PRAXIS 5302
Sequential Phonics Instruction (8 steps)
Step 1: vowels and short sounds
Step 2: consonants and their sounds
Step 3: blending short sounds with consonants
Step 4: blending and reading one vowel words and sentences
Step 5: long vowel sounds
Step 6: blending long vowels with consonants
Step 7: begin blending and reading two vowel words and Introduce two special
rules (vowel rules)
Step 8: digraphs
Invented Spelling
students' attempts to spell words that reflect their developing knowledge about
the spelling system.
Interactive Writing
shared writing activity in which children are invited to volunteer to write parts of a
story with the teacher
norm-referenced assessment
An assessment that compares a student's performance to a sample of that
student's peers.
Criterion-Referenced Assessment
an assessment procedure in which a student's performance is compared to a
particular level of mastery
Cloze Procedure
, A technique in which words are deleted from a passage according to a
word-count formula or various other criteria. The passage is presented to
students, who insert words as they read to complete and construct meaning from
the text. This procedure can be used as a diagnostic reading assessment
technique.
Writing Process Steps
1. Prewriting 2. Drafting 3. Revising 4. Editing 5. Presenting
Editing
The process of updating a document to make changes, correct errors, and make
it visually appealing
Revising
3rd stage of the writing process- refining/changing ideas or concepts in the text.
phonological awareness
knowledge of sounds and syllables and of the sound structure of words
Phonemic Awareness
The ability to hear, identify, and manipulate the individual sounds, phonemes, in
oral language.
Phonological Awareness Skills
-syllable awareness
-rhyme awareness
-sorting initial and final consonant sounds
-onset-rime segmentation
-blending sounds into words
-segmenting words into sounds
-deleting and manipulating sounds
Sequential Phonics Instruction (8 steps)
Step 1: vowels and short sounds
Step 2: consonants and their sounds
Step 3: blending short sounds with consonants
Step 4: blending and reading one vowel words and sentences
Step 5: long vowel sounds
Step 6: blending long vowels with consonants
Step 7: begin blending and reading two vowel words and Introduce two special
rules (vowel rules)
Step 8: digraphs
Invented Spelling
students' attempts to spell words that reflect their developing knowledge about
the spelling system.
Interactive Writing
shared writing activity in which children are invited to volunteer to write parts of a
story with the teacher
norm-referenced assessment
An assessment that compares a student's performance to a sample of that
student's peers.
Criterion-Referenced Assessment
an assessment procedure in which a student's performance is compared to a
particular level of mastery
Cloze Procedure
, A technique in which words are deleted from a passage according to a
word-count formula or various other criteria. The passage is presented to
students, who insert words as they read to complete and construct meaning from
the text. This procedure can be used as a diagnostic reading assessment
technique.
Writing Process Steps
1. Prewriting 2. Drafting 3. Revising 4. Editing 5. Presenting
Editing
The process of updating a document to make changes, correct errors, and make
it visually appealing
Revising
3rd stage of the writing process- refining/changing ideas or concepts in the text.
phonological awareness
knowledge of sounds and syllables and of the sound structure of words
Phonemic Awareness
The ability to hear, identify, and manipulate the individual sounds, phonemes, in
oral language.
Phonological Awareness Skills
-syllable awareness
-rhyme awareness
-sorting initial and final consonant sounds
-onset-rime segmentation
-blending sounds into words
-segmenting words into sounds
-deleting and manipulating sounds
