Exam (elaborations) Biology Notes(The Fundamental Unit980

Organelle Description Function Animal, Plant or Both CELL WALL Rigid, tough, made of cellulose Protects and supports the cell Plant CELL MEMBRANE Thin, covering, protects cells Protects the cell, performs active transport and passive transport, moves materials in and out of the cell, communication Both CYTOPLASM Jelly like substance that contains organelles Pads and supports organelles inside the cell. Moves by cyclosis Both NUCLEUS Dense, ball shaped structure, contains DNA Controls all of the cell’s activities Both NUCLEAR MEMBRANE Thin covering over the nucleus Covers and protects the nucleus Both NUCLELOUS Small dark area in the nucleus Produces ribosome’s Both CHROMATIN In the nucleus, made of DNA and protein, contains genes Provides instructions for the cells activities, (growth, reproduction) Both ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM Clear, tubular system of tunnels throughout the cell Transports materials like proteins around the cell Both RIBOSOME Small specks made of RNA. Found in cytoplasm or on the endoplasmic reticulum Makes proteins Both MITOCHONDRIA Location in the cytoplasm, bean shaped Supplies energy or ATP for the cell through cell respiration using glucose and oxygen Both Notes to Learn Organelles: Anatomy & Physiology VACUOLE Large open storage area, smaller in animal cells Storage tank for food, water, wastes or enzymes Both CHLOROPLAST Green structures that contain chlorophyll Captures sunlight and uses it to produce food through photosynthesis Plant GOLGI BODY Small bags with tubes connecting them Packages and secrets proteins for use in and out of the cell Both LYOSOME Small, round structures, containing enzymes Digests older cell parts, food or other objects Both CENTRIOLE Small cylindrical Used with the spindle apparatus during mitosis