Exam 1 Flashcards
Achromatopsia - ✅✅-A loss of ability to see color due to damage to the
visual cortex
Akinetopsia - ✅✅-A loss of ability to see motion due to damage to the visual
cortex
Ames room - ✅✅-Special room built to create size/distance illusions with real
human models
Antagonistic receptive field - ✅✅ -Receptive field in which the center and
surround have opposite (excitatory, inhibitory) effects
Aqueous humor - ✅✅-Watery fluid between the lens and the cornea
Attended stimulus - ✅✅-The actual stimulus to which a perceiver is currently
attending
Baseline activity - ✅✅-Spontaneous, low-level firing of a neuron in the
absence of external stimulation
Bias -✅✅ -Strategic factors (prior probabilities, payoffs) that influence a
person's response criterion in a signal detection task
Bipolar cells - ✅✅-Cells in the retina that receive input from the
photoreceptors and send output to the ganglion cells
Camera eye - ✅✅-type of eye in which light is focused through an adjustable
lens
Cilliary body - ✅✅-Contains a ring of muscles that surround the lens and
control its shape
Compound eye - ✅✅-Type of eye in which a focused image is achieved
because light must travel down small tubes to reach the photoreceptors.
Cones - ✅✅ -One of two types of photoreceptors in the eye; functions best at
light levels, high resolution, color, most concentrated in the center of the
visual field (fovea).
Contralateral layer - ✅✅-Layer in the right or left LGN that receives its input
from the opposite-side eye
, ✅✅-Clear membrane that covers the eye
Cornea -
Cornsweet illusion - ✅✅-Opposing luminance gradients create a perceived
edge, as well as the illusion that one side is darker than the other.
Correct rejection - ✅✅
-Describes a situation in which an observer correctly
responds "no" when no stimulus is present
Criterion -✅✅ -The degree of confidence or strength of internal response
required for an observer to respond "yes" in a signal detection task
Cup eye - ✅✅ -Type of eye consisting of an open concave layer of cells. Can
sense direction of light or shadow, but cannot focus an image.
Depth cues - ✅✅ -Visual features that allow a viewer to determine the relative
distances of different points in an image
Detection -✅✅-Ability to distinguish whether a stimulus is present or not
Discrimination - ✅✅-Ability to distinguish a comparison stimulus from a
standard stimulus
Electroencephalography (EEG) - ✅✅ -Studies the aggregate activity of many
neurons by attaching electrodes to the scalp
Electromagnetic spectrum - ✅✅-Continuum of wave energy, a narrow band of
which is visible light
Emmetropic vision - ✅✅ -Refers to a situation in which the eye is capable of
focusing properly on both near and far objects
Environmental Stimulus - ✅✅ -Everything in our surroundings that we could
potentially perceive at a given time
Errors of anticipation -✅✅ -An error in threshold experiments in which the
person tends to provide a different response (present or absent) from the one
they gave on the last few trials
Errors of habituation -✅✅ -An error in threshold experiments in which the
person tends to give the same response (present or absent) as they gave on
previous trials
False alarm - ✅✅ -Describes a situation in which an observer mistakenly
responds "yes" when no stimulus is present.
Achromatopsia - ✅✅-A loss of ability to see color due to damage to the
visual cortex
Akinetopsia - ✅✅-A loss of ability to see motion due to damage to the visual
cortex
Ames room - ✅✅-Special room built to create size/distance illusions with real
human models
Antagonistic receptive field - ✅✅ -Receptive field in which the center and
surround have opposite (excitatory, inhibitory) effects
Aqueous humor - ✅✅-Watery fluid between the lens and the cornea
Attended stimulus - ✅✅-The actual stimulus to which a perceiver is currently
attending
Baseline activity - ✅✅-Spontaneous, low-level firing of a neuron in the
absence of external stimulation
Bias -✅✅ -Strategic factors (prior probabilities, payoffs) that influence a
person's response criterion in a signal detection task
Bipolar cells - ✅✅-Cells in the retina that receive input from the
photoreceptors and send output to the ganglion cells
Camera eye - ✅✅-type of eye in which light is focused through an adjustable
lens
Cilliary body - ✅✅-Contains a ring of muscles that surround the lens and
control its shape
Compound eye - ✅✅-Type of eye in which a focused image is achieved
because light must travel down small tubes to reach the photoreceptors.
Cones - ✅✅ -One of two types of photoreceptors in the eye; functions best at
light levels, high resolution, color, most concentrated in the center of the
visual field (fovea).
Contralateral layer - ✅✅-Layer in the right or left LGN that receives its input
from the opposite-side eye
, ✅✅-Clear membrane that covers the eye
Cornea -
Cornsweet illusion - ✅✅-Opposing luminance gradients create a perceived
edge, as well as the illusion that one side is darker than the other.
Correct rejection - ✅✅
-Describes a situation in which an observer correctly
responds "no" when no stimulus is present
Criterion -✅✅ -The degree of confidence or strength of internal response
required for an observer to respond "yes" in a signal detection task
Cup eye - ✅✅ -Type of eye consisting of an open concave layer of cells. Can
sense direction of light or shadow, but cannot focus an image.
Depth cues - ✅✅ -Visual features that allow a viewer to determine the relative
distances of different points in an image
Detection -✅✅-Ability to distinguish whether a stimulus is present or not
Discrimination - ✅✅-Ability to distinguish a comparison stimulus from a
standard stimulus
Electroencephalography (EEG) - ✅✅ -Studies the aggregate activity of many
neurons by attaching electrodes to the scalp
Electromagnetic spectrum - ✅✅-Continuum of wave energy, a narrow band of
which is visible light
Emmetropic vision - ✅✅ -Refers to a situation in which the eye is capable of
focusing properly on both near and far objects
Environmental Stimulus - ✅✅ -Everything in our surroundings that we could
potentially perceive at a given time
Errors of anticipation -✅✅ -An error in threshold experiments in which the
person tends to provide a different response (present or absent) from the one
they gave on the last few trials
Errors of habituation -✅✅ -An error in threshold experiments in which the
person tends to give the same response (present or absent) as they gave on
previous trials
False alarm - ✅✅ -Describes a situation in which an observer mistakenly
responds "yes" when no stimulus is present.
