Orthotic fitter exam study guide
What muscles make up the hamstrings - ANS-semimembranosus, semitendinosis,
bicep femoris
Chondromalasis patella may be caused by - ANS-over pronated foot, weak vastus
medialis obliquis, weak gluestus medius
What is Bursistis - ANS-Inflammation of the bursa, causing swelling and pain
What are bursa - ANS-fluid filled sacs between tissues
What is eccentric - ANS-controlled movement in which you move toward an opposing
force, rather than away. Lengthening of the muscle
Example of eccentric muscle contraction - ANS-lowering a weight, walking down stairs
What is apropulsive gait - ANS-foot drop, partial foot amputation or soft tissue
dysfunction
Proprioception rehabilitation can on occur - ANS-during controlled motion when weight
bearing
Normally____, when torn loose by a sudden ____, seldom break in the middle rather,
they _____ away from the _____ at the _____ - ANS-Normally tendons, when torn
loose by a sudden force, seldom break in the middle rather, they pull away from the
bone at the end
What is antalgic gait - ANS-a gait in which the stance phase is shorter than the swing
phase. It is a good indicator of weight bearing pain
What is Ataxic gait - ANS-an unsteady, uncoordinated walk with a wide base and the
feet thrown out, coming down first on the heel and then the toes with a double tap
What is the popliteal fossa - ANS-cavity posterior to the knee
What is the function of the skeletal system - ANS-to provide a flexible foundation and
manufacture red blood cells
, What is a shoulder joint - ANS-ball and socket joint, muscle dominated joint and can
move in all planes
Joint stability requires - ANS-adequate strength, appropriate ROM and adequate
proprioception
What is a closed kinetic chain - ANS-a series of connected joints in which the distal
segment is in fixed, weight bearing position.
Orthotics can aid in - ANS-eccentric muscle activity, reactive muscle activity and
concentric muscle activity
What is concentric - ANS-muscle activation (contraction) that causes tension on your
muscle as it shortens, generating enough force to move an object
Example of concentric muscle contraction - ANS-Bicep curl
What is double-step gait - ANS-a gait in which there is a noticeable difference in
length/timing of alternate steps
What are sacomeres - ANS-overlapping work units within muscle structures
How can the posterior cruciate ligament can be injured - ANS-excessive ankle
dorsiflexion and a so called dash-board injury.
What is Chondromalasis of the patella - ANS-roughening of the articulating surface of
the patella
What is an articulation - ANS-forms a joint
What is a collateral ligament - ANS-any ligament running along the medial/lateral sides
of a joint
The foot/ankle complex serves what 3 purposes - ANS-flexible adaptor to the terrain,
flexible stabilizer during ROM and a rigid lever arm to propel off the terrain
What is pronation - ANS-motion in 3 joints at the same time in 1 plane
What muscles make up the hamstrings - ANS-semimembranosus, semitendinosis,
bicep femoris
Chondromalasis patella may be caused by - ANS-over pronated foot, weak vastus
medialis obliquis, weak gluestus medius
What is Bursistis - ANS-Inflammation of the bursa, causing swelling and pain
What are bursa - ANS-fluid filled sacs between tissues
What is eccentric - ANS-controlled movement in which you move toward an opposing
force, rather than away. Lengthening of the muscle
Example of eccentric muscle contraction - ANS-lowering a weight, walking down stairs
What is apropulsive gait - ANS-foot drop, partial foot amputation or soft tissue
dysfunction
Proprioception rehabilitation can on occur - ANS-during controlled motion when weight
bearing
Normally____, when torn loose by a sudden ____, seldom break in the middle rather,
they _____ away from the _____ at the _____ - ANS-Normally tendons, when torn
loose by a sudden force, seldom break in the middle rather, they pull away from the
bone at the end
What is antalgic gait - ANS-a gait in which the stance phase is shorter than the swing
phase. It is a good indicator of weight bearing pain
What is Ataxic gait - ANS-an unsteady, uncoordinated walk with a wide base and the
feet thrown out, coming down first on the heel and then the toes with a double tap
What is the popliteal fossa - ANS-cavity posterior to the knee
What is the function of the skeletal system - ANS-to provide a flexible foundation and
manufacture red blood cells
, What is a shoulder joint - ANS-ball and socket joint, muscle dominated joint and can
move in all planes
Joint stability requires - ANS-adequate strength, appropriate ROM and adequate
proprioception
What is a closed kinetic chain - ANS-a series of connected joints in which the distal
segment is in fixed, weight bearing position.
Orthotics can aid in - ANS-eccentric muscle activity, reactive muscle activity and
concentric muscle activity
What is concentric - ANS-muscle activation (contraction) that causes tension on your
muscle as it shortens, generating enough force to move an object
Example of concentric muscle contraction - ANS-Bicep curl
What is double-step gait - ANS-a gait in which there is a noticeable difference in
length/timing of alternate steps
What are sacomeres - ANS-overlapping work units within muscle structures
How can the posterior cruciate ligament can be injured - ANS-excessive ankle
dorsiflexion and a so called dash-board injury.
What is Chondromalasis of the patella - ANS-roughening of the articulating surface of
the patella
What is an articulation - ANS-forms a joint
What is a collateral ligament - ANS-any ligament running along the medial/lateral sides
of a joint
The foot/ankle complex serves what 3 purposes - ANS-flexible adaptor to the terrain,
flexible stabilizer during ROM and a rigid lever arm to propel off the terrain
What is pronation - ANS-motion in 3 joints at the same time in 1 plane
