Enzymology for Clinical Chemistry.
Enzyme - correct answer-A PROTEIN that acts as a biochemical CATALYST by affecting the
rate at which a reaction proceeds.
Substrate - correct answer-The material acted on by the enzyme
Product - correct answer-The material produced as the result of an enzyme acting upon a
substrate.
1. Enzyme binds to substrate at their active site
2. [ES] complex brings substrate molecule into proper alignment with enzyme
3. Products are formed and the free enzyme can combine with excess free substrate
4. The enzyme is not altered or consumed in the reaction.
Coenzyme - correct answer-An organic nonprotein molecule that certain enzymes require for
enzymatic activity. (Similar to an activator or second substrate and often referred to as a
cofactor) A molecule of nicotinamide adenin dinucleotide (NAD), serves as a hydrogen
donator or acceptor in oxidoreductase reactions. Most coenzymes are vitamins with NAD
coming from the vitamin B complex.
NAD - correct answer-Oxidized from zero abs. at 340 nm. H+ acceptor
NADH - correct answer-Reduced form Maximum abs. at 340 nm H+ donator
Activator - correct answer-An inorganic ion that certain enzymes require for enzymatic
activity. (Similar to coenzyme, and often referred to as a cofactor.) The enzyme amylase
requires calcium chloride ions for its activation. they help bind the substrate to the active site
by forming ionic bridges.
Inhibitor. - correct answer-A substance that decreases the rate of a reaction by binding to the
active site of the enzyme and blocking access of substrate to enzyme.
Apoenzyme - correct answer-The enzyme or protein portion of the complex.
Holoenzyme. - correct answer-The combination of the enzyme portion (apoenzyme) and its
appropriate coenzyme that forms a complete active system.
Katal - correct answer-The amount of an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction rate of one mole
per second. Proposed new enzyme unit.
Isoenzymes - correct answer-Multiple forms of an enzyme. They are enzymes that catalyze
the same reaction but have different molecular structures and vary in their:
-Immunological properties
-tissue of origin
-electrophoretic mobility
-Consist of two or more polypeptide chains that are not identical.
Enzyme - correct answer-A PROTEIN that acts as a biochemical CATALYST by affecting the
rate at which a reaction proceeds.
Substrate - correct answer-The material acted on by the enzyme
Product - correct answer-The material produced as the result of an enzyme acting upon a
substrate.
1. Enzyme binds to substrate at their active site
2. [ES] complex brings substrate molecule into proper alignment with enzyme
3. Products are formed and the free enzyme can combine with excess free substrate
4. The enzyme is not altered or consumed in the reaction.
Coenzyme - correct answer-An organic nonprotein molecule that certain enzymes require for
enzymatic activity. (Similar to an activator or second substrate and often referred to as a
cofactor) A molecule of nicotinamide adenin dinucleotide (NAD), serves as a hydrogen
donator or acceptor in oxidoreductase reactions. Most coenzymes are vitamins with NAD
coming from the vitamin B complex.
NAD - correct answer-Oxidized from zero abs. at 340 nm. H+ acceptor
NADH - correct answer-Reduced form Maximum abs. at 340 nm H+ donator
Activator - correct answer-An inorganic ion that certain enzymes require for enzymatic
activity. (Similar to coenzyme, and often referred to as a cofactor.) The enzyme amylase
requires calcium chloride ions for its activation. they help bind the substrate to the active site
by forming ionic bridges.
Inhibitor. - correct answer-A substance that decreases the rate of a reaction by binding to the
active site of the enzyme and blocking access of substrate to enzyme.
Apoenzyme - correct answer-The enzyme or protein portion of the complex.
Holoenzyme. - correct answer-The combination of the enzyme portion (apoenzyme) and its
appropriate coenzyme that forms a complete active system.
Katal - correct answer-The amount of an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction rate of one mole
per second. Proposed new enzyme unit.
Isoenzymes - correct answer-Multiple forms of an enzyme. They are enzymes that catalyze
the same reaction but have different molecular structures and vary in their:
-Immunological properties
-tissue of origin
-electrophoretic mobility
-Consist of two or more polypeptide chains that are not identical.
