Microbiology Chapter 1Questions and
answers
Microorganisms - correct answer-Organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided
eye
Germ - correct answer-Rapidly growing cell
Pathogenic - correct answer-Disease-causing
What are some good things that microbes do? - correct answer-1. Decompose organic
waste (Without them we'd have too much waste)
2. They are producers in the ecosystem by photosynthesis
3. They produce industrial chemicals such as ethanol and acetone
4. Produce fermented foods such as vinegar, cheese, and bread.
5. Produce products used in manufacturing and treatment (insulin)
6. Create Designer Jeans
What does the knowledge of microorganisms allow humans to do? - correct answer-1.
Prevent food spoilage
2. Prevent disease occurrence (prevention by understanding them)
3. Led to aseptic techniques to prevent contamination in meds and in labs
What are aseptic techniques? - correct answer-Techniques that keeps thing sterile and
avoids cross contamination to prevent spread
Who established the system of scientific nomenclature? - correct answer-Linnaeus
Each organism has two names, what are these two names called? - correct answer-The
Genus and the Species (aka specific epithet)
How do scientific names differ from other names? - correct answer-Scientific names are
italicized or underlined. Also, the genus is capitalized which the species is lower case. (Ex.
E.coli) Scientific names are latinized and used worldwide and can be very descriptive or they
can honor a scientist.
What is Escherichia coli and how did it get that name? - correct answer-Escherichia coli is
also known as E.coli. E.coli honors the discoverer, Theodor Escherich, and describes the
habitat of the E.coli which is in the large intestine or colon (coli).
What is Staphylococcus aureus and how did it get that name? - correct
answer-Staphylococcus aureus describes the arrangement of the bacterium which is:
clustered (staphylo) spperical (cocci) cells, Along with the gold color of the bacterium's
colonies (aureus).
, How are scientific names used when writing a paper or a lab report? - correct answer-After
the first use, scientific names may be abbreviated with the first letter of the genus and the
specific epithet.
What are some types of microorganisms? - correct answer-1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Fungi
4. Protozoa
5. Algae
6. Viruses
7. Multicellular animal parasites
*Refer to pictures in book
Bacteria - correct answer--Prokaryotic (No nucleus)
-Peptidoglycan cell walls
-Binary Fission
-For energy they use organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, and also occasionally
photosynthesis.
Archaea - correct answer--Prokaryotic (No nucleus)
-Lack Peptidoglycan
-Live in extreme environments
-Examples: Methanogens, (live in high conc. of methane) Extreme Halophiles (love salt), and
Extreme thermophiles (love heat)
Fungi - correct answer--Eukaryotes
-Chitin Cell Walls
-Use Organic Chemicals for energy
-Molds and Mushrooms
Are molds and mushrooms unicellular or multicellular? - correct answer-They are
multicellular and they consist of masses of mycelia, which are composed of filaments called
hyphae.
Are Yeasts unicellular or multicellular? - correct answer-Unicellular
Protozoa - correct answer--Eukaryotes
-Absorb or ingest organic chemicals and the shape changes depending on particle going to
be absorbed
May be motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella
-Example: Ameoba
Algae - correct answer--Eukaryotes
-Cellulose cell walls
-Use photosynthesis for energy
-Produces molecular oxygen and organic compounds
Viruses - correct answer--Acellular
answers
Microorganisms - correct answer-Organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided
eye
Germ - correct answer-Rapidly growing cell
Pathogenic - correct answer-Disease-causing
What are some good things that microbes do? - correct answer-1. Decompose organic
waste (Without them we'd have too much waste)
2. They are producers in the ecosystem by photosynthesis
3. They produce industrial chemicals such as ethanol and acetone
4. Produce fermented foods such as vinegar, cheese, and bread.
5. Produce products used in manufacturing and treatment (insulin)
6. Create Designer Jeans
What does the knowledge of microorganisms allow humans to do? - correct answer-1.
Prevent food spoilage
2. Prevent disease occurrence (prevention by understanding them)
3. Led to aseptic techniques to prevent contamination in meds and in labs
What are aseptic techniques? - correct answer-Techniques that keeps thing sterile and
avoids cross contamination to prevent spread
Who established the system of scientific nomenclature? - correct answer-Linnaeus
Each organism has two names, what are these two names called? - correct answer-The
Genus and the Species (aka specific epithet)
How do scientific names differ from other names? - correct answer-Scientific names are
italicized or underlined. Also, the genus is capitalized which the species is lower case. (Ex.
E.coli) Scientific names are latinized and used worldwide and can be very descriptive or they
can honor a scientist.
What is Escherichia coli and how did it get that name? - correct answer-Escherichia coli is
also known as E.coli. E.coli honors the discoverer, Theodor Escherich, and describes the
habitat of the E.coli which is in the large intestine or colon (coli).
What is Staphylococcus aureus and how did it get that name? - correct
answer-Staphylococcus aureus describes the arrangement of the bacterium which is:
clustered (staphylo) spperical (cocci) cells, Along with the gold color of the bacterium's
colonies (aureus).
, How are scientific names used when writing a paper or a lab report? - correct answer-After
the first use, scientific names may be abbreviated with the first letter of the genus and the
specific epithet.
What are some types of microorganisms? - correct answer-1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Fungi
4. Protozoa
5. Algae
6. Viruses
7. Multicellular animal parasites
*Refer to pictures in book
Bacteria - correct answer--Prokaryotic (No nucleus)
-Peptidoglycan cell walls
-Binary Fission
-For energy they use organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, and also occasionally
photosynthesis.
Archaea - correct answer--Prokaryotic (No nucleus)
-Lack Peptidoglycan
-Live in extreme environments
-Examples: Methanogens, (live in high conc. of methane) Extreme Halophiles (love salt), and
Extreme thermophiles (love heat)
Fungi - correct answer--Eukaryotes
-Chitin Cell Walls
-Use Organic Chemicals for energy
-Molds and Mushrooms
Are molds and mushrooms unicellular or multicellular? - correct answer-They are
multicellular and they consist of masses of mycelia, which are composed of filaments called
hyphae.
Are Yeasts unicellular or multicellular? - correct answer-Unicellular
Protozoa - correct answer--Eukaryotes
-Absorb or ingest organic chemicals and the shape changes depending on particle going to
be absorbed
May be motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella
-Example: Ameoba
Algae - correct answer--Eukaryotes
-Cellulose cell walls
-Use photosynthesis for energy
-Produces molecular oxygen and organic compounds
Viruses - correct answer--Acellular
