Week 4 (i) Antimalaria
Medication Name Brand Name Pharmacology Mechanism of Action Dose and frequency/ Special Counselling Special Note
group/indication max dose Point
Artemether 20mg & Riamet Antiprotozoal Inhibits the nucleic acid and Adult & child >12 To be taken with a fatty Timing of administration:
Lumefantrine protein synthesis within the years old (>35kg): meal such as milk to 0H, 8H,24H,36H,48H,60H respectively
120mg Acute uncomplicated malarial parasite 4 tabs (6 doses within 3 increase bioavailability. (total 24 tabs over 60 hours)
falciparum malaria days)
(1:6 ratio) In the event of vomiting Weight-based dosing:
within 1 hour of 5-14kg: 1 tab/dose
administration, a repeat 15-24kg: 2 tabs/dose
dose should be taken. 25-34 kg: 3 tabs/dose
>35kg: 4 tabs/dose
Tablet may be crushed
before administration if
unable to swallow whole
(Reference: BNF 69)
Artesunate 60mg Artesun Antiprotozoal Inhibits protein and nucleic IV/IM 2.4mg/kg at IV slow bolus to be given over 1-2
Injection acid synthesis, ultrastructural 0,12,24 hours, then OD minutes.
Treatment of severe changes and reduce parasite until oral treatment can
malaria in adults and growth and survival be initiated
children
Chloroquine LARIAGO Antiprotozoal Inhibits DNA and RNA Adult: 1g (600mg base) Contraindicated in G6PD deficiency
Phosphate 250mg biosynthesis and produces STAT, 300mg 6-8 hours *Ubat Kelulusan Khas
Tablet (150mg Chemoprophylaxis and rapid degradation of later, then 300mg on the
Chloroquine base) treatment of malaria ribosomes and dissimilation following 2 days
of ribosomal RNA
Primaquine 26.3mg Pharmaniaga Antiprotozoal Disrupt the mitochondria and Adult: 15-30 mg OD for To be taken with food to *Ubat Kelulusan Khas
Tablet (15mg base) Primaquine bind to DNA, however MOA 14 days avoid GI discomfort
(1) Radical cure of is not fully determined yet. A course of treatment with a blood
Plasmodium ovale / *Patients with mild- schizonticide (e.g. chloroquine) is usually
Plasmodium vivax moderate G6PD given first to kill any erythrocytic
malaria deficiency: 45mg once parasites and may be administered with or
weekly for 8 weeks followed by primaquine.
(2) Prophylaxis (close monitoring for
together with a hemolysis)
schizonticide e.g.
chloroquine
Pyrimethamine DARAMIN Antiparasitics Selectively inhibits the *Ubat Kelulusan Khas
25mg Tablet plasmodial form of Not recommended to be used alone
dihydrofolate reductase, - used together with sulfadoxine
reducing the production of
folic acid required for nucleic
Medication Name Brand Name Pharmacology Mechanism of Action Dose and frequency/ Special Counselling Special Note
group/indication max dose Point
Artemether 20mg & Riamet Antiprotozoal Inhibits the nucleic acid and Adult & child >12 To be taken with a fatty Timing of administration:
Lumefantrine protein synthesis within the years old (>35kg): meal such as milk to 0H, 8H,24H,36H,48H,60H respectively
120mg Acute uncomplicated malarial parasite 4 tabs (6 doses within 3 increase bioavailability. (total 24 tabs over 60 hours)
falciparum malaria days)
(1:6 ratio) In the event of vomiting Weight-based dosing:
within 1 hour of 5-14kg: 1 tab/dose
administration, a repeat 15-24kg: 2 tabs/dose
dose should be taken. 25-34 kg: 3 tabs/dose
>35kg: 4 tabs/dose
Tablet may be crushed
before administration if
unable to swallow whole
(Reference: BNF 69)
Artesunate 60mg Artesun Antiprotozoal Inhibits protein and nucleic IV/IM 2.4mg/kg at IV slow bolus to be given over 1-2
Injection acid synthesis, ultrastructural 0,12,24 hours, then OD minutes.
Treatment of severe changes and reduce parasite until oral treatment can
malaria in adults and growth and survival be initiated
children
Chloroquine LARIAGO Antiprotozoal Inhibits DNA and RNA Adult: 1g (600mg base) Contraindicated in G6PD deficiency
Phosphate 250mg biosynthesis and produces STAT, 300mg 6-8 hours *Ubat Kelulusan Khas
Tablet (150mg Chemoprophylaxis and rapid degradation of later, then 300mg on the
Chloroquine base) treatment of malaria ribosomes and dissimilation following 2 days
of ribosomal RNA
Primaquine 26.3mg Pharmaniaga Antiprotozoal Disrupt the mitochondria and Adult: 15-30 mg OD for To be taken with food to *Ubat Kelulusan Khas
Tablet (15mg base) Primaquine bind to DNA, however MOA 14 days avoid GI discomfort
(1) Radical cure of is not fully determined yet. A course of treatment with a blood
Plasmodium ovale / *Patients with mild- schizonticide (e.g. chloroquine) is usually
Plasmodium vivax moderate G6PD given first to kill any erythrocytic
malaria deficiency: 45mg once parasites and may be administered with or
weekly for 8 weeks followed by primaquine.
(2) Prophylaxis (close monitoring for
together with a hemolysis)
schizonticide e.g.
chloroquine
Pyrimethamine DARAMIN Antiparasitics Selectively inhibits the *Ubat Kelulusan Khas
25mg Tablet plasmodial form of Not recommended to be used alone
dihydrofolate reductase, - used together with sulfadoxine
reducing the production of
folic acid required for nucleic
