the psychodynamic approach
describe the structure of the personality according to the psychodynamic approach - correct
answer-the personality is made up of different elements in conflict
describe the id - correct answer-the id operates on the pleasure principle, it is selfish and
demands instant gratification; an individual with an overly dominant id might become
impulsive, uncontrollable or even criminal as they act upon their most basic urges with no
concern for whether the behaviour is appropriate, acceptable or legal
describe the ego - correct answer-the ego acts rationally, balancing the demands of the id
and superego, in areas of significant conflict the ego uses unconscious defence mechanisms
to reduce anxiety
describe the superego - correct answer-the superego is concerned with keeping to moral
norms; if this is dominant it may lead to a person experiencing huge anxiety due to the
burden of trying to live up to the high moral standards of the superego, OCD could be linked
into this psyche as compulsions can help to reduce this anxiety
when does the id, ego and superego develop - correct answer-id: 0-18m
ego: 18m - 3y
superego: 3-6y
what does the ego do to reduce anxiety and what is this called - correct answer-it uses
unconscious strategies to reduce anxiety - this is called ego defence mechanisms
describe repression - correct answer-when an unpleasant memory, such as a traumatic
childhood experience, is pushed into the unconscious mind where it is not accessible, there
is no recall of the event and therefore it does not cause anxiety
describe denial - correct answer-the refusal to accept the reality of an unpleasant situation,
for example a wife might find evidence that her husband is cheating on her but explain it
away using other reasons, this therefore reduces the anxiety caused by the situation
describe displacement - correct answer-when the focus of a strong emotion is expressed
onto a neutral object, for example slamming the door after an argument with a friend, this
reduces anxiety by allowing expression of that emotion
describe the oral stage of development - correct answer-(0-1), the focus of the libido energy
is the mouth, the child gets pleasure from sucking, biting, and breastfeeding; the conflict
here is weaning, a fixation at this stage may contribute to behaviours such as smoking and
overeating as an adult
describe the anal stage of development - correct answer-(1-2), the focus of the libido energy
is the anus, the child gets pleasure from bowl movements, withholding and expelling faeces;
the conflict here is toilet training, a fixation at this stage may lead to an anal expulsive
describe the structure of the personality according to the psychodynamic approach - correct
answer-the personality is made up of different elements in conflict
describe the id - correct answer-the id operates on the pleasure principle, it is selfish and
demands instant gratification; an individual with an overly dominant id might become
impulsive, uncontrollable or even criminal as they act upon their most basic urges with no
concern for whether the behaviour is appropriate, acceptable or legal
describe the ego - correct answer-the ego acts rationally, balancing the demands of the id
and superego, in areas of significant conflict the ego uses unconscious defence mechanisms
to reduce anxiety
describe the superego - correct answer-the superego is concerned with keeping to moral
norms; if this is dominant it may lead to a person experiencing huge anxiety due to the
burden of trying to live up to the high moral standards of the superego, OCD could be linked
into this psyche as compulsions can help to reduce this anxiety
when does the id, ego and superego develop - correct answer-id: 0-18m
ego: 18m - 3y
superego: 3-6y
what does the ego do to reduce anxiety and what is this called - correct answer-it uses
unconscious strategies to reduce anxiety - this is called ego defence mechanisms
describe repression - correct answer-when an unpleasant memory, such as a traumatic
childhood experience, is pushed into the unconscious mind where it is not accessible, there
is no recall of the event and therefore it does not cause anxiety
describe denial - correct answer-the refusal to accept the reality of an unpleasant situation,
for example a wife might find evidence that her husband is cheating on her but explain it
away using other reasons, this therefore reduces the anxiety caused by the situation
describe displacement - correct answer-when the focus of a strong emotion is expressed
onto a neutral object, for example slamming the door after an argument with a friend, this
reduces anxiety by allowing expression of that emotion
describe the oral stage of development - correct answer-(0-1), the focus of the libido energy
is the mouth, the child gets pleasure from sucking, biting, and breastfeeding; the conflict
here is weaning, a fixation at this stage may contribute to behaviours such as smoking and
overeating as an adult
describe the anal stage of development - correct answer-(1-2), the focus of the libido energy
is the anus, the child gets pleasure from bowl movements, withholding and expelling faeces;
the conflict here is toilet training, a fixation at this stage may lead to an anal expulsive
