WGU C173 Version 3 Language Agnostic |
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input
A program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen, network, etc.
process
A program performs computations on that data, such as adding two values like x + y.
Output
A program puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen, network, etc.
variable
Used by programs to refer to data. It is a named item, used to hold a value.
flowchart
A graphical language for creating computer programs.
Program
A list of statements, each statement carrying out some action and executing one at a
time.
Run, execute
Words for carrying out a program's statements.
String literal
Text (characters) within double quotes.
Characters
Any letter (a-z, A-Z), digit (0-9), or symbol (~, !, @, etc.).
newline
Special two-character sequence \n whose appearance in an output string literal causes
the cursor to move to the next output line.
comment
Text a programmer adds to a program, to be read by humans (other programmers), but
ignored by the program when executing.
Moore's Law
Engineers have reduced switch sizes by half about every 2 years.
bit
A single 0 or 1.
byte
Eight bits. Ex. 11000101
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange. Code that is the numerical
representation of a character. Ex. Z would be stored in a computer as 1011010.
Pseudocode
Text that resembles a program in a real programming language but is simplified to aid
human understanding.
assignment statement
Assigns a variable with a value, such as X=5.
variable declaration
declares a new variable, specifying the variable's name and type.
integer
, Variable type that can hold whole numbers.
Expression
Can be a number, a variable name (numApples), or a simple calculation like
(numApples + 1).
Identifier
A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or function. Must be a
sequence of letters, underscores, and digits or start with a letter or underscore. They
are case sensitive.
Reserved word (or keyword)
A word that is part of the language, like integer, Get or Put. These words cannot be
used as an identifier.
Naming conventions
A set of style guidelines defined by a company, team, teacher, etc., for naming
variables.
Lower camel case
Capitalize each word except the first, as in numApples.
Operator
A symbol that performs a built-in calculation, like the + which performs addition.
Precedence rules
An expression is evaluated using the order of standard mathematics.
Incremental development
The progress of writing, compiling, and testing a small amount of code, then writing,
compiling, and testing a small amount more (an incremental amount), and so on.
floating-point number
Refers to the decimal point being able to appear anywhere ("float") in the number. Ex.
98.6, 0.0006.
Floating-point literal
A number with a fractional part, even if that fraction is 0.
Infinity or -Infinity
Dividing a nonzero floating-point number by zero.
Not a number
Indicates an unrepresentable or undefined value.
Function
A list of statements executed by invoking the function's name, with such invoking know
as a function call.
Arguments
Any function input values that appear within ( ), and are separated by commas if more
than one.
RandomNumber()
A function is a built-in zyFlowchart function that takes two arguments, lowValue and
highValue, and returns a random integer in the range lowValue to highValue. Ex:
RandomNumber(1, 10) returns a random integer in the range 1 to 10.
Divide-by-zero error
Occurs at runtime if a divisor is 0, causing a program to terminate.
Type conversion
A conversion of one data type to another, such as an integer to a float.
100% Verified
input
A program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen, network, etc.
process
A program performs computations on that data, such as adding two values like x + y.
Output
A program puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen, network, etc.
variable
Used by programs to refer to data. It is a named item, used to hold a value.
flowchart
A graphical language for creating computer programs.
Program
A list of statements, each statement carrying out some action and executing one at a
time.
Run, execute
Words for carrying out a program's statements.
String literal
Text (characters) within double quotes.
Characters
Any letter (a-z, A-Z), digit (0-9), or symbol (~, !, @, etc.).
newline
Special two-character sequence \n whose appearance in an output string literal causes
the cursor to move to the next output line.
comment
Text a programmer adds to a program, to be read by humans (other programmers), but
ignored by the program when executing.
Moore's Law
Engineers have reduced switch sizes by half about every 2 years.
bit
A single 0 or 1.
byte
Eight bits. Ex. 11000101
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange. Code that is the numerical
representation of a character. Ex. Z would be stored in a computer as 1011010.
Pseudocode
Text that resembles a program in a real programming language but is simplified to aid
human understanding.
assignment statement
Assigns a variable with a value, such as X=5.
variable declaration
declares a new variable, specifying the variable's name and type.
integer
, Variable type that can hold whole numbers.
Expression
Can be a number, a variable name (numApples), or a simple calculation like
(numApples + 1).
Identifier
A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or function. Must be a
sequence of letters, underscores, and digits or start with a letter or underscore. They
are case sensitive.
Reserved word (or keyword)
A word that is part of the language, like integer, Get or Put. These words cannot be
used as an identifier.
Naming conventions
A set of style guidelines defined by a company, team, teacher, etc., for naming
variables.
Lower camel case
Capitalize each word except the first, as in numApples.
Operator
A symbol that performs a built-in calculation, like the + which performs addition.
Precedence rules
An expression is evaluated using the order of standard mathematics.
Incremental development
The progress of writing, compiling, and testing a small amount of code, then writing,
compiling, and testing a small amount more (an incremental amount), and so on.
floating-point number
Refers to the decimal point being able to appear anywhere ("float") in the number. Ex.
98.6, 0.0006.
Floating-point literal
A number with a fractional part, even if that fraction is 0.
Infinity or -Infinity
Dividing a nonzero floating-point number by zero.
Not a number
Indicates an unrepresentable or undefined value.
Function
A list of statements executed by invoking the function's name, with such invoking know
as a function call.
Arguments
Any function input values that appear within ( ), and are separated by commas if more
than one.
RandomNumber()
A function is a built-in zyFlowchart function that takes two arguments, lowValue and
highValue, and returns a random integer in the range lowValue to highValue. Ex:
RandomNumber(1, 10) returns a random integer in the range 1 to 10.
Divide-by-zero error
Occurs at runtime if a divisor is 0, causing a program to terminate.
Type conversion
A conversion of one data type to another, such as an integer to a float.
