Advanced Pharmacotherapeutics MSN Question with Correct Answers

Advanced Pharmacotherapeutics MSN Question with Correct Answers . - ANSWER-a patient can be affected if they go between brand name to generic or generic to generic meds. . - ANSWER-Caution Bactrim if patient has a Sulfonamide allergy . - ANSWER-Epidural - Drug is delivered within the spinal cord but outside of the dura (ex: surgical anesthesia) .ability to prescribe is determined by... - ANSWER-the state .Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - ANSWER-Works centrally - Analgesic Effects - Antipyretic Effects (works in the hypothalamus) - Acetaminophen has NO anti-inflammatory effects High efficacy for mild to moderate pain Synergistic with many other compounds Acetaminophen is the drug of choice for treating minor, noninflammatory pain, especially in patients at risk for GI damage. Safe in pregnancy, children, infants and most elderly Dosing: Kids: 10 - 15 mg/kg Mild pain: 325-650 q 4-6 h Moderate pain: 500 to 800 mg q 4 to 6 h Max of 3200 mg/day !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! not 4 grams a day which was previous regulation for maximum dosing Precautions / ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS - Alcohol Consumption can take on an occasional basis but not regularly - Hepatic failure/ Hepatitis can cause non-alcoholic fatty liver syndrome Time limited therapy. should not be taken over years. If it IS the only option, then the patient should have liver function tests done. If a patient is taking acetaminophen, baseline liver function tests should be checked and monitored periodically. However, lack of peripheral PG inhibition makes acetaminophen a weak anti-inflammatory agent and therefore not considered useful in treating inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. Acetaminophen does not adversely affect platelet aggregation or the gastric mucosa and is generally well tolerated. (Kindle Locations ) .Acetylsalicylic acid - ANSWER-1. Acetylsalicylic acid (aka ASPIRIN) -- an NSAID! - Blocks Cyclooxygenase (which is an enzyme) - Decreases prostaglandin production - Analgesic and antipyretic effects - Anti platelet clumping activity (b/c it blocks thromboxane) (aspirin works to block cyclooxygenase) 2. Synergistic with caffeine (can be used to treat headache if used with caffeine) 3. Topical applications for neuropathic pain 4. Dosing: 81 mg daily for preventive purposes (to prevent MI or stroke) (for pain) 325mg to 1 Gm q 6 hours 5. ADVERSE REACTIONS: - Tinnitus = ASA toxicity (if this happens you should have them stop taking any products that have aspirin) - GI upset (take with food to prevent this), renal impairment - Contraindicated if pt has GERD - don't take with steroids? - AVOID in pregnancy, children (because of Ryes Syndrome in a child with fever), renal dysfunction, ETOH (because of associated gastric problems)