Unit 1 MN 551 Patho
The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung cancer is
distraught at his visible body wasting that has worsened in recent weeks. Which of the
following phenomena best accounts for the patient's anorexia and cachexia? -
ANS-Products of the tumor itself as well as a hypermetabolic state cause cachexia
A child possesses a trait that is the result of the interaction of two different genes,
neither of which could have produced the trait independently. Which of the following
explanations best captures the genetic explanation for this? - ANS-The outcome is the
result of the interaction between collaborative genes.
A 45-year-old patient who experienced exposure to radiation during an industrial
accident several years prior is being assessed. Which of the following phenomena may
underlie the genetic changes that have been noted in the patient? - ANS-Base pairs
may have been rearranged by the radiation exposure.
Which of the following pregnant women has most likely encountered the greatest
increase in the risk that her child will have a fetal anomaly? - ANS-A woman who has
herpes simplex and recently recovered from endocarditis
The nurse practitioner is providing care for a patient with a diagnosis of cirrhosis, and he
notes that the patient's sclerae are jaundiced. The nurse practitioner recalls that
jaundice is caused by excess accumulation of bilirubin, a pigment that can accumulate
in which part of the cell? - ANS-Cytoplasm
A patient who has a diagnosis of lung cancer is scheduled to begin radiation treatment.
The NP providing pretreatment education is explaining some of the potential unwanted
effects of the treatment. Which of the following statements by the nurse is most
accurate? - ANS-"Some patients experience longer-term irritation of skin adjacent to the
treatment site."
A male patient of a nurse practitioner has an autosomal dominant disorder. The patient
and his partner are considering starting a family. Which of the patient's following
statements indicates the patient has an adequate understanding of the genetic basis of
this health problem? - ANS-"I know that a single mutant allele is to blame for the health
problem."
, A group of researchers has identified that the prevalence of two particular genetic
disorders share a statistical correlation. Which of the following statements best conveys
the genetic rationale for this situation? - ANS-The genes causing each disorder are
likely in the same section of the same chromosome.
The NP is working with a family whose daughter has been recently diagnosed with the
chromosomal disorder Turner syndrome. The NP would recognize that which of the
following statements about the characteristics of human chromosomes is accurate? -
ANS-Autosomes contain the determination of an individual's sex.
The NP is teaching a group of older adults about the value of including foods containing
antioxidants in their diet. Which of the following statements best captures the rationale
underlying the NPs advice? - ANS-Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen
species (ROS).
Which target of both chemotherapy and radiation treatment accounts for adverse as
well as therapeutic effects? - ANS-Rapidly proliferating cells
Which of the following patients of a primary care nurse practitioner would not require
extra screening for cancer? - ANS-A 38-year-old female with Down syndrome and
congenital scoliosis
A 7-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of lead toxicity.
Which of the following assessment findings is most congruent with the patient's
diagnosis? hi - ANS-Hemoglobin 9.9 g/dL
The NP is providing care for a 21-year-old female patient with gas gangrene of a
compound fracture in her arm. Which of the following assessment findings would the
nurse most reasonably expect to find when caring for a patient with a diagnosis of gas
gangrene? - ANS-Spreading edema
A community health nurse practitioner is teaching a group of female high school
students about the importance of regular Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. The nurse
recognizes that which of the following items underlies the rationale for this teaching? -
ANS-Cancer of the uterine cervix develops incrementally at a cellular level.
Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an aspect of cell injury due
to impaired calcium homeostasis? - ANS-Injured cells tend to accumulate calcium.
The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung cancer is
distraught at his visible body wasting that has worsened in recent weeks. Which of the
following phenomena best accounts for the patient's anorexia and cachexia? -
ANS-Products of the tumor itself as well as a hypermetabolic state cause cachexia
A child possesses a trait that is the result of the interaction of two different genes,
neither of which could have produced the trait independently. Which of the following
explanations best captures the genetic explanation for this? - ANS-The outcome is the
result of the interaction between collaborative genes.
A 45-year-old patient who experienced exposure to radiation during an industrial
accident several years prior is being assessed. Which of the following phenomena may
underlie the genetic changes that have been noted in the patient? - ANS-Base pairs
may have been rearranged by the radiation exposure.
Which of the following pregnant women has most likely encountered the greatest
increase in the risk that her child will have a fetal anomaly? - ANS-A woman who has
herpes simplex and recently recovered from endocarditis
The nurse practitioner is providing care for a patient with a diagnosis of cirrhosis, and he
notes that the patient's sclerae are jaundiced. The nurse practitioner recalls that
jaundice is caused by excess accumulation of bilirubin, a pigment that can accumulate
in which part of the cell? - ANS-Cytoplasm
A patient who has a diagnosis of lung cancer is scheduled to begin radiation treatment.
The NP providing pretreatment education is explaining some of the potential unwanted
effects of the treatment. Which of the following statements by the nurse is most
accurate? - ANS-"Some patients experience longer-term irritation of skin adjacent to the
treatment site."
A male patient of a nurse practitioner has an autosomal dominant disorder. The patient
and his partner are considering starting a family. Which of the patient's following
statements indicates the patient has an adequate understanding of the genetic basis of
this health problem? - ANS-"I know that a single mutant allele is to blame for the health
problem."
, A group of researchers has identified that the prevalence of two particular genetic
disorders share a statistical correlation. Which of the following statements best conveys
the genetic rationale for this situation? - ANS-The genes causing each disorder are
likely in the same section of the same chromosome.
The NP is working with a family whose daughter has been recently diagnosed with the
chromosomal disorder Turner syndrome. The NP would recognize that which of the
following statements about the characteristics of human chromosomes is accurate? -
ANS-Autosomes contain the determination of an individual's sex.
The NP is teaching a group of older adults about the value of including foods containing
antioxidants in their diet. Which of the following statements best captures the rationale
underlying the NPs advice? - ANS-Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen
species (ROS).
Which target of both chemotherapy and radiation treatment accounts for adverse as
well as therapeutic effects? - ANS-Rapidly proliferating cells
Which of the following patients of a primary care nurse practitioner would not require
extra screening for cancer? - ANS-A 38-year-old female with Down syndrome and
congenital scoliosis
A 7-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of lead toxicity.
Which of the following assessment findings is most congruent with the patient's
diagnosis? hi - ANS-Hemoglobin 9.9 g/dL
The NP is providing care for a 21-year-old female patient with gas gangrene of a
compound fracture in her arm. Which of the following assessment findings would the
nurse most reasonably expect to find when caring for a patient with a diagnosis of gas
gangrene? - ANS-Spreading edema
A community health nurse practitioner is teaching a group of female high school
students about the importance of regular Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. The nurse
recognizes that which of the following items underlies the rationale for this teaching? -
ANS-Cancer of the uterine cervix develops incrementally at a cellular level.
Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an aspect of cell injury due
to impaired calcium homeostasis? - ANS-Injured cells tend to accumulate calcium.
