Forensics - Unit 2 Test Review
goal of crime scene investigation - correct answer-recognize, document, and collect
evidence at the scene of a crime
solving the crime depends on... - correct answer-piecing together evidence to form a picture
of what happened
a single ______ or _____ could allow a crime to be reconstructed and lead police to the
suspect - correct answer-hair, clothing fiber
chain of custody - correct answer-the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
class evidence - correct answer-material that connects an individual or thing to a certain
group
individual evidence - correct answer-a kind of evidence that identifies a particular person or
thing
circumstantial evidence - correct answer-(indirect evidence) evidence used to imply a fact
but not prove it directly
direct evidence - correct answer-evidence that (if true) proves an alleged fact, such as an
eyewitness account of a crime
first responder - correct answer-the first police officer to arrive at a crime scene
primary crime scene - correct answer-the location where the crime took place
secondary crime scene - correct answer-a location other than the primary crime scene, but
that is in some way related to the crime, where evidence is found
crime-scene investigation - correct answer-a multidisciplinary approach in which scientific
and legal professionals work together to solve a crime
crime-scene reconstruction - correct answer-a hypothesis of the sequence of events from
before the crime was committed through its commission
trace evidence - correct answer-small but measurable amounts of physical or biological
material found at a crime scene
paper bindle - correct answer-a folded paper used to hold trace evidence
Locard's Principle of Exchange - correct answer-when a person comes in contact with an
object or another person, a cross-transfer of physical material can occur
, when two people contact each other, physical transfer occurs. to a forensic examiner, these
transferred materials constitute what is called trace evidence
ex of trace evidence: hair, skin cells, makeup, fibers, pollen, etc.
dr. edmond locard - correct answer-established several important ideas that are still part of
forensic studies today
part 1 of locard's principle of exchange - correct answer-when a person comes in contact
with an object/person, a cross transfer of physical evidence can occur. "every contact leaves
a trace"
ex: he used trace evidence from under a female victim's fingernails to help identify her
attacker
part 2 of locard's principle of exchange - correct answer-the intensity, duration, and nature of
the materials in contact determine the extent of the transfer
ex. a fist fight would result in more transfer. a person brushing past another would result in
less transfer.
2 types of evidence - correct answer-direct and circumstantial
direct evidence comes from... - correct answer-first-hand observations
ex. eyewitness accounts, police dashboard video, testimony from an eyewitness,
confessions
circumstantial evidence can... - correct answer-imply a fact, but does not prove it. can be
either physical or biological in nature.
ex. finding a suspect's gun at the crime scene. no one may know the link except the victim or
the suspect
examples of physical evidence - correct answer-fingerprints, footprints, shoe prints,
weapons, bullets/shell casings
examples of biological evidence - correct answer-bodily fluids, hair, plant parts (natural
resources), natural fibers
most physical evidence is... - correct answer-class evidence - it generally reduces the
number of suspects to a smaller possible group of individuals.
ex. size 10 shoe print, a blue synthetic fiber
biological evidence can be either... - correct answer-class or individual evidence - it may
reduce suspects to a likely individual
goal of crime scene investigation - correct answer-recognize, document, and collect
evidence at the scene of a crime
solving the crime depends on... - correct answer-piecing together evidence to form a picture
of what happened
a single ______ or _____ could allow a crime to be reconstructed and lead police to the
suspect - correct answer-hair, clothing fiber
chain of custody - correct answer-the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
class evidence - correct answer-material that connects an individual or thing to a certain
group
individual evidence - correct answer-a kind of evidence that identifies a particular person or
thing
circumstantial evidence - correct answer-(indirect evidence) evidence used to imply a fact
but not prove it directly
direct evidence - correct answer-evidence that (if true) proves an alleged fact, such as an
eyewitness account of a crime
first responder - correct answer-the first police officer to arrive at a crime scene
primary crime scene - correct answer-the location where the crime took place
secondary crime scene - correct answer-a location other than the primary crime scene, but
that is in some way related to the crime, where evidence is found
crime-scene investigation - correct answer-a multidisciplinary approach in which scientific
and legal professionals work together to solve a crime
crime-scene reconstruction - correct answer-a hypothesis of the sequence of events from
before the crime was committed through its commission
trace evidence - correct answer-small but measurable amounts of physical or biological
material found at a crime scene
paper bindle - correct answer-a folded paper used to hold trace evidence
Locard's Principle of Exchange - correct answer-when a person comes in contact with an
object or another person, a cross-transfer of physical material can occur
, when two people contact each other, physical transfer occurs. to a forensic examiner, these
transferred materials constitute what is called trace evidence
ex of trace evidence: hair, skin cells, makeup, fibers, pollen, etc.
dr. edmond locard - correct answer-established several important ideas that are still part of
forensic studies today
part 1 of locard's principle of exchange - correct answer-when a person comes in contact
with an object/person, a cross transfer of physical evidence can occur. "every contact leaves
a trace"
ex: he used trace evidence from under a female victim's fingernails to help identify her
attacker
part 2 of locard's principle of exchange - correct answer-the intensity, duration, and nature of
the materials in contact determine the extent of the transfer
ex. a fist fight would result in more transfer. a person brushing past another would result in
less transfer.
2 types of evidence - correct answer-direct and circumstantial
direct evidence comes from... - correct answer-first-hand observations
ex. eyewitness accounts, police dashboard video, testimony from an eyewitness,
confessions
circumstantial evidence can... - correct answer-imply a fact, but does not prove it. can be
either physical or biological in nature.
ex. finding a suspect's gun at the crime scene. no one may know the link except the victim or
the suspect
examples of physical evidence - correct answer-fingerprints, footprints, shoe prints,
weapons, bullets/shell casings
examples of biological evidence - correct answer-bodily fluids, hair, plant parts (natural
resources), natural fibers
most physical evidence is... - correct answer-class evidence - it generally reduces the
number of suspects to a smaller possible group of individuals.
ex. size 10 shoe print, a blue synthetic fiber
biological evidence can be either... - correct answer-class or individual evidence - it may
reduce suspects to a likely individual
