Development of the urinary system
Urinary system - correct answer-- Urinary system is made up of kidneys, ureters, urinary
bladder and urethra.
- Urethra - in female short, in males its longer
Links between the urinary and genital system during development - correct answer--
Functionally two components - Urinary and genital system.
- Developmentally intimately interwoven.
- Derived from intermediate mesoderm as a common ridge along the posterior abdominal
wall (retroperitoneal) and cloaca.
Different types of mesoderm - correct answer-- The trilaminar embryo has outer ectoderm,
inner endoderm, and in between is the mesoderm.
- The mesoderm is divided into 3 parts
- Paraxial mesoderm - by the side of the axis of the body, develops in to sclerotome,
dermatome, myotome, and will give rise to bones, muscles and dermis of the skin in that
particular region
- Lateral plate mesoderm - in which body cavities appear, they fuse, and after the complete
folding of the embryo, there is a formation of a single intra-embryonic coelom, which gives
rise to future peritoneal, pericardial and pleural cavities
- Intermediate mesoderm - the middle part of mesoderm, it projects into the coelomic cavity
forming a ridge, which is known as urogenital ridge. This urogenital ridge is covered by
coelomic epithelium lining the peritoneal cavity.
--> Intermediate mesoderm
Formation of nephrogenic cord - correct answer-- Before folding - the intermediate
mesoderm is between paraxial mesoderm and lateral plate mesoderm.
- After folding - it forms the urogenital ridge
- Its surface is covered by the epithelium lining the peritoneal cavity (coelomic epithelium).
- The urogenital ridge is divided into two parts
o medial part - genital ridge - aka gonadal ridge
o lateral part - nephrogenic cord
- Nephrogenic cord - cervical region to the sacral region of the embryo
- Nephrogenic cord is the future site for kidneys
- It extends from the neck up to the sacrum
Development of kidney - correct answer-- The vertebrate kidney has passed through three
stages of evolution
, - Three sections of the nephrogenic cord:
- Pronephros - most primitive, In cervical region, disappears
- This develops the duct system and pronephric duct and both will disappear
- Mesonephros - functioning kidney of most anamniotes
- Thoracolumbar region
- In humans - only duct system persists which develop into male genital ducts
- It has its own duct known as the mesonephric duct
- The mesonephros will disappear, but the mesonephric duct will not - it persists in humans
and will develop into the male genital ducts
- Metanephros - functioning kidney of most amniotes including man
- Sacral region ascends up To the lumbar region
- The duct system of the metanephros is the ureteric bud coming from mesonephric duct.
Development of Kidney and ureter - correct answer-- The ureteric bud goes towards the
metanephros, branches forming the renal sinus
- It rebranches, forming the major calyces
- Further branching, forming the minor calyces
- And even further branching forming the collecting ducts
- So entire collecting system of the kidney is derived from this ureteric bud
- The nephrons, which are secretory units, are derived from the metanephric tissue -
metanephric blastema
- They will get communicated with each other so that the urine secreted by nephrons will be
collected by collecting tubules and it will go down into the ureters
- Kidneys ascend
- They develop in the pelvic region and they ascend up to their adult position in the lumbar
region
- And the kidneys rotate
- Hilum was facing anteriorly in sacral region
- As they ascend up they are rotating, so that the hilum faces medially
- Secretory part - metanephros
- Collecting part - ureteric bud
- Ascends up to lumbar region
- Rotates - anteriorly located hilum now lies medially
- Ureter - ureteric bud - from mesonephric duct - Ureter develops from ureteric bud which is
coming from the mesonephric duct
Developmental abnormalities of kidney and ureter - correct answer-- Pelvic Kidney
Urinary system - correct answer-- Urinary system is made up of kidneys, ureters, urinary
bladder and urethra.
- Urethra - in female short, in males its longer
Links between the urinary and genital system during development - correct answer--
Functionally two components - Urinary and genital system.
- Developmentally intimately interwoven.
- Derived from intermediate mesoderm as a common ridge along the posterior abdominal
wall (retroperitoneal) and cloaca.
Different types of mesoderm - correct answer-- The trilaminar embryo has outer ectoderm,
inner endoderm, and in between is the mesoderm.
- The mesoderm is divided into 3 parts
- Paraxial mesoderm - by the side of the axis of the body, develops in to sclerotome,
dermatome, myotome, and will give rise to bones, muscles and dermis of the skin in that
particular region
- Lateral plate mesoderm - in which body cavities appear, they fuse, and after the complete
folding of the embryo, there is a formation of a single intra-embryonic coelom, which gives
rise to future peritoneal, pericardial and pleural cavities
- Intermediate mesoderm - the middle part of mesoderm, it projects into the coelomic cavity
forming a ridge, which is known as urogenital ridge. This urogenital ridge is covered by
coelomic epithelium lining the peritoneal cavity.
--> Intermediate mesoderm
Formation of nephrogenic cord - correct answer-- Before folding - the intermediate
mesoderm is between paraxial mesoderm and lateral plate mesoderm.
- After folding - it forms the urogenital ridge
- Its surface is covered by the epithelium lining the peritoneal cavity (coelomic epithelium).
- The urogenital ridge is divided into two parts
o medial part - genital ridge - aka gonadal ridge
o lateral part - nephrogenic cord
- Nephrogenic cord - cervical region to the sacral region of the embryo
- Nephrogenic cord is the future site for kidneys
- It extends from the neck up to the sacrum
Development of kidney - correct answer-- The vertebrate kidney has passed through three
stages of evolution
, - Three sections of the nephrogenic cord:
- Pronephros - most primitive, In cervical region, disappears
- This develops the duct system and pronephric duct and both will disappear
- Mesonephros - functioning kidney of most anamniotes
- Thoracolumbar region
- In humans - only duct system persists which develop into male genital ducts
- It has its own duct known as the mesonephric duct
- The mesonephros will disappear, but the mesonephric duct will not - it persists in humans
and will develop into the male genital ducts
- Metanephros - functioning kidney of most amniotes including man
- Sacral region ascends up To the lumbar region
- The duct system of the metanephros is the ureteric bud coming from mesonephric duct.
Development of Kidney and ureter - correct answer-- The ureteric bud goes towards the
metanephros, branches forming the renal sinus
- It rebranches, forming the major calyces
- Further branching, forming the minor calyces
- And even further branching forming the collecting ducts
- So entire collecting system of the kidney is derived from this ureteric bud
- The nephrons, which are secretory units, are derived from the metanephric tissue -
metanephric blastema
- They will get communicated with each other so that the urine secreted by nephrons will be
collected by collecting tubules and it will go down into the ureters
- Kidneys ascend
- They develop in the pelvic region and they ascend up to their adult position in the lumbar
region
- And the kidneys rotate
- Hilum was facing anteriorly in sacral region
- As they ascend up they are rotating, so that the hilum faces medially
- Secretory part - metanephros
- Collecting part - ureteric bud
- Ascends up to lumbar region
- Rotates - anteriorly located hilum now lies medially
- Ureter - ureteric bud - from mesonephric duct - Ureter develops from ureteric bud which is
coming from the mesonephric duct
Developmental abnormalities of kidney and ureter - correct answer-- Pelvic Kidney
