,
,
,
,TB_01_18_The Domains and Periods of Development
Periods of development describe which aspect of developmental theories?
A) Age-related changes
B) Domain-related changes
C) Biological changes
D) Prenatal changes
Answer: A
Level: Moderate
Topic: The Domains and Periods of Development
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.1.3: Identify the categories used by developmental scientists to organize the study of human development
TB_01_19_The Domains and Periods of Development
Not all cultures define the boundaries of adolescence in the same way. For example, Eustace grew up in the United Kingdom,
which means that Eustace could
A) buy alcohol at any age.
B) be unable to drive until the age of 21.
C) join the military at the age of 16.
D) be able to vote at age 15.
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Topic: The Domains and Periods of Development
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.1.3: Identify the categories used by developmental scientists to organize the study of human development
TB_01_20_The Domains and Periods of Development
When does the period of middle childhood occur?
A) After a child begins walking
B) After a child begins talking
C) After a child enters school
D) After a child begins puberty
Answer: C
Level: Easy
Topic: The Domains and Periods of Development
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.1.3: Identify the categories used by developmental scientists to organize the study of human development
TB_01_21_Nature Versus Nurture
Which term generally refers to environmental influences that shape behavior?
A) Social evolution
B) Nature
C) Maturation
D) Nurture
Answer: D
Level: Moderate
Topic: Nature Versus Nurture
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.1: Explain the nature–nurture debate
TB_01_22_Nature Versus Nurture
Juanita‘s father died when she was an infant, but her family insists that she not only looks like him, she acts like him as well.
This might indicate that had a large impact on Juanita‘s development.
,A) nature
B) environment
C) nurture
D) innate goodness
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Topic: Nature Versus Nurture
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.1: Explain the nature–nurture debate
TB_01_23_Nature Versus Nurture
Developmental psychologists have observed that babies seem to be born predisposed to respond to people in certain ways, such
as by crying or smiling, in order to elicit attention from a caregiver. Psychologists call these inherent tendencies
A) cultural biases.
B) maturational patterns.
C) nature and nurture tensions.
D) inborn biases.
Answer: D
Level: Moderate
Topic: Nature Versus Nurture
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.1: Explain the nature–nurture debate
TB_01_24_Nature Versus Nurture
Which observation provides an example of an inborn bias?
A) Some male infants show a propensity toward aggression, whereas some female infants are passive.
B) There are more blue-eyed children in the United States than brown-eyed children.
C) Universally, children‘s speech begins with single words before proceeding to two-word sentences.
D) Universally, children learn to walk before they learn to crawl.
Answer: C
Level: Easy
Topic: Nature Versus Nurture
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.1: Explain the nature–nurture debate
TB_01_25_Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Qualitative is to quantitative as
A) production is to comprehension.
B) specific is to individual.
C) continuous is to discontinuous.
D) discontinuous is to continuous.
Answer: D
Level: Difficult
Topic: Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Skill: Analyze It
LO 1.2.2: Describe the continuity–discontinuity debate
TB_01_26_Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Magdalena believes her daughter is going through very distinct stages of development and is suddenly, upon turning 2 years old,
able to do far more than she could at 1 year. Magdalena‘s intuitions are consistent with which approach to development?
A) Nurture
B) Discontinuous change
C) Continuous change
D) Sensitive periods
Answer: B
,Level: Moderate
Topic: Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.2: Describe the continuity–discontinuity debate
TB_01_27_Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Which terms best describes a change in amount?
A) Qualitative change
B) Quantitative change
C) Significant change
D) Metric change
Answer: B
Level: Easy
Topic: Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.2: Describe the continuity–discontinuity debate
TB_01_28_Continuity Versus Discontinuity
If puberty begins for girls with the onset of menstruation, puberty could be considered a matter of
A) discontinuity.
B) continuity.
C) quantitative development.
D) ecological development.
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Topic: Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.2: Describe the continuity–discontinuity debate
TB_01_29_Three Kinds of Change
Which observation is an example of a normative age-graded change?
A) You have blue eyes even though both of your parents have brown eyes.
B) You are taller now than when you were two years old.
C) You moved to the United States when you were a teenager and learned to speak English.
D) You learned to walk before you learned to crawl.
Answer: B
Level: Moderate
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_30_Three Kinds of Change
Our sense of ―the right time‖ to go to college, marry, have children, or retire is determined by our
A) biological clock.
B) intuition.
C) social clock.
D) cultural and cohort continuity.
Answer: C
Level: Moderate
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
,TB_01_31_Three Kinds of Change
Roberta married for the first time at age 39, and at age 40 she became pregnant for the first time. She is now considering starting
college to become a computer systems engineer. When Roberta laughingly tells her friends, ―I have never done anything when I
was supposed to!‖ what is she referring to?
