Advanced Pharmacology: Final Exam
(new meds) 2024-2025 Edition. All
Questions & Correct, Verified Answers.
Graded A+
Acyclovir: adverse effects - ANSnephrotoxicity
Acyclovir: brand name and class - ANS-Zovirax
-Purine Nucleoside Analougue Drugs
Acyclovir: nursing considerations - ANS-admin tablets or capsules with a full glass of
water, with or without food
-advise pt to drink at least eight 8-oz glasses of water a day
-not a cure
-decrease in flulike symptoms
-emphasize that it does not prevent the transmission of infection to another person and
does not cure
-not effective against HIV
Acyclovir: pharmacodynamics - ANS-binds to the DNA of viruses and stops replication
-they have relatively selective toxicity to viruses because viral DNA polymerases are
more sensitive than human polymerases to inhibition by these drugs
Acyclovir: pharmacotherapeutics - ANSherpes, herpes viral encephalitis, varicella,
herpes zoster (shingles)
Amphotericin B: adverse effects - ANS-Nephrotoxicity (about 40-80% receiving IV drug)
-Anemia
-electrolyte imbalance: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia
Amphotericin B: brand name and class - ANS-Fungizone (topical= nystatin
-Polyene Antifungal agents
Amphotericin B: contraindications and precautions - ANScaution in pts with preexisting
anemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia
Amphotericin B: nursing considerations - ANScheck electrolytes, BUN, and Creatinine
Amphotericin B: pharmacodynamics - ANS-binds to sterols in fungal cell membranes
and ruptures the fungus
-Humans also have sterols in their cells
, Amphotericin B: pharmacotherapeutics - ANStreat progressive and potentially fatal
systemic fungal or protozoal infections
Antibiotics general nursing considerations - ANSmonitor for:
-allergic reactions with 1st, 2nd, or 3rd dose
-C-diff, broad spectrum antibiotics kill all bacteria
-secondary fungal infections
-use for the shortest duration possible but must complete therapy
-match the "bug" with the drug
-do all cultures prior to admin
-some (vanc, gentamycin) need peaks and troughs levels to prevent renal injury
Bisacodyl: brand name and class - ANS-Ducolax
-Stimulant laxative
Bisacodyl: nursing considerations - ANS-oral or rectal
-produces watery, diarrheal stools
-highest risk for dependence (may induce loss of normal bowel function and lead to
ischemic colitis)
Bisacodyl: pharmacodynamics - ANS-1. chemical irritation (increase motility of GI tract)
-2. increase absorption of water into large and small intestine
Cefazolin: brand name and class - ANS-Ancef
-cephalosporin
Cefazolin: contraindications and precautions - ANSif allergic to PCN, HIGH RISK allergy
to cephalosporins
Cefazolin: pharmacotherapeutics/dynamics - ANS-similar to penecillins in structure and
in activity and are also considered beta-lactam antibiotics
Ciprofloxacin: adverse effects - ANS-arthropathy (joint disease)-> often irreversible,
children
-achilles tendon rupture
Ciprofloxacin: band name and class - ANS-Cipro
-Quinolones/ Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin: pharmacodynamics - ANSinhibits the relaxation (uncoiling) of DNA and
promotes breakage of bacterial DNA.
Ciprofloxacin: pharmacotherapeutics - ANS-4 generations
-used to treat UTIs, anthrax, VAP, typhoid, plague
(new meds) 2024-2025 Edition. All
Questions & Correct, Verified Answers.
Graded A+
Acyclovir: adverse effects - ANSnephrotoxicity
Acyclovir: brand name and class - ANS-Zovirax
-Purine Nucleoside Analougue Drugs
Acyclovir: nursing considerations - ANS-admin tablets or capsules with a full glass of
water, with or without food
-advise pt to drink at least eight 8-oz glasses of water a day
-not a cure
-decrease in flulike symptoms
-emphasize that it does not prevent the transmission of infection to another person and
does not cure
-not effective against HIV
Acyclovir: pharmacodynamics - ANS-binds to the DNA of viruses and stops replication
-they have relatively selective toxicity to viruses because viral DNA polymerases are
more sensitive than human polymerases to inhibition by these drugs
Acyclovir: pharmacotherapeutics - ANSherpes, herpes viral encephalitis, varicella,
herpes zoster (shingles)
Amphotericin B: adverse effects - ANS-Nephrotoxicity (about 40-80% receiving IV drug)
-Anemia
-electrolyte imbalance: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia
Amphotericin B: brand name and class - ANS-Fungizone (topical= nystatin
-Polyene Antifungal agents
Amphotericin B: contraindications and precautions - ANScaution in pts with preexisting
anemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia
Amphotericin B: nursing considerations - ANScheck electrolytes, BUN, and Creatinine
Amphotericin B: pharmacodynamics - ANS-binds to sterols in fungal cell membranes
and ruptures the fungus
-Humans also have sterols in their cells
, Amphotericin B: pharmacotherapeutics - ANStreat progressive and potentially fatal
systemic fungal or protozoal infections
Antibiotics general nursing considerations - ANSmonitor for:
-allergic reactions with 1st, 2nd, or 3rd dose
-C-diff, broad spectrum antibiotics kill all bacteria
-secondary fungal infections
-use for the shortest duration possible but must complete therapy
-match the "bug" with the drug
-do all cultures prior to admin
-some (vanc, gentamycin) need peaks and troughs levels to prevent renal injury
Bisacodyl: brand name and class - ANS-Ducolax
-Stimulant laxative
Bisacodyl: nursing considerations - ANS-oral or rectal
-produces watery, diarrheal stools
-highest risk for dependence (may induce loss of normal bowel function and lead to
ischemic colitis)
Bisacodyl: pharmacodynamics - ANS-1. chemical irritation (increase motility of GI tract)
-2. increase absorption of water into large and small intestine
Cefazolin: brand name and class - ANS-Ancef
-cephalosporin
Cefazolin: contraindications and precautions - ANSif allergic to PCN, HIGH RISK allergy
to cephalosporins
Cefazolin: pharmacotherapeutics/dynamics - ANS-similar to penecillins in structure and
in activity and are also considered beta-lactam antibiotics
Ciprofloxacin: adverse effects - ANS-arthropathy (joint disease)-> often irreversible,
children
-achilles tendon rupture
Ciprofloxacin: band name and class - ANS-Cipro
-Quinolones/ Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin: pharmacodynamics - ANSinhibits the relaxation (uncoiling) of DNA and
promotes breakage of bacterial DNA.
Ciprofloxacin: pharmacotherapeutics - ANS-4 generations
-used to treat UTIs, anthrax, VAP, typhoid, plague
