Microbiology Exam 1 Chapters 1,3,4,5,6
Questions and answers
Microorganisms(microbes) - correct answer-organisms that are too small to be seen with an
unaided eye
-bacteria, fungi(yeast moulds), protozoa, viruses, & microscopic algae
Naming Or Classifying - correct answer-genus specific epithet(species name)
italicised or underlined
genus= capitalised or specific epithet is lowercase
Types of microorganisms - correct answer-Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Protozoa, Algae,
Viruses, Multi-cellular animal parasites, Prions
Prokaryote - correct answer-organisms without a nucleus
Bacteria - correct answer-Prokaryotes
Shapes: -bacillus -coccus -spiral
Forms pairs, chains& clusters
Peptidoglycan cell walls
Reproduce: binary fission
Energy: organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals or photosynthesis
Many can swim with flagella
Archaea - correct answer-Prokaryotic
No Peptidogycan
Live in extreme environments
3 main groups:
- Methanogens: produce methane as waste product
- Extreme Halophiles: live in extreme salty environments
- Extreme Thermophiles: live in hot sulfurous waters
Not parasitic
Eukaryotes - correct answer-organisms whose genetic material has a nucleus
Fungi - correct answer-Eukaryotes
Chitin cell walls
Organic chemicals for energy
Molds& Mushrooms= multi-cellular have masses of mycelia, composed of hypae
Yeasts are unicellular
Reproduce sexually or asexually
Protozoa - correct answer-Unicellular eukaryotes
ingest organic chemicals
may be motile bc of pseudopods(false feet) cilia or flagella
, reproduce sexually or asexually
Algae - correct answer-Eukaryotes
Cellulose cell walls
abundant in fresh& salt water environments
Use photosynthesis for energy
- produce molecular oxygen& organic compounds
-utilizing by other organisms
reproduce sexually or asexually
Viruses - correct answer-Very small, can be seen with an electron microscope
Acellular
Consist on DNA or RNA core surrounded by protein coat that may be enclosed in a lipid
envelope
Viruses are replicated only when they are in living host cell
Multicellular Animal Parasites - correct answer-Eukaryotes
2 Major Groups of Parasitic Worms:
flatworms& roundworms
Anton van Leeuwenhoek - correct answer-described living microorganisms
made detailed drawings of "aniimalcules" from rainwater, feces& material from plague
Spontaneous Generation - correct answer-living organisms arise from non-living matter; vital
force forms life
Biogenesis - correct answer-living organisms arise from preexisting life
Louis Pasteur - correct answer-Proved microorganisms are present in air with S-shaped
flask
proved microbes are responsible for fermentation
Microbial growth is also responsible for spoilage of food
Bacteria could be killed by heats that was hot enough to evaporate alcohol in wine
Pasteur's S-shaped Flask - correct answer-kept microbes out but let air in
- discovers from basis of aseptic technique
- showed microbes can live on nonliving surfaces
Proved biogenesis
Pasteur's Work - correct answer-Lead to microbiology as a science
Pastuerization - correct answer-application of high heat for a short time
Germ Theory disease - correct answer-theory microbes cause disease
Ignaz Semmelwies - correct answer-used hand washing to prevent transmission of puerperal
fever from one OB patient to another
Questions and answers
Microorganisms(microbes) - correct answer-organisms that are too small to be seen with an
unaided eye
-bacteria, fungi(yeast moulds), protozoa, viruses, & microscopic algae
Naming Or Classifying - correct answer-genus specific epithet(species name)
italicised or underlined
genus= capitalised or specific epithet is lowercase
Types of microorganisms - correct answer-Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Protozoa, Algae,
Viruses, Multi-cellular animal parasites, Prions
Prokaryote - correct answer-organisms without a nucleus
Bacteria - correct answer-Prokaryotes
Shapes: -bacillus -coccus -spiral
Forms pairs, chains& clusters
Peptidoglycan cell walls
Reproduce: binary fission
Energy: organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals or photosynthesis
Many can swim with flagella
Archaea - correct answer-Prokaryotic
No Peptidogycan
Live in extreme environments
3 main groups:
- Methanogens: produce methane as waste product
- Extreme Halophiles: live in extreme salty environments
- Extreme Thermophiles: live in hot sulfurous waters
Not parasitic
Eukaryotes - correct answer-organisms whose genetic material has a nucleus
Fungi - correct answer-Eukaryotes
Chitin cell walls
Organic chemicals for energy
Molds& Mushrooms= multi-cellular have masses of mycelia, composed of hypae
Yeasts are unicellular
Reproduce sexually or asexually
Protozoa - correct answer-Unicellular eukaryotes
ingest organic chemicals
may be motile bc of pseudopods(false feet) cilia or flagella
, reproduce sexually or asexually
Algae - correct answer-Eukaryotes
Cellulose cell walls
abundant in fresh& salt water environments
Use photosynthesis for energy
- produce molecular oxygen& organic compounds
-utilizing by other organisms
reproduce sexually or asexually
Viruses - correct answer-Very small, can be seen with an electron microscope
Acellular
Consist on DNA or RNA core surrounded by protein coat that may be enclosed in a lipid
envelope
Viruses are replicated only when they are in living host cell
Multicellular Animal Parasites - correct answer-Eukaryotes
2 Major Groups of Parasitic Worms:
flatworms& roundworms
Anton van Leeuwenhoek - correct answer-described living microorganisms
made detailed drawings of "aniimalcules" from rainwater, feces& material from plague
Spontaneous Generation - correct answer-living organisms arise from non-living matter; vital
force forms life
Biogenesis - correct answer-living organisms arise from preexisting life
Louis Pasteur - correct answer-Proved microorganisms are present in air with S-shaped
flask
proved microbes are responsible for fermentation
Microbial growth is also responsible for spoilage of food
Bacteria could be killed by heats that was hot enough to evaporate alcohol in wine
Pasteur's S-shaped Flask - correct answer-kept microbes out but let air in
- discovers from basis of aseptic technique
- showed microbes can live on nonliving surfaces
Proved biogenesis
Pasteur's Work - correct answer-Lead to microbiology as a science
Pastuerization - correct answer-application of high heat for a short time
Germ Theory disease - correct answer-theory microbes cause disease
Ignaz Semmelwies - correct answer-used hand washing to prevent transmission of puerperal
fever from one OB patient to another
