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inhalation anthrax
Symptoms: fever, cough, SOB, muscle aches, mild chest pain, meningitis, shock
Prevention: anthrax vaccine, antibiotics
Treatment: Antibiotics and anthrax antitoxin
cutaneous anthrax
symptoms: starts as lesion that can be itchy and turns into vesicular lesion that
becomes necrotic/black eschar, fever/chills
prevention: anthrax vaccine
treatment: antibiotics
botulism
symptoms: difficulty swallowing, double vision, slurred speech, descending progressive
weakness, N/V, abd cramps, difficulty breathing
Treatment: airway management, antitoxin, elimination of toxin
viral hemorrhagic fevers (ebola, yellow fever)
symptoms: sore throat, headache, high temp, N/V, diarrhea, internal/external bleeding,
sock
treatment: no cure, supportive care only, minimize invasive procedures
plague
Different forms can occur separately or together: pneumonic (pneumonia with SOB,
chest pain, cough, watery or bloody sputum) bubonic (swollen, tender lymph glands)
septicemic (prostration, abdominal pain, shock, DIC, gangrene of nose and digits.
Prevention: contact precautions until decontaminated, droplet precautions till 72 hrs
after antibiotics
small pox
, symptoms: fever, fatigue, headache, rash, chills, vomiting, delirium
prevention: vaccine can be given within 3 days of exposure, contact and airborne
precautions
tularemia
symptoms: sudden onset chills, fever, headache, diarrhea, muscle aches, joint pain, dry
cough, progressive weakness. if airborne: life threatening pneumonia and systemic
infection
Treatment: no vaccine, antibiotics
What should be used to prime IV tubing before a transfusion of packed red blood
cells (PRBCs)?
Normal saline
T or F: Anticoagulant medications are high-alert medications and require special
safeguards, such as double-checking of medications by two nurses before
administration.
T
seizures are associated with which acid base imbalance?
Seizures may be associated with apnea and thus hypoxemia and lactic acidosis. Lactic
acid releases hydrogen ions, causing acidosis. Lactic acidosis occurs whenever the
body has too little oxygen to meet metabolic oxygen demands (e.g., heavy exercise,
seizure activity, reduced oxygen).
INR goal for patients taking Warfarin?
2 to 3
Stages of conflict
The first stage of the conflict process is latent conflict, which involves awareness of
potential situations that can create conflict. Stage two is perceived conflict, where those
who are affected discuss the situation in an impersonal manner. Stage three is felt
conflict, which occurs when those who are affected become personally involved. Stage
four is manifest conflict and is signaled by those who are involved taking action. In stage
five, or conflict aftermath, those who are involved recognize the positive and negative
outcomes of how the situation was managed.
T or F: A client who has pertussis requires droplet precautions