The Cardiovascular System Pulmonary circuit: Low pressure circuit (note
lungs are included in circuit à soft tissue)
Gross Anatomy of The Heart reoxygenates blood via gas exchange. Blood
supplied to lungs for reoxygenation but NOT
1. Describe the structure and function of the for nourishing lung tissue.
heart, including the chambers, the valves
and the great vessels (each) - Pulmonary arteries: carry deoxygenated
INTRODUCTION blood from RHS heart to both lungs
- Pulmonary veins: carry oxygenated blood
Gross = Macroscopic (visual level) from lungs to LHS heart
Cardiac muscle - like skeletal muscle, but has Purpose of the cardiovascular system
some other, specific, features.
transporting blood around the body for:
Cardiovascular disease & its manifestation with
heart attacks and strokes = leading cause of death 1. Oxygen diffusion
in Developed Countries (imp. Of cardiovas. Sys.) 2. CO2 removal
3. Delivery AND dispersal of nutrients
Main function: to receive blood from the veins 4. Transport of hormones à carriage of
and pump blood into the arteries. Although the chemical
heart is one structure, it pumps blood into two 5. Removal of waste.
systems: the pulmonary circuit (blood to and 6. Immune function
from the lungs) and the systemic circuit (blood to
and from the body).
Also, Rheumatic Heart Disease
THE BASICS
① Structure of cardiovascular system
Heart: 4 chambered, double muscular pump,
250 -350g, cone shaped.
Location of the heart
Thoracic cavity:
Blood vessels: transport vessel for the heart &
inferior part (sort of
blood sitting on top of the
Veins: carry blood to the heart, NOT always diaphragm)
deoxygenated blood (pulmonary vein)
Anterior to vertebral
Arteries: carry blood away from the heart column
2 Major Circuits Posterior to sternum
Systemic Circuit High pressure circuit, carries (2/3 of mass lies left
oxygenated blood to the body’s tissues of the midsternal
line.)
- Systemic arteries: oxygenated blood away
from left side of heart à body, supplies blood Lung lateral to heart
to all organs. CHAMBERS OF THE HEART
- Systemic veins: carry deoxygenated blood Atria
and waste away from the tissues of the body
to the right side of the heart Atria: receiving chambers, thin walled, thin
muscle layer (relatively small contractile force
lungs are included in circuit à soft tissue)
Gross Anatomy of The Heart reoxygenates blood via gas exchange. Blood
supplied to lungs for reoxygenation but NOT
1. Describe the structure and function of the for nourishing lung tissue.
heart, including the chambers, the valves
and the great vessels (each) - Pulmonary arteries: carry deoxygenated
INTRODUCTION blood from RHS heart to both lungs
- Pulmonary veins: carry oxygenated blood
Gross = Macroscopic (visual level) from lungs to LHS heart
Cardiac muscle - like skeletal muscle, but has Purpose of the cardiovascular system
some other, specific, features.
transporting blood around the body for:
Cardiovascular disease & its manifestation with
heart attacks and strokes = leading cause of death 1. Oxygen diffusion
in Developed Countries (imp. Of cardiovas. Sys.) 2. CO2 removal
3. Delivery AND dispersal of nutrients
Main function: to receive blood from the veins 4. Transport of hormones à carriage of
and pump blood into the arteries. Although the chemical
heart is one structure, it pumps blood into two 5. Removal of waste.
systems: the pulmonary circuit (blood to and 6. Immune function
from the lungs) and the systemic circuit (blood to
and from the body).
Also, Rheumatic Heart Disease
THE BASICS
① Structure of cardiovascular system
Heart: 4 chambered, double muscular pump,
250 -350g, cone shaped.
Location of the heart
Thoracic cavity:
Blood vessels: transport vessel for the heart &
inferior part (sort of
blood sitting on top of the
Veins: carry blood to the heart, NOT always diaphragm)
deoxygenated blood (pulmonary vein)
Anterior to vertebral
Arteries: carry blood away from the heart column
2 Major Circuits Posterior to sternum
Systemic Circuit High pressure circuit, carries (2/3 of mass lies left
oxygenated blood to the body’s tissues of the midsternal
line.)
- Systemic arteries: oxygenated blood away
from left side of heart à body, supplies blood Lung lateral to heart
to all organs. CHAMBERS OF THE HEART
- Systemic veins: carry deoxygenated blood Atria
and waste away from the tissues of the body
to the right side of the heart Atria: receiving chambers, thin walled, thin
muscle layer (relatively small contractile force
