Class 12 Organic Chemistry Important Topics
Named Reactions
- Sandmeyer Reaction:
The Sandmeyer reaction is a chemical reaction which is used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl
diazonium salts. This reaction is a method for substitution of an aromatic amino group by
preparing diazonium salt that is followed by its displacement and copper salts often catalyze it.
Gattermann Reaction:
Bromine and Chlorine can be present in the benzene ring by preparing the benzene diazonium
salt solution with similar halogen acid present with copper powder. This is the Gattermann
Reaction.
a l
r w
t ta
h a
anD
A m
Balz-Schiemann Reaction:
When arene-diazonium chloride is prepared with fluoroboric acid, arene diazonium fluoroborate is
precipitated and decomposes to yield aryl fluoride which on heating.
Finkelstein Reaction:
In the Finkelstein Reaction Alkyl iodides are prepared easily by the reaction of alkyl chlorides with
Nal in dry acetone.
Swarts Reaction:
When alkyl chloride is heated in the presence of a metallic fluoride like AgF, Hg2F2, SbF3 or CoF2,
we get alkyl fluorides.
, Wurtz Reaction:
When Alkyl halides get reacted with sodium with dry ether, we get hydrocarbons that include the
double number of carbon atoms present in the halide. This is known as the Wurtz Reaction
Wurtz-Fittig Reaction:
When a mixture of alkyl halide and aryl halide gets treated with sodium in dry ether, we get an
alkyl arene.
w al
r
t ta
Dha
Fittig Reaction: a n
Am
Aryl halides prepared with sodium in dry ether to give analogous compounds where two aryl
groups joined.
Friedel-Crafts alkylation Reaction:
Benzene is prepared with an alkyl halide in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride to give
Alkylbenzene.
Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction:
We get acyl benzene when an acyl halide is reacted with benzene in the presence of Lewis acids.
Named Reactions
- Sandmeyer Reaction:
The Sandmeyer reaction is a chemical reaction which is used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl
diazonium salts. This reaction is a method for substitution of an aromatic amino group by
preparing diazonium salt that is followed by its displacement and copper salts often catalyze it.
Gattermann Reaction:
Bromine and Chlorine can be present in the benzene ring by preparing the benzene diazonium
salt solution with similar halogen acid present with copper powder. This is the Gattermann
Reaction.
a l
r w
t ta
h a
anD
A m
Balz-Schiemann Reaction:
When arene-diazonium chloride is prepared with fluoroboric acid, arene diazonium fluoroborate is
precipitated and decomposes to yield aryl fluoride which on heating.
Finkelstein Reaction:
In the Finkelstein Reaction Alkyl iodides are prepared easily by the reaction of alkyl chlorides with
Nal in dry acetone.
Swarts Reaction:
When alkyl chloride is heated in the presence of a metallic fluoride like AgF, Hg2F2, SbF3 or CoF2,
we get alkyl fluorides.
, Wurtz Reaction:
When Alkyl halides get reacted with sodium with dry ether, we get hydrocarbons that include the
double number of carbon atoms present in the halide. This is known as the Wurtz Reaction
Wurtz-Fittig Reaction:
When a mixture of alkyl halide and aryl halide gets treated with sodium in dry ether, we get an
alkyl arene.
w al
r
t ta
Dha
Fittig Reaction: a n
Am
Aryl halides prepared with sodium in dry ether to give analogous compounds where two aryl
groups joined.
Friedel-Crafts alkylation Reaction:
Benzene is prepared with an alkyl halide in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride to give
Alkylbenzene.
Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction:
We get acyl benzene when an acyl halide is reacted with benzene in the presence of Lewis acids.
