Basic Science Perfusion Exam questions
and answer
ASD types - correct answer-Sinus venosus
Ostium Secundum
Ostium Primum
Sinus venosus is found - correct answer-high in atrial septum near SVC
Ostium Secundum is found - correct answer-atrial septum in fossa ovalic
MOST COMMON ASD
commonly found in downs syndrome (trisomy 21)
ostium primum is found - correct answer-low in atrial septum
endocardial cusion defect
ostuim primum is AKA - correct answer-partial or complete AV canal
VSD complication with closure - correct answer-complete heart block
4 types of VSDs - correct answer-type 1,2,3,4
type 1 VSD found - correct answer-b/w crista supraventricularis & the pulmonary valve
SUB AORTIC/ INFUNDIBULAR
type 2 VSD found - correct answer-caudal to the crista supraventricularis
PERIMEMBRANOUS, MOST COMMON
type 3 VSD found - correct answer-under septal leaflet of tricuspid valve
INLET VSD
type 4 VSD found - correct answer-muscular septum near the apex of right ventricle
MUSCULAR VSD
Coarctation of the Aorta - correct answer-narrowing of the aorta causing hypertension,
ventricular strain, and ischemia
most are located in the proximal descending aorta near the ligamentum arteriosum
Truncus arteriosus - correct answer-the aorta and Pulmonary artery both come off the same
truncus which only has one ventricular valve
VSD required for survival
truncus arteriosus is associated with was syndrome - correct answer-DiGeorges
, is an IgG deficiency disorder which means they have low levels of calcium. It impairs the
thymus and parathyroid function in uptake of calcium
Correctivve surgery for truncus arteriosus - correct answer-Rastelli procedure
Rastelli procedure - correct answer-tube graph with valve connecting right ventricle and the
pulmonary artery
-ventricle is functioning normally and can replace valve if needed
Transposition of the great vessels - correct answer-aorta comes off the right ventricle
PA comes off the left ventrice
an ASD, VSD, or PDA must be present for survival.
corrective surgeries for transposition of great vessels: - correct answer-Senning & mustard
Jatene procedure
LeCompte Maneuver
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) - correct answer-oxygenated blood from
the lungs returns to the right side of the heart
an ASD must be present for survival
3 types of TAPV - correct answer-Supracardiac -oxy. blood enters Left SVC, innominate &
then SVC
MOST COMMON 50%
Cardiac - oxy. blood enters coronary sinus
Infracardiac - pulmonary veins combine into a venous trunk that goes into the inferior vena
cave or portal vein
Arterial Pulmonary Atresia - correct answer-failure to develop PA, pulmonary valve & right
ventricle
surgery for arterial pulmonary atresia - correct answer-Fontan Procedure
Tricuspid Atresia - correct answer-Absence of tricuspid valve and hypoplastic RV;
no flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle
requires both ASD and VSD for viability.
tricuspid atresia procedure in cath lab - correct answer-rashkind
make a large ASD
Tricuspid Atresia procedure - correct answer-fontan procedure or rastelli
and answer
ASD types - correct answer-Sinus venosus
Ostium Secundum
Ostium Primum
Sinus venosus is found - correct answer-high in atrial septum near SVC
Ostium Secundum is found - correct answer-atrial septum in fossa ovalic
MOST COMMON ASD
commonly found in downs syndrome (trisomy 21)
ostium primum is found - correct answer-low in atrial septum
endocardial cusion defect
ostuim primum is AKA - correct answer-partial or complete AV canal
VSD complication with closure - correct answer-complete heart block
4 types of VSDs - correct answer-type 1,2,3,4
type 1 VSD found - correct answer-b/w crista supraventricularis & the pulmonary valve
SUB AORTIC/ INFUNDIBULAR
type 2 VSD found - correct answer-caudal to the crista supraventricularis
PERIMEMBRANOUS, MOST COMMON
type 3 VSD found - correct answer-under septal leaflet of tricuspid valve
INLET VSD
type 4 VSD found - correct answer-muscular septum near the apex of right ventricle
MUSCULAR VSD
Coarctation of the Aorta - correct answer-narrowing of the aorta causing hypertension,
ventricular strain, and ischemia
most are located in the proximal descending aorta near the ligamentum arteriosum
Truncus arteriosus - correct answer-the aorta and Pulmonary artery both come off the same
truncus which only has one ventricular valve
VSD required for survival
truncus arteriosus is associated with was syndrome - correct answer-DiGeorges
, is an IgG deficiency disorder which means they have low levels of calcium. It impairs the
thymus and parathyroid function in uptake of calcium
Correctivve surgery for truncus arteriosus - correct answer-Rastelli procedure
Rastelli procedure - correct answer-tube graph with valve connecting right ventricle and the
pulmonary artery
-ventricle is functioning normally and can replace valve if needed
Transposition of the great vessels - correct answer-aorta comes off the right ventricle
PA comes off the left ventrice
an ASD, VSD, or PDA must be present for survival.
corrective surgeries for transposition of great vessels: - correct answer-Senning & mustard
Jatene procedure
LeCompte Maneuver
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) - correct answer-oxygenated blood from
the lungs returns to the right side of the heart
an ASD must be present for survival
3 types of TAPV - correct answer-Supracardiac -oxy. blood enters Left SVC, innominate &
then SVC
MOST COMMON 50%
Cardiac - oxy. blood enters coronary sinus
Infracardiac - pulmonary veins combine into a venous trunk that goes into the inferior vena
cave or portal vein
Arterial Pulmonary Atresia - correct answer-failure to develop PA, pulmonary valve & right
ventricle
surgery for arterial pulmonary atresia - correct answer-Fontan Procedure
Tricuspid Atresia - correct answer-Absence of tricuspid valve and hypoplastic RV;
no flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle
requires both ASD and VSD for viability.
tricuspid atresia procedure in cath lab - correct answer-rashkind
make a large ASD
Tricuspid Atresia procedure - correct answer-fontan procedure or rastelli