A) Her social clock
B) Her biological clock
C) Her psychological clock
D) A critical period
Answer: A
Level: Moderate
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_32_Three Kinds of Change
What is the term used for a general negative attitude about aging, typified by the belief that older persons are incompetent?
A) Sexism
B) Relativism
C) Ageism
D) Racism
Answer: C
Level: Easy
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_33_Three Kinds of Change
Variations in life experiences that are associated with a certain historical event, such as the Israel–Palestine War of 2023, can be
considered
A) nonnormative changes.
B) general normative changes.
C) normative age-graded changes.
D) normative history-graded changes.
Answer: D
Level: Moderate
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_34_Three Kinds of Change
Which term refers to changes that result from unique, unshared events?
A) Nonnormative change
B) General normative change
C) Normative age-graded change
D) Normative history-graded change
Answer: A
Level: Easy
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_35_Three Kinds of Change
The idea that there may be significant periods in development when an organism is especially sensitive to the presence (or
,absence) of some particular kind of experience is referred to as a
A) cohort influence.
B) critical period.
C) collectivist cultural influence.
D) timing influence.
Answer: B
Level: Easy
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_36_Three Kinds of Change
Sara contracted rubella (German measles) in the 11th week of her pregnancy. Emily contracted rubella during the 30th week of
her pregnancy. The difference in the way rubella would affect an unborn child at these two times (i.e., very early in prenatal
development versus much later in prenatal development) is an example of
A) a critical period.
B) normative age-graded changes.
C) individual differences.
D) cultural specificity.
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_37_Three Kinds of Change
Which summary best defines a sensitive period of development?
A) A time of psychological fragility, usually due to some type of loss such as the death of a spouse, termination of employment,
or physical decline due to aging
B) The period of time during which developmental norms for physical development are reached or achieved
C) A specific period in development when an organism is particularly responsive to specific forms of experience or particularly
influenced by their absence
D) The time when the tension between nature and nurture is resolved during an organism‘s development
Answer: C
Level: Easy
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_38_Three Kinds of Change
Which example represents an ―off-time‖ event that could have negative effects upon an individual‘s development?
A) The deaths of one‘s parents when they are in their 90s
B) Being divorced at the age of 25
C) The death of one‘s spouse at the age of 30
D) Experiencing a life-threatening illness at the age of 60
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_39_Three Kinds of Change
Adults in Iraq, who were teenagers living there during the Gulf War of 1990, report that their lives were changed by those
events. This example illustrates
A) normative age-graded changes.
, B) normative critical periods.
C) normative history-graded changes.
D) non-normative life events.
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_40_Research Report—An Example of a Cohort Effect: Children and Adolescents in the Great Depression
Which outcome was a primary finding of the large-scale study of different cohorts who grew up during the Great Depression?
A) The cohort born in 1920 suffered more than the cohort born in 1928.
B) Teenage girls were more likely than teenage boys to be forced into the workplace prematurely because of economic hardship.
C) Teenagers whose families experienced severe economic difficulty assumed adult responsibility prematurely.
D) The adolescents who were forced prematurely into the workforce were better adjusted as adults.
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Topic: Research Report—An Example of a Cohort Effect: Children and Adolescents in the Great Depression
Skill: Evaluate It
LO 1.2.4: Explain the influence of context on human development
TB_01_41_Contexts of Development
Compared to the others, which developmental outcome would best illustrate the concept of vulnerability?
A) Very low IQ scores are more common among children who were born with a low birth weight and who are reared in highly
stressed, uninvolved families.
B) Normal birth weight infants born into upper socioeconomic status families invariably have superior levels of intelligence.
C) Children born into caring, facilitative families rarely have sufficient protective factors to overcome or offset all
vulnerabilities that might potentially affect their development.
D) Positive developmental outcomes are possible only for children with few vulnerabilities and many protective factors.
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Topic: Contexts of Development
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.4: Explain the influence of context on human development
TB_01_42_Contexts of Development
Which concept defines a system of meanings and customs shared by an identifiable group and transmitted across generations?
A) Age strata
B) Cohort
C) Collective identity
D) Culture
Answer: D
Level: Moderate
Topic: Contexts of Development
Skill: Analyze It
LO 1.2.4: Explain the influence of context on human development
TB_01_43_The Goals of Developmental Science
Which summary describes the goals of developmental science?
A) To describe, explain, predict, and influence development
B) To understand and explain social norms
C) To study cohort effects across cultures
D) To explain, record, and produce human differences
Answer: A
,
,
,TB_01_18_The Domains and Periods of Development
Periods of development describe which aspect of developmental theories?
