JR101 Hip anatomy week
fucntions of the hip - ANS-flexibility
stbility
ability to transmit loads from the upper body to the lower extremities
3 types of hip fractures - ANS-intracapsular (femoral neck)
intertrochanteric fractures
subtrochanteric fractures
intracapsular fracture - ANS-occurs at the neck or head of the femue
-generally within the capsule (ie soft tissue envelope that contains lubricating and
noursihing fluid of the hip
intertrochanteric fracture - ANS-occurs between the neck of the femur and the lesser
trochanter
subtrochanteric fractures - ANS-occurs between the lesser trochanteric and an area
appromitely 2.5 inches below
Other surgically relevant hip diseases ither than fractures - ANS-arthritis (OA or RA,
approached the same surgically)
- AVN avascular necrosis
OsteoArthritis - ANS-non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease
characterized by:
-degeneration of articular cartilage
- hypertrophy of the bone at the margins
- changes in synovial membrane
Osteophytes - ANS-bony projections that form along the joint margin
Enthesophyte - ANS-bony projections that form at the attachment of tendons or
ligaments
AVN progression - ANS-occurs when blood supply is disrupted
- most often affects the hip
, 6 degrees of freedom of the hip - ANS-extension
flexion
Abduction
adduction
external rotation
internal rotation
FAI - ANS-femoral acetbaluar impinegment
Hip imaging types (5) - ANS-Radiographs (Xray)
CT computer tomogrpahy
Bone scan - Nuclear scan
PET Postion emission tomogrpahy
MRI magnetic resonance imgaging
Xray - ANS-primary tool when assessing hip
can show
cysts
osteophytes
demority
joint space narrowing
CT scan - ANS-provides anatomic info from cross sectional planes
-looking at slices of bone which allows deisclose fractures that cannot be seen on a
plane xray
Bone scan - ANS-can be used to find bone damage, cancer, infection adn truama
-uses a tracer which can show a lack of blood supply
-dark spots vs light spots
PET scan - ANS-uses tracer and camera that can be metabolized by body
-used to evaluate cancer, an dused in conjuction with PET fro details
MRI - ANS-mkaes pictures of internals organs and strucutres
-great for showing soft tissue damage such as swelling, fluid acumulation and tumors
categorizing intracapsular fractures (femoral neck) - ANS-Displaced
non displaced
Intertrochanteric category - ANS-stable fractures
fucntions of the hip - ANS-flexibility
stbility
ability to transmit loads from the upper body to the lower extremities
3 types of hip fractures - ANS-intracapsular (femoral neck)
intertrochanteric fractures
subtrochanteric fractures
intracapsular fracture - ANS-occurs at the neck or head of the femue
-generally within the capsule (ie soft tissue envelope that contains lubricating and
noursihing fluid of the hip
intertrochanteric fracture - ANS-occurs between the neck of the femur and the lesser
trochanter
subtrochanteric fractures - ANS-occurs between the lesser trochanteric and an area
appromitely 2.5 inches below
Other surgically relevant hip diseases ither than fractures - ANS-arthritis (OA or RA,
approached the same surgically)
- AVN avascular necrosis
OsteoArthritis - ANS-non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease
characterized by:
-degeneration of articular cartilage
- hypertrophy of the bone at the margins
- changes in synovial membrane
Osteophytes - ANS-bony projections that form along the joint margin
Enthesophyte - ANS-bony projections that form at the attachment of tendons or
ligaments
AVN progression - ANS-occurs when blood supply is disrupted
- most often affects the hip
, 6 degrees of freedom of the hip - ANS-extension
flexion
Abduction
adduction
external rotation
internal rotation
FAI - ANS-femoral acetbaluar impinegment
Hip imaging types (5) - ANS-Radiographs (Xray)
CT computer tomogrpahy
Bone scan - Nuclear scan
PET Postion emission tomogrpahy
MRI magnetic resonance imgaging
Xray - ANS-primary tool when assessing hip
can show
cysts
osteophytes
demority
joint space narrowing
CT scan - ANS-provides anatomic info from cross sectional planes
-looking at slices of bone which allows deisclose fractures that cannot be seen on a
plane xray
Bone scan - ANS-can be used to find bone damage, cancer, infection adn truama
-uses a tracer which can show a lack of blood supply
-dark spots vs light spots
PET scan - ANS-uses tracer and camera that can be metabolized by body
-used to evaluate cancer, an dused in conjuction with PET fro details
MRI - ANS-mkaes pictures of internals organs and strucutres
-great for showing soft tissue damage such as swelling, fluid acumulation and tumors
categorizing intracapsular fractures (femoral neck) - ANS-Displaced
non displaced
Intertrochanteric category - ANS-stable fractures
