Test Bank For Physical anthropology 12th edition by philip stein with All Chapter Questions and Detailed Correct Answers 100% Complete Solution

Test Bank For Physical anthropology 12th edition by philip stein with All Chapter Questions and Detailed Correct Answers 100% Complete Solution Multiple Choice Questions 1. The field that studies fossil records is: A. primatology B. paleontology C. genetics D. archaeology Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 2. The subfield of physical anthropology includes the study of: A. human genetics B. forensic anthropology C. human biological variation D. all of these Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 3. Cultural anthropology: A. is a branch of archaeology B. is the study of art and music C. includes the study of human social organizations and learned patterns of behavior D. includes paleontology as a major topic Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 1-1 Copyright 2020 © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 01 - Investigating The Nature of Humankind 4. The study of a people's political organization would be a part of: A. cultural anthropology B. linguistics C. archaeology D. physical anthropology Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 5. An anthropological linguist: A. always attempts to learn to speak as many languages as he or she possibly can B. teaches students foreign languages C. studies the history, function, structure, and physiology of language D. would only be interested in cultures that have writing systems Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 6. The practical application of anthropological knowledge to real-world concerns is called: A. academic anthropology B. lived anthropology C. applied anthropology D. realistic anthropology Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 7. An empirical observation is one that is: A. measurable B. a fact C. received through the senses D. all of these Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 1-2 Copyright 2020 © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 01 - Investigating The Nature of Humankind 8. Hypotheses: A. are always considered to be correct statements B. are the same thing as laws in science C. are not a necessary part of the scientific method D. must be logical and testable Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 9. Hypotheses: A. can be disproven B. can be tested through experiments and observations C. are based on empirical observations D. all of these Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 10. A tentative statement about the relationship between two variables is a(n): A. hypothesis B. theory C. empirical statement D. rationalization Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 11. An example of a variable would be: A. the theory of evolution by natural selection B. the cranial capacities of a series of skulls C. that all mammals give live birth D. all of these Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 1-3 Copyright 2020 © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 01 - Investigating The Nature of Humankind 12. Once proposed, a hypothesis may be tested by: A. comparing it to known data gathered from nature B. conducting an experiment C. comparing one phenomenon with another to determine the relationships between them D. all of these Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 13. A hypothesis may be tested in a number of ways. One of the following is not a way to test a hypothesis. A. Test the predictive value of the hypothesis by comparing it to all known data from nature. B. Ask all scientists doing research in the area the hypothesis concerns and confirm that the hypothesis is based on a consensus of the opinions of those scientists. C. Conduct experiments D. Through comparative studies Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 14. A theory is: A. a speculative statement B. a statement of extremely high validity C. the same as a hypothesis D. the same as a fact Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 15. Darwin's explanation of evolution by natural selection is an example of a(n): A. theory B. hypothesis C. empirical statement D. experiment Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 1-4 Copyright 2020 © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 01 - Investigating The Nature of Humankind 16. That evolution has occurred is a(n): A. theory B. hypothesis C. fact D. experiment Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 17. Statements about the ways in which evolution occurs (the processes) are: A. facts B. theories C. experiments D. variables Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 18. Scientific investigation can: A. provide answers to all possible questions B. generate statements that are considered to be absolute truths C. only deal with empirical observations D. all of these Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 19. When scientists say that evolution is a theory, they mean that evolution is: A. a general law or principle supported by mass data B. an educated guess C. but one of several possible explanations for the diversity of life D. accepted by the majority of scientists Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 1-5 Copyright 2020 © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 01 - Investigating The Nature of Humankind 20. A control in science is: A. a situation that differs from the situation being tested B. an empirical observation C. always easy to achieve in physical anthropology D. a monocausal explanation for a phenomenon Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 21. Which of the following statements is true regarding scientific hypotheses and theories about human evolution? A. Scientists refuse to consider supernatural causes to explain their observations because most scientists are atheists. B. Explanations of natural phenomena based upon religious dogma are superior because science cannot explain the great many things about the world. C. Scientists refuse to invoke supernatural causes because the scientific method restricts scientific inquiry to hypotheses that are falsifiable and testable. D. While evolution has been fairly well demonstrated in bacteria, plants, and simple animals, it has not been demonstrated to have taken place in humans. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 22. Which of the following statements is true? A. One cannot accept science and also be a religious person. B. Science can successfully answer questions about ethics and morality. C. Scientific conclusions are based upon available evidence and therefore can change when new evidence appears. D. Scientific conclusions are considered to be absolute facts within the scientific community. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 1-6 Copyright 2020 © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 01 - Investigating The Nature of Humankind 23. The idea that humans are superior to other animals is termed: A. egocentrism B. anthropocentrism C. ethnocentrism D. geocentricism Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 24. The belief that people are the center of the universe is termed: A. ethnocentrism B. anthropocentrism C. holism D. cultural relativism Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 25. The idea that life can form from nonliving material is known as: A. uniformitarianism B. spontaneous generation C. anthropocentricity D. immutability Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 26. An early belief was that life is immutable, meaning: A. once created, a type of organism remains unchanged B. once created, a type of organism may become extinct or change into some other type of organism C. once created, a type of organism may evolve through time into other types of organisms D. none of these Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 1-7 Copyright 2020 © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 01 - Investigating The Nature of Humankind 27. In the eighteenth century, the accepted date for the origin of the earth, as calculated in the seventeenth century by Archbishop Ussher, was: A. 1 million B.C. B. 250,000 B.C. C. 10,550 B.C. D. 4004 B.C. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 28. The fact that the earth is not the center of the universe was conclusively demonstrated by: A. James Ussher B. Nicolaus Copernicus C. Carolus Linnaeus D. Comte de Buffon Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 29. An eighteenth-century scientific classification of the living world was made by: A. Nicolaus Copernicus B. Carolus Linnaeus C. Comte de Buffon D. Charles Lyell Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 30. Linnaeus's classification was important because: A. it imposed order on nature's infinite variation B. it provided the means of seeing change and possible ancestral relationships C. it included humans D. all of these Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 1-8 Copyright 2020 © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 01 - Investigating The Nature of Humankind 31. The eighteenth-century biologist Comte de Buffon: A. argued that the earth was the center of the universe B. believed that living forms are immutable C. proposed that the earth is much older than 6,000 years D. developed a classification of the living world that is still used today Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 32. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck was important because: A. his theory of evolution was correct in detail B. he speculated on the mechanisms of change C. he proposed the idea of uniformitarianism D. all of these Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 33. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck is associated with: A. the first scientific account of the gorilla B. the concept of uniformitarianism C. the concept of natural selection D. the principle of acquired characteristics Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 34. If a woman and a man both lift weights and become muscular, it follows that their offspring: A. are more likely to be muscular B. will inherit their father's, but not their mother's, muscularity C. will be genetically weaker D. will not be more muscular simply because their parents lift weights