A) Age-related changes
B) Domain-related changes
C) Biological changes
D) Prenatal changes
Answer: A
Level: Moderate
Topic: The Domains and Periods of Development
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.1.3: Identify the categories used by developmental scientists to organize the study of human development
TB_01_19_The Domains and Periods of Development
Not all cultures define the boundaries of adolescence in the same way. For example, Eustace grew up in the United Kingdom,
which means that Eustace could
A) buy alcohol at any age.
B) be unable to drive until the age of 21.
C) join the military at the age of 16.
D) be able to vote at age 15.
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Topic: The Domains and Periods of Development
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.1.3: Identify the categories used by developmental scientists to organize the study of human development
TB_01_20_The Domains and Periods of Development
When does the period of middle childhood occur?
A) After a child begins walking
B) After a child begins talking
C) After a child enters school
D) After a child begins puberty
Answer: C
Level: Easy
Topic: The Domains and Periods of Development
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.1.3: Identify the categories used by developmental scientists to organize the study of human development
TB_01_21_Nature Versus Nurture
Which term generally refers to environmental influences that shape behavior?
A) Social evolution
B) Nature
C) Maturation
D) Nurture
Answer: D
Level: Moderate
Topic: Nature Versus Nurture
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.1: Explain the nature–nurture debate
TB_01_22_Nature Versus Nurture
Juanita‘s father died when she was an infant, but her family insists that she not only looks like him, she acts like him as well.
This might indicate that had a large impact on Juanita‘s development.
,A) nature
B) environment
C) nurture
D) innate goodness
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Topic: Nature Versus Nurture
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.1: Explain the nature–nurture debate
TB_01_23_Nature Versus Nurture
Developmental psychologists have observed that babies seem to be born predisposed to respond to people in certain ways, such
as by crying or smiling, in order to elicit attention from a caregiver. Psychologists call these inherent tendencies
A) cultural biases.
B) maturational patterns.
C) nature and nurture tensions.
D) inborn biases.
Answer: D
Level: Moderate
Topic: Nature Versus Nurture
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.1: Explain the nature–nurture debate
TB_01_24_Nature Versus Nurture
Which observation provides an example of an inborn bias?
A) Some male infants show a propensity toward aggression, whereas some female infants are passive.
B) There are more blue-eyed children in the United States than brown-eyed children.
C) Universally, children‘s speech begins with single words before proceeding to two-word sentences.
D) Universally, children learn to walk before they learn to crawl.
Answer: C
Level: Easy
Topic: Nature Versus Nurture
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.1: Explain the nature–nurture debate
TB_01_25_Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Qualitative is to quantitative as
A) production is to comprehension.
B) specific is to individual.
C) continuous is to discontinuous.
D) discontinuous is to continuous.
Answer: D
Level: Difficult
Topic: Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Skill: Analyze It
LO 1.2.2: Describe the continuity–discontinuity debate
TB_01_26_Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Magdalena believes her daughter is going through very distinct stages of development and is suddenly, upon turning 2 years old,
able to do far more than she could at 1 year. Magdalena‘s intuitions are consistent with which approach to development?
A) Nurture
B) Discontinuous change
C) Continuous change
D) Sensitive periods
Answer: B
,Level: Moderate
Topic: Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.2: Describe the continuity–discontinuity debate
TB_01_27_Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Which terms best describes a change in amount?
A) Qualitative change
B) Quantitative change
C) Significant change
D) Metric change
Answer: B
Level: Easy
Topic: Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.2: Describe the continuity–discontinuity debate
TB_01_28_Continuity Versus Discontinuity
If puberty begins for girls with the onset of menstruation, puberty could be considered a matter of
A) discontinuity.
B) continuity.
C) quantitative development.
D) ecological development.
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Topic: Continuity Versus Discontinuity
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.2: Describe the continuity–discontinuity debate
TB_01_29_Three Kinds of Change
Which observation is an example of a normative age-graded change?
A) You have blue eyes even though both of your parents have brown eyes.
B) You are taller now than when you were two years old.
C) You moved to the United States when you were a teenager and learned to speak English.
D) You learned to walk before you learned to crawl.
Answer: B
Level: Moderate
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_30_Three Kinds of Change
Our sense of ―the right time‖ to go to college, marry, have children, or retire is determined by our
A) biological clock.
B) intuition.
C) social clock.
D) cultural and cohort continuity.
Answer: C
Level: Moderate
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
,TB_01_31_Three Kinds of Change
Roberta married for the first time at age 39, and at age 40 she became pregnant for the first time. She is now considering starting
college to become a computer systems engineer. When Roberta laughingly tells her friends, ―I have never done anything when I
was supposed to!‖ what is she referring to?
