribution and determinants of health and disease within popu- lations. Epidemiology plays a
crucial role in public health by providing the necessary tools and methods to: 1. Monitor Health
Trends; 2. Identify Risk Factors; 3.Study Disease Patterns 4.Evaluate Interventions 5. Understand
Causation; 6.Inform Public Health Policy 7. Prevent Disease and Promote Health
12.What is surveillance?: Surveillance is the systematic and ongoing collection, analysis,
interpretation, and dissemination of data related to diseases, health con- ditions, and other
factors that affect the health of populations. The primary purpose of surveillance is to monitor
and track changes in health trends, detect outbreaks or unusual patterns, and inform public
health action and policy decisions
13.Passive surveillance: a system for monitoring and collecting data on diseases, health
conditions, or events that occur in a population. Unlike active surveillance, which involves
proactive and systematic data collection efforts, passive surveillance relies on the voluntary
reporting of information by healthcare providers, laboratories, or other entities.
14.Examples of passive surveillance: Reporting of notifiable diseases by health- care providers
to public health authorities.
Laboratory reports of positive test results for certain diseases or conditions. Adverse event
reporting by patients, healthcare providers, or pharmaceutical com- panies for monitoring the
safety of medications or vaccines.
15. Advantage & Disadvantage of passive surveillance: Advantages: Cost-Effec- tive: Passive
surveillance is often less resource-intensive than active surveillance, as it relies on existing
reporting systems. Minimizes Burden: Healthcare providers and laboratories are already
engaged in reporting, so there is minimal added burden. Long-Term Sustainability: Can be
sustained over a long period because it integrates with routine healthcare processes.
Disadvantages: Underreporting: Relies on individuals and organizations voluntarily reporting
cases, which may lead to underreporting or delays in reporting. Lack of Control: Public health
authorities have less control over data collection, quality, and completeness. Limited Data Qualit
Data may lack detailed information necessary for in-depth analysis.
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16.Active surveillance: Active surveillance involves a proactive approach where public health
officials or researchers actively seek out cases or events by conducting systematic and targeted
data collection activities. This approach often requires outreach, interviews, and investigations.