Bio 156 Final Exam Study Guide 2024-
2025 Edition. Real Questions & Correct,
Verified Answers. Graded A+
"Animalcules and beasties" - ANSAntony van Leeuwenhoek
activation energy - ANSEnergy needed to get a reaction started
Active state - ANSpart of the enzyme where catalysis occurs
active transport - ANSEnergy-requiring process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concentration difference
aerobic respiration stages - ANSglycolysis, krebs cycle, electron transport chain
alcholic fermentation occurs in - ANSBaking, wine and beer
Anabolic - ANSA process in which large molecules are built from small molecules
analogous structures - ANSBody parts that share a common function, but not structure
animal storage - ANSCarbohydrate
ATP synthase - ANSThe enzyme that make ATP from ADPand inorganic phosphate.
attachment - ANSPoints for cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix, makes movement of
certain cells possible
autosomal dominant - ANSinheritance pattern of a dominant allele on an autosome
autosomal recessive - ANSinheritance pattern of a recessive allele on an autosome
Biological Macromolecules - ANScarbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Bond that holds DNA together - ANShydrogen bonds
carbohydrate polymer - ANSstarch, cellulose, glycogen
Carbohydrates monomer - ANSglucose, fructose, galactose
Carbohydrates polysaccharide - ANSstarch, glycogen, cellulose
Carbohydrates: Disaccharides - ANSsucrose, lactose, maltose
, Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides - ANSglucose, fructose, galactose
Catabolic - ANSA process in which large molecules are broken down
Cisgenesis - ANSgenetic modification of plants with natural genes only
Codominance - ANSA condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed
complete dominance - ANSa relationship in which one allele is completely dominant
over another
Controls - ANSexperimental conditions that remain constant
covalent bond - ANSA chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons
Created the base pairing rule - ANSChargaff
creating ATP through cellular respiration - ANSglycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron
transport chain
crossing over - ANSthe exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes,
resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring.
deductive reasoning - ANSthe process of applying a general statement to specific facts
or situations
Denaturation - ANSloss of normal shape of a protein due to heat or other factor
Diffusion - ANSthe process by which molecules move from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration
DNA fingerprinting - ANSanalysis of fragments of DNA as a form of identification
DNA replication enzymes - ANShelicase, polymerase, ligase
Domains of Life - ANSBacteria, Archea, Eukarya
Dominant - ANSAn allele that is always expressed
Endergonic - ANSA chemical reaction that requires the input of energy in order to
proceed.
Enzymes - ANSIncrease rate of metabolic reactions
2025 Edition. Real Questions & Correct,
Verified Answers. Graded A+
"Animalcules and beasties" - ANSAntony van Leeuwenhoek
activation energy - ANSEnergy needed to get a reaction started
Active state - ANSpart of the enzyme where catalysis occurs
active transport - ANSEnergy-requiring process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concentration difference
aerobic respiration stages - ANSglycolysis, krebs cycle, electron transport chain
alcholic fermentation occurs in - ANSBaking, wine and beer
Anabolic - ANSA process in which large molecules are built from small molecules
analogous structures - ANSBody parts that share a common function, but not structure
animal storage - ANSCarbohydrate
ATP synthase - ANSThe enzyme that make ATP from ADPand inorganic phosphate.
attachment - ANSPoints for cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix, makes movement of
certain cells possible
autosomal dominant - ANSinheritance pattern of a dominant allele on an autosome
autosomal recessive - ANSinheritance pattern of a recessive allele on an autosome
Biological Macromolecules - ANScarbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Bond that holds DNA together - ANShydrogen bonds
carbohydrate polymer - ANSstarch, cellulose, glycogen
Carbohydrates monomer - ANSglucose, fructose, galactose
Carbohydrates polysaccharide - ANSstarch, glycogen, cellulose
Carbohydrates: Disaccharides - ANSsucrose, lactose, maltose
, Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides - ANSglucose, fructose, galactose
Catabolic - ANSA process in which large molecules are broken down
Cisgenesis - ANSgenetic modification of plants with natural genes only
Codominance - ANSA condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed
complete dominance - ANSa relationship in which one allele is completely dominant
over another
Controls - ANSexperimental conditions that remain constant
covalent bond - ANSA chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons
Created the base pairing rule - ANSChargaff
creating ATP through cellular respiration - ANSglycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron
transport chain
crossing over - ANSthe exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes,
resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring.
deductive reasoning - ANSthe process of applying a general statement to specific facts
or situations
Denaturation - ANSloss of normal shape of a protein due to heat or other factor
Diffusion - ANSthe process by which molecules move from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration
DNA fingerprinting - ANSanalysis of fragments of DNA as a form of identification
DNA replication enzymes - ANShelicase, polymerase, ligase
Domains of Life - ANSBacteria, Archea, Eukarya
Dominant - ANSAn allele that is always expressed
Endergonic - ANSA chemical reaction that requires the input of energy in order to
proceed.
Enzymes - ANSIncrease rate of metabolic reactions
