PHYSICS
1. ELECTRIC CHARGE AND FIELD (6) The bedySome
oror atom
ot ts
can be charged positively by
ectons anol Can be
changad
Electric charge -
The property o madeial by which
umlvey by gaiing aletvens.
t exets or expeiende elechie amd magneRe fets (7) he epparatus we to detect chauge on a body
is calld
the lectie chaige.
"Gold leat Electroeope'.
Examples Charged
(i) Expeiene o7 seing a spak or heaing a crackle, Glass Rod
when we
ythetie clotha Metal Foil
G) Ligtnmgin the sky duing thumderstorms e to Cork
electrie dischase Copper wre
UNIT-
(Electrostatics)
o1
Electrostatics gold leaf.
The bra neh Phyaics wich deads
uwith the study, °f chay resto (statie hages ), glass jar
the joras ids Cmol du to these chng
is called Elctrostatic s oY static Elkctricity (8) An electie
SCam creates electie ild (e),
Impertant Facts about charge mognatic tield omd electromagneh vadiaions
VeO
(1) There ae omly thoo types ot electric chuge. ’ Only Electie tied (E)
(2) Like chages repe! omd unike chalges atracts each
other. VeCntt
(3) The unike chages nullity ( Cancal ) each othets esect ’ Elechic Pied() 4 Magnehe Field a)
when thay come in Contat. Theeove the chang vCont.
ane nameol as poaitive amd negaie by the Averican ’ E, oml Electomagnetie Rodiatioms
scientist 'Benjamin Frenklin!
(4) Nomally the mateias ane electricay neuhrad,thy (9) Elece chage distibute on a mitorm
do not Contain because thei chages (Protoks Sujae but th chae on a non- uniorm
-CLASS
XII
amd electrons) are
Chybaland. Suae maximum on that'points he the vedius
(5) The electon. o the audehmost orbit o7 an atom
are fa trm th nucleus So these eectrons ae
Loosely bomaleol with the nuceus amo eom be Chauye density «
sepaoteealy from the orbit by Aving some enedy
These elecrn Hhn callo tond
, PHYSICS
Everythng is made of atoms. The basic components of atoms are Propeties Elketie Chaye
protons, neutrons and electrons.
(0) Additivity 7 Charges
change a saJar quantity so
he dota
adong chage
o the
neutral. b he algebrieoly with
propee sin accorong to their change.
Pm posihve! n
Point Chage It us a point whee ll the charge (2) chage is Conserved:
ot a body is Concantrated! Chge Cam mot be eithr created
olutroyed. I+ on ondy be transjerred trn one body
Conductor Insulatr ¢ Semiconduetor to another. Hene the tota change o the isokated
System is adways coselveo.
Conuctor - +
The mateial thonah which the electie +
change and current can Hos esily ae calleal Concucha Glass Glas silk
Examples- All Metals, Humnan body earth etc Total change = o+o =0 Total chenge = +9-4 -o
Insulator (3) Quatisation of chasge i
The mateials whch resist the klonw ot The ecte chage on a
electic chage amd custent are Call nsulators. integra muttiple o e( Change body ia adway
This is called quantisation o chauge.
Exarmples - Wrod, Poralene, pkastic et
Q =tne = O,1,2.... o0
Semiconductors -
The matuils which esist he How
o electHe change ond csent but the vale of ther
-CLASS
XII betyeen the Conductor Ond nsulator ae
called semiconcuctors. * The unit ot Jectne chauge is colomb
Eramples - silieon (si) I Coulomb -
Germenium CGe) The total chage
Carbon Ce) Excellent thermal Conetehvitg. electrons equa to 1 eouemb
1. ELECTRIC CHARGE AND FIELD (6) The bedySome
oror atom
ot ts
can be charged positively by
ectons anol Can be
changad
Electric charge -
The property o madeial by which
umlvey by gaiing aletvens.
t exets or expeiende elechie amd magneRe fets (7) he epparatus we to detect chauge on a body
is calld
the lectie chaige.
"Gold leat Electroeope'.
Examples Charged
(i) Expeiene o7 seing a spak or heaing a crackle, Glass Rod
when we
ythetie clotha Metal Foil
G) Ligtnmgin the sky duing thumderstorms e to Cork
electrie dischase Copper wre
UNIT-
(Electrostatics)
o1
Electrostatics gold leaf.
The bra neh Phyaics wich deads
uwith the study, °f chay resto (statie hages ), glass jar
the joras ids Cmol du to these chng
is called Elctrostatic s oY static Elkctricity (8) An electie
SCam creates electie ild (e),
Impertant Facts about charge mognatic tield omd electromagneh vadiaions
VeO
(1) There ae omly thoo types ot electric chuge. ’ Only Electie tied (E)
(2) Like chages repe! omd unike chalges atracts each
other. VeCntt
(3) The unike chages nullity ( Cancal ) each othets esect ’ Elechic Pied() 4 Magnehe Field a)
when thay come in Contat. Theeove the chang vCont.
ane nameol as poaitive amd negaie by the Averican ’ E, oml Electomagnetie Rodiatioms
scientist 'Benjamin Frenklin!
(4) Nomally the mateias ane electricay neuhrad,thy (9) Elece chage distibute on a mitorm
do not Contain because thei chages (Protoks Sujae but th chae on a non- uniorm
-CLASS
XII
amd electrons) are
Chybaland. Suae maximum on that'points he the vedius
(5) The electon. o the audehmost orbit o7 an atom
are fa trm th nucleus So these eectrons ae
Loosely bomaleol with the nuceus amo eom be Chauye density «
sepaoteealy from the orbit by Aving some enedy
These elecrn Hhn callo tond
, PHYSICS
Everythng is made of atoms. The basic components of atoms are Propeties Elketie Chaye
protons, neutrons and electrons.
(0) Additivity 7 Charges
change a saJar quantity so
he dota
adong chage
o the
neutral. b he algebrieoly with
propee sin accorong to their change.
Pm posihve! n
Point Chage It us a point whee ll the charge (2) chage is Conserved:
ot a body is Concantrated! Chge Cam mot be eithr created
olutroyed. I+ on ondy be transjerred trn one body
Conductor Insulatr ¢ Semiconduetor to another. Hene the tota change o the isokated
System is adways coselveo.
Conuctor - +
The mateial thonah which the electie +
change and current can Hos esily ae calleal Concucha Glass Glas silk
Examples- All Metals, Humnan body earth etc Total change = o+o =0 Total chenge = +9-4 -o
Insulator (3) Quatisation of chasge i
The mateials whch resist the klonw ot The ecte chage on a
electic chage amd custent are Call nsulators. integra muttiple o e( Change body ia adway
This is called quantisation o chauge.
Exarmples - Wrod, Poralene, pkastic et
Q =tne = O,1,2.... o0
Semiconductors -
The matuils which esist he How
o electHe change ond csent but the vale of ther
-CLASS
XII betyeen the Conductor Ond nsulator ae
called semiconcuctors. * The unit ot Jectne chauge is colomb
Eramples - silieon (si) I Coulomb -
Germenium CGe) The total chage
Carbon Ce) Excellent thermal Conetehvitg. electrons equa to 1 eouemb
