Haloalkanes
Haloalkanes Saturated organic compounds eu It H atom substituted
for Halogen
contain C H X
Naming o halogenprefix longestchain iechloro bromo
o 2T halogens Alphabetical
Classification l Ix alkyl grp s R É
2 2x alkylgps
A Carbocation
stability 3 3x alkylgrps R
Ç x
Properties 1 soluble in H2O R
ÀX
C x not polar enough G
soluble in oils
Weak IMF 2 BptTrend TA w A chainlength
induceddipoledipole down grp
Haloalkane Reactivity Main Factor Polarcovalentcarbon Halogen bond
Electronegativity powerofatom to attractbonding
pair of e in covalentbond
NBill Halogen Méneg Carbon t e neg
A
je
electronegativity
up grp 7 sharing
Polar Bond e pair closer Halogen
Creates Dipoles Est s
, DipoleImportance St Carbon attack ve nucleophiles é deficient
Nucleophiles Atom
grpofatoms attracted to electron deficient Caton
ve where it donates lone e pair form new covalent
bond
Most common
Types
I HydroxideIon OH
2 Water Hao
3 Amonia NH3
Making Haloalkanes
Main Methods I Free Radical SubstitutionofAlkane Needs UV
CHzCHz Cla UV CHIHau HU
Homtolyticfission radicals
2 Electrophilic Addition to Alkene
Ha Cha HX CHzCHaBr
Ha CHz X2 BrChachaBr
Haloalkanes Saturated organic compounds eu It H atom substituted
for Halogen
contain C H X
Naming o halogenprefix longestchain iechloro bromo
o 2T halogens Alphabetical
Classification l Ix alkyl grp s R É
2 2x alkylgps
A Carbocation
stability 3 3x alkylgrps R
Ç x
Properties 1 soluble in H2O R
ÀX
C x not polar enough G
soluble in oils
Weak IMF 2 BptTrend TA w A chainlength
induceddipoledipole down grp
Haloalkane Reactivity Main Factor Polarcovalentcarbon Halogen bond
Electronegativity powerofatom to attractbonding
pair of e in covalentbond
NBill Halogen Méneg Carbon t e neg
A
je
electronegativity
up grp 7 sharing
Polar Bond e pair closer Halogen
Creates Dipoles Est s
, DipoleImportance St Carbon attack ve nucleophiles é deficient
Nucleophiles Atom
grpofatoms attracted to electron deficient Caton
ve where it donates lone e pair form new covalent
bond
Most common
Types
I HydroxideIon OH
2 Water Hao
3 Amonia NH3
Making Haloalkanes
Main Methods I Free Radical SubstitutionofAlkane Needs UV
CHzCHz Cla UV CHIHau HU
Homtolyticfission radicals
2 Electrophilic Addition to Alkene
Ha Cha HX CHzCHaBr
Ha CHz X2 BrChachaBr
