Intro to Emergency Management FINAL
EXAM
Mitigation - correct answer-a set of strategies to reduce future risks. Goal is to increase
public safety from individual homes to entire communities
Structural mitigation - correct answer-built environment such as levees, dams, floodwalls and
seawalls, etc
Nonstructural mitigation - correct answer-education, insurance, evacuation practice, first aid
training
hard to get the public excoted about mitigation work prior to a disaster (true or false) - correct
answer-TRUE
2 champions of mitigation in U.S. - correct answer-Gilbert White - "Father of Floodplain
Management" Founded University of Colorado's Natural Hazards Research and Applications
Information Center in 1974 - focuses on human behavior during disasters James Lee Witt -
FEMA director under Bill Clinton - wrote, "Stronger in the Broken Places" Mitigation should
be the goal of every crisis manager. Why prepare to clean up more efficiently after a disaster
when you can prepare to lessen its effect in the first place
Elevation (mitigation) - correct answer-raising buildings above expected flood levels
-often elevation levels are determined after an event when structures have already sustained
damage
-Mennonite Disaster services managed to elevate some homes post hurricane Katrina but it
was very expensive
Retrofit - correct answer-bringing older structures up to code. Highly technical and expensive
safe rooms - correct answer-structures built to protect people from very strong storms
including tornadoes and hurricanes
-Gov gave 2000 grants to homeowners in Oklahoma to build such rooms either outside or
inside their homes
Dams/Levees - correct answer-dam is an engineered structure designed to hold back water.
our countrys dams are on average 52 years old and most are in need of repair. Levees are
situated alongside rivers and are designed to prevent overtopping when floods occur.
estimated that 100 billion is needed to make improvements on our countrys existing levee
system
-43% of our population relies on our levee system
Building resilience - correct answer-buildings must be able to withstand a variety of forces
, blast performance - correct answer-makes buildings more structurally resilient in the face of
bombs, tornadoes and hurricane force winds
hardening - correct answer-the process of accessing and incorporating materials and
procedures to safeguard a building
advantages and disadvantages of structural mitigation - correct answer-structural mitigation
saves lives and promotes resilience of the built environment
-may be expensive and ultimately may fail
nonstructural mitigation - correct answer-land use planning, building codes and enforcement,
and relocations such as moving a community out of harms way
advantages and disadvantages of nonstructural mitigation - correct answer-efforts are not as
costly as structural mitigation efforts, but, even so, may still be too costly for some
communities and individuals to afford
-if the whole community is not committed to the efforts of nonstructural mitigation everyone
will suffer
launching mitigation planning - correct answer--first step is to inspire the public to act
towards a plan
-whole community must be involved
-cultural aspects must be considered even with the local way of meeting
the hazard mitigation planning process (FEMA recommended steps)- may take years to
accomplish these steps - correct answer--organize resources- lots of effort toward
convincing public the need for mitigation- long term effectiveness often works...investment
now pays dividends later
-assess risks- conduct loss estimations for schools, businesses, hospitals
-develop a mitigation plan- involves the community as get them to inform one another,
prioritizing comes first
-implement the plan- strategy and timeline to mitigate future risks
recovery - correct answer-is a process involving a series of short-term and long-term stages
or steps.
short term recovery - correct answer-includes restoring utilities and infrastructures.
Temporary housing
long term recovery - correct answer-involves the community in figuring out the how, when,
and where to rebuild, includes a timeline and organizes people, resources and organizations
into a consensus- based vision of normalcy
reconstruction - correct answer--to rebuild
-may provide an opportunity to re-think how a community rebuilds
-more energy efficiency, greener homes, relocation of utilities underground
restoration - correct answer--returning to the way things were before
EXAM
Mitigation - correct answer-a set of strategies to reduce future risks. Goal is to increase
public safety from individual homes to entire communities
Structural mitigation - correct answer-built environment such as levees, dams, floodwalls and
seawalls, etc
Nonstructural mitigation - correct answer-education, insurance, evacuation practice, first aid
training
hard to get the public excoted about mitigation work prior to a disaster (true or false) - correct
answer-TRUE
2 champions of mitigation in U.S. - correct answer-Gilbert White - "Father of Floodplain
Management" Founded University of Colorado's Natural Hazards Research and Applications
Information Center in 1974 - focuses on human behavior during disasters James Lee Witt -
FEMA director under Bill Clinton - wrote, "Stronger in the Broken Places" Mitigation should
be the goal of every crisis manager. Why prepare to clean up more efficiently after a disaster
when you can prepare to lessen its effect in the first place
Elevation (mitigation) - correct answer-raising buildings above expected flood levels
-often elevation levels are determined after an event when structures have already sustained
damage
-Mennonite Disaster services managed to elevate some homes post hurricane Katrina but it
was very expensive
Retrofit - correct answer-bringing older structures up to code. Highly technical and expensive
safe rooms - correct answer-structures built to protect people from very strong storms
including tornadoes and hurricanes
-Gov gave 2000 grants to homeowners in Oklahoma to build such rooms either outside or
inside their homes
Dams/Levees - correct answer-dam is an engineered structure designed to hold back water.
our countrys dams are on average 52 years old and most are in need of repair. Levees are
situated alongside rivers and are designed to prevent overtopping when floods occur.
estimated that 100 billion is needed to make improvements on our countrys existing levee
system
-43% of our population relies on our levee system
Building resilience - correct answer-buildings must be able to withstand a variety of forces
, blast performance - correct answer-makes buildings more structurally resilient in the face of
bombs, tornadoes and hurricane force winds
hardening - correct answer-the process of accessing and incorporating materials and
procedures to safeguard a building
advantages and disadvantages of structural mitigation - correct answer-structural mitigation
saves lives and promotes resilience of the built environment
-may be expensive and ultimately may fail
nonstructural mitigation - correct answer-land use planning, building codes and enforcement,
and relocations such as moving a community out of harms way
advantages and disadvantages of nonstructural mitigation - correct answer-efforts are not as
costly as structural mitigation efforts, but, even so, may still be too costly for some
communities and individuals to afford
-if the whole community is not committed to the efforts of nonstructural mitigation everyone
will suffer
launching mitigation planning - correct answer--first step is to inspire the public to act
towards a plan
-whole community must be involved
-cultural aspects must be considered even with the local way of meeting
the hazard mitigation planning process (FEMA recommended steps)- may take years to
accomplish these steps - correct answer--organize resources- lots of effort toward
convincing public the need for mitigation- long term effectiveness often works...investment
now pays dividends later
-assess risks- conduct loss estimations for schools, businesses, hospitals
-develop a mitigation plan- involves the community as get them to inform one another,
prioritizing comes first
-implement the plan- strategy and timeline to mitigate future risks
recovery - correct answer-is a process involving a series of short-term and long-term stages
or steps.
short term recovery - correct answer-includes restoring utilities and infrastructures.
Temporary housing
long term recovery - correct answer-involves the community in figuring out the how, when,
and where to rebuild, includes a timeline and organizes people, resources and organizations
into a consensus- based vision of normalcy
reconstruction - correct answer--to rebuild
-may provide an opportunity to re-think how a community rebuilds
-more energy efficiency, greener homes, relocation of utilities underground
restoration - correct answer--returning to the way things were before
