Liberalism essay plans
liberals agree on human nature - correct answer-individualism, freedom, equality
Individualism - correct answer-all people are sovereign
Individualism for classical liberals - correct answer-individuals have supreme importance
over any social group.
Egotistical individualism - correct answer-describes individuals that are self-seeking and
self-reliant, society does not exist, but it is merely a collection of self-sufficient individuals
who wish to satisfy their own wants and needs
individual sovereignty so state intervention should be - correct answer-minimal
individualism thinker CL - correct answer-John Locke believed people who seek to maximise
the realm of unconstrained individual action. Life, liberty and property
individualism for modern liberals - correct answer-individuals should receive social and
economic intervention in order to promote personal development.
Developmental individualism - correct answer-individuals hold a more optimistic view on
state intervention and agree, liberals are united in their desire to create a society in which
each person is capable of developing and flourishing to the fullness of his or her potential.
Opportunity through help and assistance.
individualism ML thinker - correct answer-John Rawls
CL argue that individuals should act upon - correct answer-negative freedom.
Negative freedom is - correct answer-an opportunity free from any interference to pursue
individual interests even if it leads to the harm of others. a 'license' to right to abuse.
freedom CL thinker - correct answer-Smiles, believed in natural meritocracy, that individuals
should be judged, succeed or fail based on their willingness to work and talents. This was
expressed by Smiles' book 'self-help'.
Freedom for ML - correct answer-individuals should act on positive Freedom = to be
autonomous, where the individuals seek liberty but there is a condition. To develop skills and
talents to broaden his or her understanding and gain fulfilment.
Ex freedom for ML - correct answer-Egoism is a bad trait as
what did Lord Acton say on power - correct answer-'Power tends to corrupt and absolute
power tends to corrupt absolutely'- .
, Equality - correct answer-equal moral worth through rights
Equality for classical liberals - correct answer-fiercely disapprove of any social privileges on
advantages.
Ex equality for classical liberals - correct answer-they hold the belief of equality of
opportunity and that individuals possess different talents and skills so they have a right to
reward merit creating a meritocracy (inequalities of wealth and income solely reflect the
unequal distribution of talent and application).
CL Thinker on equality - correct answer-JS Mill - Harm principle, individuals should be free to
do anything except harm others. Tolerance, popularity of a views doesn't make it correct
ML view on equality and thinker - correct answer-John Rawls, believed that economic
inequality is only justifiable if it works to benefit the poorest of society (trickle-down effect)
'theory of justice'.
EX ML equality - correct answer-claim the state can be used to create individual freedom.
Liberals agree on the role of the state - correct answer-size of the state, purpose, economic
policy, intervention
CL State should be strongly controlled - correct answer-'necessary evil' because of the
Social Contract Theory which ensures accountability. Also, state ensures protection of rights.
what do Both branches agree on because of social justice - correct answer-foundational
equality
CL thinker on role of state - correct answer-John Locke authority on consent
Neo liberal theory of role on the state - correct answer-Robert Nozick 'Night-watchman state'
John Locke's Natural rights - correct answer-'life, liberty and property' or Thomas Jefferson
'life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness
ML thinker role of state - correct answer-John Rawls the state must provide a life worth living
How do liberals agree on the role of the state? - correct answer-Sovereignty of the individual
and social justice is crucial to liberalism. On the whole, it must be seen that all liberals agree
that the state must be there in order to ensure at least the 3 natural rights. This is the extent
of their agreement. foundational rights and it as a 'necessary evil'
How do liberals disagree on the extent of social justice - correct answer-Modern Liberals
emphasise formal equality such as Women's rights in order to achieve complete equality.
Classical Liberals just stress foundational equality
Thinker for state limitation: - correct answer-Mary Wollstonecraft women are as rational as
men so there should be equality of opportunity. This idea is shared by Betty Freidan who
liberals agree on human nature - correct answer-individualism, freedom, equality
Individualism - correct answer-all people are sovereign
Individualism for classical liberals - correct answer-individuals have supreme importance
over any social group.
Egotistical individualism - correct answer-describes individuals that are self-seeking and
self-reliant, society does not exist, but it is merely a collection of self-sufficient individuals
who wish to satisfy their own wants and needs
individual sovereignty so state intervention should be - correct answer-minimal
individualism thinker CL - correct answer-John Locke believed people who seek to maximise
the realm of unconstrained individual action. Life, liberty and property
individualism for modern liberals - correct answer-individuals should receive social and
economic intervention in order to promote personal development.
Developmental individualism - correct answer-individuals hold a more optimistic view on
state intervention and agree, liberals are united in their desire to create a society in which
each person is capable of developing and flourishing to the fullness of his or her potential.
Opportunity through help and assistance.
individualism ML thinker - correct answer-John Rawls
CL argue that individuals should act upon - correct answer-negative freedom.
Negative freedom is - correct answer-an opportunity free from any interference to pursue
individual interests even if it leads to the harm of others. a 'license' to right to abuse.
freedom CL thinker - correct answer-Smiles, believed in natural meritocracy, that individuals
should be judged, succeed or fail based on their willingness to work and talents. This was
expressed by Smiles' book 'self-help'.
Freedom for ML - correct answer-individuals should act on positive Freedom = to be
autonomous, where the individuals seek liberty but there is a condition. To develop skills and
talents to broaden his or her understanding and gain fulfilment.
Ex freedom for ML - correct answer-Egoism is a bad trait as
what did Lord Acton say on power - correct answer-'Power tends to corrupt and absolute
power tends to corrupt absolutely'- .
, Equality - correct answer-equal moral worth through rights
Equality for classical liberals - correct answer-fiercely disapprove of any social privileges on
advantages.
Ex equality for classical liberals - correct answer-they hold the belief of equality of
opportunity and that individuals possess different talents and skills so they have a right to
reward merit creating a meritocracy (inequalities of wealth and income solely reflect the
unequal distribution of talent and application).
CL Thinker on equality - correct answer-JS Mill - Harm principle, individuals should be free to
do anything except harm others. Tolerance, popularity of a views doesn't make it correct
ML view on equality and thinker - correct answer-John Rawls, believed that economic
inequality is only justifiable if it works to benefit the poorest of society (trickle-down effect)
'theory of justice'.
EX ML equality - correct answer-claim the state can be used to create individual freedom.
Liberals agree on the role of the state - correct answer-size of the state, purpose, economic
policy, intervention
CL State should be strongly controlled - correct answer-'necessary evil' because of the
Social Contract Theory which ensures accountability. Also, state ensures protection of rights.
what do Both branches agree on because of social justice - correct answer-foundational
equality
CL thinker on role of state - correct answer-John Locke authority on consent
Neo liberal theory of role on the state - correct answer-Robert Nozick 'Night-watchman state'
John Locke's Natural rights - correct answer-'life, liberty and property' or Thomas Jefferson
'life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness
ML thinker role of state - correct answer-John Rawls the state must provide a life worth living
How do liberals agree on the role of the state? - correct answer-Sovereignty of the individual
and social justice is crucial to liberalism. On the whole, it must be seen that all liberals agree
that the state must be there in order to ensure at least the 3 natural rights. This is the extent
of their agreement. foundational rights and it as a 'necessary evil'
How do liberals disagree on the extent of social justice - correct answer-Modern Liberals
emphasise formal equality such as Women's rights in order to achieve complete equality.
Classical Liberals just stress foundational equality
Thinker for state limitation: - correct answer-Mary Wollstonecraft women are as rational as
men so there should be equality of opportunity. This idea is shared by Betty Freidan who
