HIUS 222 Mid-term
Pittsburg Courier - ANS-Established in 1907 by Edwin Harleston. Courier sought to
empower African Americans economically and politically. From the beginning, The
Courier called for improvements in housing, health and education, and protested the
slum conditions in which black people were forced to live in Pittsburgh and elsewhere
throughout the nation. By the 1930's it was one of the top selling black newspapers in
the country--as widely read as The Chicago Defender and The Afro-American.
Jeanette Rankin - ANS-She was the first women to hold federal office in the United
States. She was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives by the state of Montana
in 1916, and again in 1940. She is to date the only woman elected to Congress from
Montana. She was the only Member of Congress to vote against U.S. participation in
both World War I and World War II.
Social Security Act of 1935 - ANS-An act to provide for the general welfare by
establishing a system of Federal old-age benefits, and by enabling the several States to
make more adequate provision for aged persons, blind persons, dependent and
crippled children, maternal and child welfare, public health, and the administration of
their unemployment compensation laws; to establish a Social Security Board; to raise
revenue; and for other purposes.
Ku Klux Klan - ANS-Founded in 1866, the ______________ extended into almost every
southern state by 1870 and became a vehicle for white southern resistance to the
Republican Party's Reconstruction-era policies aimed at establishing political and
economic equality for blacks. A group including many former Confederate veterans
founded the first branch of the Ku Klux Klan as a social club in Pulaski, Tennessee, in
1866.
369th Infantry Regiment - ANS-The ________________, formerly known as the 15th
New York National Guard Regiment, was an infantry regiment of the New York Army
National Guard during World War I and World War II. The Regiment consisted mainly of
African Americans, though it also included a number of Puerto Rican Americans during
World War II. It was known for being the first African American regiment to serve with
the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I. The nickname "Hell Fighters"
was given to them by the Germans due to their toughness and that they never lost a
man through capture, lost a trench or a foot of ground to the enemy. Motto: "don't tread
on me"
, The Birth of a Nation - ANS-Racist movie. The film was a commercial success, though it
was highly controversial for its portrayal of black men (many played by white actors in
blackface) as unintelligent and sexually aggressive towards white women, and the
portrayal of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) as a heroic force. There were widespread black
protests against The Birth of a Nation, such as in Boston, while thousands of white
Bostonians flocked to see the film. The NAACP spearheaded an unsuccessful
campaign to ban the film. Griffith's indignation at efforts to censor or ban the film
motivated him to produce Intolerance the following year.
Rock Springs, Wyoming - ANS-One of the worst incidents of anti-immigrant violence in
American history, known as the Rock Springs Massacre, occurred among miners
working near Rock Springs on September 2, 1885. There are still remains of the old
coal mining towns outside of Rock Springs.
Red Summer - ANS-The ______________ refers to the summer and early autumn of
1919, which was marked by hundreds of deaths and higher casualties across the United
States, as a result of racial riots that occurred in more than three dozen cities and one
rural county. In most instances, whites attacked African Americans. In some cases
many black people fought back, notably in Chicago and Washington, D.C. The highest
number of fatalities occurred in the rural area around Elaine, Arkansas, where five
whites and an estimated 100-240 black people were killed; Chicago and Washington,
D.C. had 38 and 15 deaths, respectively, and many more injured, with extensive
property damage in Chicago. Total deaths: 940
Industrial Workers of the World - ANS-The __________________________, members
of which are commonly termed "Wobblies", is an international labor union that was
founded in 1905 in Chicago, Illinois in the United States of America. The union
combines general unionism with industrial unionism, as it is a general union whose
members are further organized within the industry of their employment. The philosophy
and tactics of the IWW are described as "revolutionary industrial unionism", with ties to
both socialist and anarchist labor movements. In the 1910s and early 1920s, the IWW
achieved many of their short-term goals, particularly in the American West, and cut
across traditional guild and union lines to organize workers in a variety of trades and
industries.