A) Her social clock
B) Her biological clock
C) Her psychological clock
D) A critical period
Answer: A
Level: Moderate
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_32_Three Kinds of Change
What is the term used for a general negative attitude about aging, typified by the belief that older persons are incompetent?
A) Sexism
B) Relativism
C) Ageism
D) Racism
Answer: C
Level: Easy
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_33_Three Kinds of Change
Variations in life experiences that are associated with a certain historical event, such as the Israel–Palestine War of 2023, can be
considered
A) nonnormative changes.
B) general normative changes.
C) normative age-graded changes.
D) normative history-graded changes.
Answer: D
Level: Moderate
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_34_Three Kinds of Change
Which term refers to changes that result from unique, unshared events?
A) Nonnormative change
B) General normative change
C) Normative age-graded change
D) Normative history-graded change
Answer: A
Level: Easy
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_35_Three Kinds of Change
The idea that there may be significant periods in development when an organism is especially sensitive to the presence (or
,absence) of some particular kind of experience is referred to as a
A) cohort influence.
B) critical period.
C) collectivist cultural influence.
D) timing influence.
Answer: B
Level: Easy
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_36_Three Kinds of Change
Sara contracted rubella (German measles) in the 11th week of her pregnancy. Emily contracted rubella during the 30th week of
her pregnancy. The difference in the way rubella would affect an unborn child at these two times (i.e., very early in prenatal
development versus much later in prenatal development) is an example of
A) a critical period.
B) normative age-graded changes.
C) individual differences.
D) cultural specificity.
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_37_Three Kinds of Change
Which summary best defines a sensitive period of development?
A) A time of psychological fragility, usually due to some type of loss such as the death of a spouse, termination of employment,
or physical decline due to aging
B) The period of time during which developmental norms for physical development are reached or achieved
C) A specific period in development when an organism is particularly responsive to specific forms of experience or particularly
influenced by their absence
D) The time when the tension between nature and nurture is resolved during an organism‘s development
Answer: C
Level: Easy
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_38_Three Kinds of Change
Which example represents an ―off-time‖ event that could have negative effects upon an individual‘s development?
A) The deaths of one‘s parents when they are in their 90s
B) Being divorced at the age of 25
C) The death of one‘s spouse at the age of 30
D) Experiencing a life-threatening illness at the age of 60
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_39_Three Kinds of Change
Adults in Iraq, who were teenagers living there during the Gulf War of 1990, report that their lives were changed by those
events. This example illustrates
A) normative age-graded changes.
, B) normative critical periods.
C) normative history-graded changes.
D) non-normative life events.
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Topic: Three Kinds of Change
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.3: Differentiate among the three kinds of age-related changes
TB_01_40_Research Report—An Example of a Cohort Effect: Children and Adolescents in the Great Depression
Which outcome was a primary finding of the large-scale study of different cohorts who grew up during the Great Depression?
A) The cohort born in 1920 suffered more than the cohort born in 1928.
B) Teenage girls were more likely than teenage boys to be forced into the workplace prematurely because of economic hardship.
C) Teenagers whose families experienced severe economic difficulty assumed adult responsibility prematurely.
D) The adolescents who were forced prematurely into the workforce were better adjusted as adults.
Answer: C
Level: Difficult
Topic: Research Report—An Example of a Cohort Effect: Children and Adolescents in the Great Depression
Skill: Evaluate It
LO 1.2.4: Explain the influence of context on human development
TB_01_41_Contexts of Development
Compared to the others, which developmental outcome would best illustrate the concept of vulnerability?
A) Very low IQ scores are more common among children who were born with a low birth weight and who are reared in highly
stressed, uninvolved families.
B) Normal birth weight infants born into upper socioeconomic status families invariably have superior levels of intelligence.
C) Children born into caring, facilitative families rarely have sufficient protective factors to overcome or offset all
vulnerabilities that might potentially affect their development.
D) Positive developmental outcomes are possible only for children with few vulnerabilities and many protective factors.
Answer: A
Level: Difficult
Topic: Contexts of Development
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 1.2.4: Explain the influence of context on human development
TB_01_42_Contexts of Development
Which concept defines a system of meanings and customs shared by an identifiable group and transmitted across generations?
A) Age strata
B) Cohort
C) Collective identity
D) Culture
Answer: D
Level: Moderate
Topic: Contexts of Development
Skill: Analyze It
LO 1.2.4: Explain the influence of context on human development
TB_01_43_The Goals of Developmental Science
Which summary describes the goals of developmental science?
A) To describe, explain, predict, and influence development
B) To understand and explain social norms
C) To study cohort effects across cultures
D) To explain, record, and produce human differences
Answer: A
