Protein synthesis, Processing
3. Processing: occurs in the
membrane proteins and endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi
Ion transport complex. Peptide sequences fold into
correct shape and receive final
1. Describe roles of organelles in
functional modifications.
protein synthesis
2. Describe process of protein ① Organelles in Process
production from DNA & transport
Transcription.
active location (e.g., using an
1. Nucleus: DNA storage &
ion channel)
transcription, DNA transcribed à
3. Name classes of membrane mRNA @ start of PS.
proteins & describe their Translation
function 2. Ribosome
a. (Nuclear envelope): mRNA allows
Protein Synthesis and Coding export of DNA transcription out of
Proteins of a cell cell.
b. (Endoplasmic reticulum)
All cells – same DNA (genome)à each receive mRNA from the nucleus à
cell only produces and uses SOME of translate mRNA sequence to
the proteins in this code. peptide sequence & transfer the
Cell properties (incl. functions) are peptide sequence into ER
DETERMINED BY the proteins they Processing
synthesise. 3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum:
receives peptide sequences from
Alter a cells structure, strength, ribosomes & processes the
connection to other cells, chemical sequences.
process, and communication - Cap and tail 5’-3’ end so when
network. transporting code is not damaged.
② Protein Synthesis Process - Splicing unneeded parts.
- Folds
Transcription
1. Transcription: copying Essentially the ER converts the
of the genetic code peptide sequence to a protein ready
from DNA to RNA. DNA for function
triplet sequence 4. Golgi apparatus (post office):
transcribed - mRNA receives the proteins from the ER
codon sequence. and packages them into vesicles
Translation which determine where in the cell
2. Translation: conversion of the the protein will go.
genetic code from mRNA to a 5. Secretory vesicles: takes protein
peptide in the ribosomes, to plasma membrane where it is
a. mRNA codons bind to a tRNA which either:
contains the amino acid the codon a. Incorporated into the plasma
codes for membrane Secreted from the
b. As tRNA line up on the mRNA cell.
sequence the amino
acids bind together
and form a peptide
chain.
3. Processing: occurs in the
membrane proteins and endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi
Ion transport complex. Peptide sequences fold into
correct shape and receive final
1. Describe roles of organelles in
functional modifications.
protein synthesis
2. Describe process of protein ① Organelles in Process
production from DNA & transport
Transcription.
active location (e.g., using an
1. Nucleus: DNA storage &
ion channel)
transcription, DNA transcribed à
3. Name classes of membrane mRNA @ start of PS.
proteins & describe their Translation
function 2. Ribosome
a. (Nuclear envelope): mRNA allows
Protein Synthesis and Coding export of DNA transcription out of
Proteins of a cell cell.
b. (Endoplasmic reticulum)
All cells – same DNA (genome)à each receive mRNA from the nucleus à
cell only produces and uses SOME of translate mRNA sequence to
the proteins in this code. peptide sequence & transfer the
Cell properties (incl. functions) are peptide sequence into ER
DETERMINED BY the proteins they Processing
synthesise. 3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum:
receives peptide sequences from
Alter a cells structure, strength, ribosomes & processes the
connection to other cells, chemical sequences.
process, and communication - Cap and tail 5’-3’ end so when
network. transporting code is not damaged.
② Protein Synthesis Process - Splicing unneeded parts.
- Folds
Transcription
1. Transcription: copying Essentially the ER converts the
of the genetic code peptide sequence to a protein ready
from DNA to RNA. DNA for function
triplet sequence 4. Golgi apparatus (post office):
transcribed - mRNA receives the proteins from the ER
codon sequence. and packages them into vesicles
Translation which determine where in the cell
2. Translation: conversion of the the protein will go.
genetic code from mRNA to a 5. Secretory vesicles: takes protein
peptide in the ribosomes, to plasma membrane where it is
a. mRNA codons bind to a tRNA which either:
contains the amino acid the codon a. Incorporated into the plasma
codes for membrane Secreted from the
b. As tRNA line up on the mRNA cell.
sequence the amino
acids bind together
and form a peptide
chain.