Jose Marti - ANS-Cuban National Hero and an important figure in Latin American
literature. During his life, he worked as a poet, essayist, journalist, translator, professor,
and publisher. He was very politically active, and is considered an important
revolutionary philosopher and political theorist. Through his writings and political activity,
Pittsburg Courier - ANS-Established in 1907 by Edwin Harleston. Courier sought to
empower African Americans economically and politically. From the beginning, The
Courier called for improvements in housing, health and education, and protested the
slum conditions in which black people were forced to live in Pittsburgh and elsewhere
throughout the nation. By the 1930's it was one of the top selling black newspapers in
the country--as widely read as The Chicago Defender and The Afro-American.
Jeanette Rankin - ANS-She was the first women to hold federal office in the United
States. She was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives by the state of Montana
in 1916, and again in 1940. She is to date the only woman elected to Congress from
Montana. She was the only Member of Congress to vote against U.S. participation in
both World War I and World War II.
Social Security Act of 1935 - ANS-An act to provide for the general welfare by
establishing a system of Federal old-age benefits, and by enabling the several States to
make more adequate provision for aged persons, blind persons, dependent and
crippled children, maternal and child welfare, public health, and the administration of
their unemployment compensation laws; to establish a Social Security Board; to raise
revenue; and for other purposes.
Ku Klux Klan - ANS-Founded in 1866, the ______________ extended into almost every
southern state by 1870 and became a vehicle for white southern resistance to the
Republican Party's Reconstruction-era policies aimed at establishing political and
economic equality for blacks. A group including many former Confederate veterans
founded the first branch of the Ku Klux Klan as a social club in Pulaski, Tennessee, in
1866.
369th Infantry Regiment - ANS-The ________________, formerly known as the 15th
New York National Guard Regiment, was an infantry regiment of the New York Army
National Guard during World War I and World War II. The Regiment consisted mainly of
African Americans, though it also included a number of Puerto Rican Americans during
World War II. It was known for being the first African American regiment to serve with
the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I. The nickname "Hell Fighters"
was given to them by the Germans due to their toughness and that they never lost a
man through capture, lost a trench or a foot of ground to the enemy. Motto: "don't tread
on me"
, The Birth of a Nation - ANS-Racist movie. The film was a commercial success, though it
was highly controversial for its portrayal of black men (many played by white actors in
blackface) as unintelligent and sexually aggressive towards white women, and the
portrayal of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) as a heroic force. There were widespread black
protests against The Birth of a Nation, such as in Boston, while thousands of white
Bostonians flocked to see the film. The NAACP spearheaded an unsuccessful
campaign to ban the film. Griffith's indignation at efforts to censor or ban the film
motivated him to produce Intolerance the following year.
Rock Springs, Wyoming - ANS-One of the worst incidents of anti-immigrant violence in
American history, known as the Rock Springs Massacre, occurred among miners
working near Rock Springs on September 2, 1885. There are still remains of the old
coal mining towns outside of Rock Springs.
Red Summer - ANS-The ______________ refers to the summer and early autumn of
1919, which was marked by hundreds of deaths and higher casualties across the United
States, as a result of racial riots that occurred in more than three dozen cities and one
rural county. In most instances, whites attacked African Americans. In some cases
many black people fought back, notably in Chicago and Washington, D.C. The highest
number of fatalities occurred in the rural area around Elaine, Arkansas, where five
whites and an estimated 100-240 black people were killed; Chicago and Washington,
D.C. had 38 and 15 deaths, respectively, and many more injured, with extensive
property damage in Chicago. Total deaths: 940
Industrial Workers of the World - ANS-The __________________________, members
of which are commonly termed "Wobblies", is an international labor union that was
founded in 1905 in Chicago, Illinois in the United States of America. The union
combines general unionism with industrial unionism, as it is a general union whose
members are further organized within the industry of their employment. The philosophy
and tactics of the IWW are described as "revolutionary industrial unionism", with ties to
both socialist and anarchist labor movements. In the 1910s and early 1920s, the IWW
achieved many of their short-term goals, particularly in the American West, and cut
across traditional guild and union lines to organize workers in a variety of trades and
industries.
Jose Marti - ANS-Cuban National Hero and an important figure in Latin American
literature. During his life, he worked as a poet, essayist, journalist, translator, professor,
and publisher. He was very politically active, and is considered an important
revolutionary philosopher and political theorist. Through his writings and political activity,
