The Human Body in Health and Illness by
Barbara Herlihy
Aorta - correct answer-Largest artery in the body
Arteries - correct answer-Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Arterioles - correct answer-smallest arteries
capacitance vessels - correct answer-the term for veins because they have the ability to
stretch. they have a large diameter and are more distensible to hold more blood. this
reduces stress on the heart.
Capillaries - correct answer-Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place
between the blood and cells of the body
Circle of Willis - correct answer-A circle of arteries at the base of the brain that supply blood
to the brain
conductance vessels - correct answer-Blood vessels that are primarily concerned with
carrying blood to smaller blood vessels; functional name for arteries.
ductus arteriosus - correct answer-a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary
circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta
ductus venosus - correct answer-connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava,
bypassing the liver
exchange vessels - correct answer-Capillaries are also known as _____.
fetal circulation - correct answer-the system of blood vessels and structures through which
blood moves in a fetus
foramen ovale - correct answer-connects the two atria in the fetal heart
hepatic portal system - correct answer-the veins that carry blood from the digestive organs to
the liver
pulmonary circulation - correct answer-flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to
the heart
pulse - correct answer-Beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries.
, Resistance vessels (arterioles) - correct answer-small diameter with a few layers of smooth
muscle; contraction or relaxation of that muscle creates great changes in diameter, and thus
great changes in resistance to blood flow
systemic circulation - correct answer-circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to
the lungs
umbilical arteries - correct answer-carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta
umbilical vein - correct answer-delivers oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
Veins - correct answer-Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
venae cavae (vena cava) - correct answer-two large blood vessels that drain oxygen-poor
blood from the veins into the right side of the heart
Venules - correct answer-small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
tunica intima - correct answer-the innermost layer of a blood vessel
tunica media - correct answer-The middle and thickest layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall,
composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle cells that allow the vessel to expand or
contract in response to changes in blood pressure and tissue demand.
tunica adventitia - correct answer-The outer layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall, composed
of elastic and fibrous connective tissue.
skeletal muscle pump - correct answer-pumping effect of contracting skeletal muscles on
blood flow through underlying vessels
superficial veins - correct answer-superficially located veins
cephalic vein - correct answer-Large vein on the outermost side of the upper arm
basilic vein - correct answer-large vein on the inner side of the upper arm
axillary vein - correct answer-vein in the armpit
jugular veins - correct answer-drain blood from the head and drain into the subclavian veins.
azygos vein - correct answer-a single vein that drains the thorax and empties directly into the
SVC.
Subclavian steal syndrome - correct answer-A person develops an occlusion in the
subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the vertebral artery. When the affected arm is
exercised, the subclavian artery is unable to supply enough blood. Blood pressure in the
exercising shoulder and arm decreases, causing a retrograde (backward) flow of blood from
the vertebral artery to the subclavian artery. The subclavian artery robs the posterior brain of
Barbara Herlihy
Aorta - correct answer-Largest artery in the body
Arteries - correct answer-Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Arterioles - correct answer-smallest arteries
capacitance vessels - correct answer-the term for veins because they have the ability to
stretch. they have a large diameter and are more distensible to hold more blood. this
reduces stress on the heart.
Capillaries - correct answer-Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place
between the blood and cells of the body
Circle of Willis - correct answer-A circle of arteries at the base of the brain that supply blood
to the brain
conductance vessels - correct answer-Blood vessels that are primarily concerned with
carrying blood to smaller blood vessels; functional name for arteries.
ductus arteriosus - correct answer-a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary
circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta
ductus venosus - correct answer-connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava,
bypassing the liver
exchange vessels - correct answer-Capillaries are also known as _____.
fetal circulation - correct answer-the system of blood vessels and structures through which
blood moves in a fetus
foramen ovale - correct answer-connects the two atria in the fetal heart
hepatic portal system - correct answer-the veins that carry blood from the digestive organs to
the liver
pulmonary circulation - correct answer-flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to
the heart
pulse - correct answer-Beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries.
, Resistance vessels (arterioles) - correct answer-small diameter with a few layers of smooth
muscle; contraction or relaxation of that muscle creates great changes in diameter, and thus
great changes in resistance to blood flow
systemic circulation - correct answer-circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to
the lungs
umbilical arteries - correct answer-carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta
umbilical vein - correct answer-delivers oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
Veins - correct answer-Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
venae cavae (vena cava) - correct answer-two large blood vessels that drain oxygen-poor
blood from the veins into the right side of the heart
Venules - correct answer-small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
tunica intima - correct answer-the innermost layer of a blood vessel
tunica media - correct answer-The middle and thickest layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall,
composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle cells that allow the vessel to expand or
contract in response to changes in blood pressure and tissue demand.
tunica adventitia - correct answer-The outer layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall, composed
of elastic and fibrous connective tissue.
skeletal muscle pump - correct answer-pumping effect of contracting skeletal muscles on
blood flow through underlying vessels
superficial veins - correct answer-superficially located veins
cephalic vein - correct answer-Large vein on the outermost side of the upper arm
basilic vein - correct answer-large vein on the inner side of the upper arm
axillary vein - correct answer-vein in the armpit
jugular veins - correct answer-drain blood from the head and drain into the subclavian veins.
azygos vein - correct answer-a single vein that drains the thorax and empties directly into the
SVC.
Subclavian steal syndrome - correct answer-A person develops an occlusion in the
subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the vertebral artery. When the affected arm is
exercised, the subclavian artery is unable to supply enough blood. Blood pressure in the
exercising shoulder and arm decreases, causing a retrograde (backward) flow of blood from
the vertebral artery to the subclavian artery. The subclavian artery robs the posterior brain of
