Faculty of Engineering
and Environment
Sustainability of Natural Aggregate For th
Construction Industry
Dr Giovanni L Pesce
Office: WJC408; ext.: 3065
email:
Blackboard websites
KB4022 – Design and Materials
,Outline
• Aggregate for mortars & concrete: what is it?
• Why do we add aggregate to mortars & concrete?
• Technical requirements for aggregate (a quick overview)
• Natural aggregate: what is it?
• Sustainability of natural aggregate
• I do not like it. Can I change?
• How to improve the sustainability of natural aggregate
• Are you up for challenges?
• Conclusions
2
,Aggregate for
mortars &
concrete
, Aggregate
Granular material used in construction
Primary Secondary
Recycled
(Natural) (Manufactured)
From previously used construction
By-product of other industrial process, not materials
Specifically produced for use in concrete
(by far the greater proportion) previously used in construction
Granular material resulting from the
Granulated material of mineral origin processing of inorganic material previously
Granular material from mineral sources
resulting from an industrial process used in construction
which has been subjected to nothing more
than mechanical processing involving thermal or other modification
• Natural sand • Shredded rubber from vehicle tyres • From demolition of pre-existing
• Natural gravel (concrete with low elastic modulus) constructions
• Crushed rocks • Crushed glass (not suitable for high-
strength concrete; alkali-silica
reaction)
BS EN 12620:2002+A1:2008; BS-EN 13139:2002, p.5; Domone P., Illston J., 2010, p.114-118
and Environment
Sustainability of Natural Aggregate For th
Construction Industry
Dr Giovanni L Pesce
Office: WJC408; ext.: 3065
email:
Blackboard websites
KB4022 – Design and Materials
,Outline
• Aggregate for mortars & concrete: what is it?
• Why do we add aggregate to mortars & concrete?
• Technical requirements for aggregate (a quick overview)
• Natural aggregate: what is it?
• Sustainability of natural aggregate
• I do not like it. Can I change?
• How to improve the sustainability of natural aggregate
• Are you up for challenges?
• Conclusions
2
,Aggregate for
mortars &
concrete
, Aggregate
Granular material used in construction
Primary Secondary
Recycled
(Natural) (Manufactured)
From previously used construction
By-product of other industrial process, not materials
Specifically produced for use in concrete
(by far the greater proportion) previously used in construction
Granular material resulting from the
Granulated material of mineral origin processing of inorganic material previously
Granular material from mineral sources
resulting from an industrial process used in construction
which has been subjected to nothing more
than mechanical processing involving thermal or other modification
• Natural sand • Shredded rubber from vehicle tyres • From demolition of pre-existing
• Natural gravel (concrete with low elastic modulus) constructions
• Crushed rocks • Crushed glass (not suitable for high-
strength concrete; alkali-silica
reaction)
BS EN 12620:2002+A1:2008; BS-EN 13139:2002, p.5; Domone P., Illston J., 2010, p.114-118
