PC707 Module 1 Study Guide | 100% Correct
Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version
What is prescriptive authority? - ✔✔Legal right to prescribe drugs
Is the Physicians Desk Reference a reliable source to use when prescribing drugs? - ✔✔No--it is not
evidence-based and it is not updated
What is the sunshine act? - ✔✔
-part of the affordable care act
-limits providers on accepting gifts from pharmaceutical companies
-reduces bias
What is pharmacology? - ✔✔
-study of the drugs and their actions and effects on living things
-legal drugs, illegal drugs, prescription drugs, OTC drugs
How does the FDA define drugs that they approve? - ✔✔-chemicals that have been proved for safety and
efficacy
What must providers consider when prescribing? - ✔✔-the dose
-the route of administration
-indications
-side effects of consequence
-adverse effects
-contraindications
-significant drug-drug interactions
-appropriate monitoring
-treatment of side effects if necessary
,What is pharmacokinetics? - ✔✔-how drugs move in the body and what the body does with it
How does pharmacokinetics influence prescribing? - ✔✔-the route
-the dosage needed
-dosing intervals
What are the 4 aspects of pharmacokinetics? - ✔✔-absorption
-distribution
-metabolism
-excretion
What affects bioavailability the most? - ✔✔PO administration
What is a pro-drug? - ✔✔-a drug that needs to be metabolized to become "activated"
What is the major organ of metabolism? - ✔✔-Liver
-Uses enzymes called "CYPs"
-these enzymes can induce or inhibit metabolism
What is protein-binding? - ✔✔-drugs that have a high affinity for proteins will bind with them and
therefore become unable to bind to receptor sites
-in order to activate receptors they must be free circulating molecules
What is the half-life of a drug? - ✔✔-how long it takes for a drug at its original amount to be reduced by
50%
Why is it important to know the half-life of a drug? - ✔✔-to help determine dosing intervals to maintain
therapeutic levels
What is the first-pass effect? - ✔✔-alteration of the drug dose by metabolism before it reaches systemic
circulation
, -only happens with PO medications
What are the genetic variances of metabolism? - ✔✔-poor metabolizers (certain enzymes are little to
none)
-intermediate metabolizers
-extensive metabolizers (NORMAL)
-ultra-rapid metabolizers (duplicate genes to make extra enzymes)
What is the primary organ of excretion? - ✔✔kidneys
What are other methods of excretion? - ✔✔-saliva
-sweat
-breastmilk
-skin
-lungs
Why would the elderly have a smaller first-pass effect? Why is this important to know? - ✔✔-decreased
liver mass
-decreased enzymes
-->this is important because with a smaller first pass effect higher drugs levels will reach circulation
What does the rate of excretion depend primarily on? - ✔✔-renal blood flow
-glomerular filtration rate
Can side effects be negative AND positive? - ✔✔Yes
What is an adverse effect? - ✔✔-negative side effect
-undesirable
-unintended
Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version
What is prescriptive authority? - ✔✔Legal right to prescribe drugs
Is the Physicians Desk Reference a reliable source to use when prescribing drugs? - ✔✔No--it is not
evidence-based and it is not updated
What is the sunshine act? - ✔✔
-part of the affordable care act
-limits providers on accepting gifts from pharmaceutical companies
-reduces bias
What is pharmacology? - ✔✔
-study of the drugs and their actions and effects on living things
-legal drugs, illegal drugs, prescription drugs, OTC drugs
How does the FDA define drugs that they approve? - ✔✔-chemicals that have been proved for safety and
efficacy
What must providers consider when prescribing? - ✔✔-the dose
-the route of administration
-indications
-side effects of consequence
-adverse effects
-contraindications
-significant drug-drug interactions
-appropriate monitoring
-treatment of side effects if necessary
,What is pharmacokinetics? - ✔✔-how drugs move in the body and what the body does with it
How does pharmacokinetics influence prescribing? - ✔✔-the route
-the dosage needed
-dosing intervals
What are the 4 aspects of pharmacokinetics? - ✔✔-absorption
-distribution
-metabolism
-excretion
What affects bioavailability the most? - ✔✔PO administration
What is a pro-drug? - ✔✔-a drug that needs to be metabolized to become "activated"
What is the major organ of metabolism? - ✔✔-Liver
-Uses enzymes called "CYPs"
-these enzymes can induce or inhibit metabolism
What is protein-binding? - ✔✔-drugs that have a high affinity for proteins will bind with them and
therefore become unable to bind to receptor sites
-in order to activate receptors they must be free circulating molecules
What is the half-life of a drug? - ✔✔-how long it takes for a drug at its original amount to be reduced by
50%
Why is it important to know the half-life of a drug? - ✔✔-to help determine dosing intervals to maintain
therapeutic levels
What is the first-pass effect? - ✔✔-alteration of the drug dose by metabolism before it reaches systemic
circulation
, -only happens with PO medications
What are the genetic variances of metabolism? - ✔✔-poor metabolizers (certain enzymes are little to
none)
-intermediate metabolizers
-extensive metabolizers (NORMAL)
-ultra-rapid metabolizers (duplicate genes to make extra enzymes)
What is the primary organ of excretion? - ✔✔kidneys
What are other methods of excretion? - ✔✔-saliva
-sweat
-breastmilk
-skin
-lungs
Why would the elderly have a smaller first-pass effect? Why is this important to know? - ✔✔-decreased
liver mass
-decreased enzymes
-->this is important because with a smaller first pass effect higher drugs levels will reach circulation
What does the rate of excretion depend primarily on? - ✔✔-renal blood flow
-glomerular filtration rate
Can side effects be negative AND positive? - ✔✔Yes
What is an adverse effect? - ✔✔-negative side effect
-undesirable
-unintended
