Exsc 387 Midterm 1 quizzes 1-6
A weaker gene that can cause disease if a person has an unhealthy lifestyle is called a
______________________. - correct answer-polymorphism
a. Colon cancer = ______ % avoidable
b. Stroke = ______ % avoidable
c. Coronary heart disease = ______ % avoidable
d. Type 2 diabetes = ______ % avoidable - correct answer-71%, 70%, 82%, 91%
About how many grams of trans fat could be in 3 servings of food that is labeled as trans fat
free? - correct answer-1.5 g
According to a 2003 study published in JAMA, what is the approximate reduction in risk for
CVD when consuming 2 slices of whole wheat bread per day? - correct answer-20%
According to Ezra Taft Benson, what are the four basic areas that make a difference in
health? - correct answer-righteousness, food, exercise, sleep
Approximately how many grams of trans fat could a person consume and not increase their
risk of heart disease? - correct answer-0 grams
As physical activity time increases, risk of CHD decreases. What type of correlation or
relationship is this? - correct answer-Inverse/Negative
At the lowest concentration, which part of the apple was shown in research to reduce cancer
cell spreading? - correct answer-Peel only
Define "diminution." - correct answer-lessen/decrease in the size or importance of something
Define "inter alia." - correct answer-among other things
Define "moieties." - correct answer-a part or portion of a bigger whole. A society divided into
2 social groups
Define "necropsy." - correct answer-examination of a dead body; autopsy
Define "sequelae." - correct answer-an abnormal condition that results as the consequence
of a previous disease
Define co-morbidity. - correct answer-2 chronic diseases present at the same time in the
same person.
Define population attributable risk. - correct answer-The amount of disease that can be
avoided if certain risk factors are removed
, Describe the relationship between number of stairs climbed and risk of death from the
Harvard Alumni study (Paffenbarger et al., 1986). Identify the amount of reduced risk that
was seen between the stair climbing categories. - correct answer-The men who climbed 350
less stairs per week had a 15% higher risk of death than those who climbed more than 350
stairs per week.
-inverse correlation
Fitness and exercise...one is a process and one is a product. Which is which? - correct
answer-exercise = process
fitness = product
From a population perspective, what are three key health behaviors that can increase
longevity and reduce risk of disease? - correct answer-Don't smoking, get 30+ mins of
moderate exercise most days of the week, have a healthy diet
How is exercise different than physical activity? - correct answer-Exercise is a planned,
goal-oriented activity while physical activity is everyday behaviors that require energy.
Identify 4 sources of free radical exposure - correct answer-UV light, burned food, toxic
chemicals, and industrial waste
Identify 5 lifestyle related risk factors. - correct answer-poor nutrition, physical inactivity,
tobacco use, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, stress
If a person has a relative risk of 3.4 for stroke it means that person is 3.4 times more likely to
have a stroke than a person who is at even risk of 1.0. What percent increase would this be?
- correct answer-240%
In a study of Mormon high priests, three health practices are noted that reveal significantly
lower mortality ratios for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and all causes when compared to
the US white population as a whole. What are they? - correct answer-never smoking
cigarettes, engaging in regular activity, and getting proper sleep
In the article titled, "Western-style fast food intake and cardiometabolic risk in an Eastern
country" the results indicated a hazard ratio of 1.27 for diabetes and 1.56 for CHD death
when comparing higher frequency fast food intake to no fast food intake. What does this
mean in terms of percent increase for risk of diabetes and CHD death? - correct answer-It is
56% higher for CHD death and 27% higher for diabetes
Incidence and prevalence...one refers to proportion and one refers to rate. Which one is
which? - correct answer-Incidence refers to rate. Prevalence refers to proportion.
Increases in average daily calorie intake is not such a bad thing because there has also
been an increase in average daily calorie expenditure through physical activity and exercise.
- correct answer-False
Label the parts of a grain of wheat. - correct answer-1. Wheat bran
2. Wheat flour
A weaker gene that can cause disease if a person has an unhealthy lifestyle is called a
______________________. - correct answer-polymorphism
a. Colon cancer = ______ % avoidable
b. Stroke = ______ % avoidable
c. Coronary heart disease = ______ % avoidable
d. Type 2 diabetes = ______ % avoidable - correct answer-71%, 70%, 82%, 91%
About how many grams of trans fat could be in 3 servings of food that is labeled as trans fat
free? - correct answer-1.5 g
According to a 2003 study published in JAMA, what is the approximate reduction in risk for
CVD when consuming 2 slices of whole wheat bread per day? - correct answer-20%
According to Ezra Taft Benson, what are the four basic areas that make a difference in
health? - correct answer-righteousness, food, exercise, sleep
Approximately how many grams of trans fat could a person consume and not increase their
risk of heart disease? - correct answer-0 grams
As physical activity time increases, risk of CHD decreases. What type of correlation or
relationship is this? - correct answer-Inverse/Negative
At the lowest concentration, which part of the apple was shown in research to reduce cancer
cell spreading? - correct answer-Peel only
Define "diminution." - correct answer-lessen/decrease in the size or importance of something
Define "inter alia." - correct answer-among other things
Define "moieties." - correct answer-a part or portion of a bigger whole. A society divided into
2 social groups
Define "necropsy." - correct answer-examination of a dead body; autopsy
Define "sequelae." - correct answer-an abnormal condition that results as the consequence
of a previous disease
Define co-morbidity. - correct answer-2 chronic diseases present at the same time in the
same person.
Define population attributable risk. - correct answer-The amount of disease that can be
avoided if certain risk factors are removed
, Describe the relationship between number of stairs climbed and risk of death from the
Harvard Alumni study (Paffenbarger et al., 1986). Identify the amount of reduced risk that
was seen between the stair climbing categories. - correct answer-The men who climbed 350
less stairs per week had a 15% higher risk of death than those who climbed more than 350
stairs per week.
-inverse correlation
Fitness and exercise...one is a process and one is a product. Which is which? - correct
answer-exercise = process
fitness = product
From a population perspective, what are three key health behaviors that can increase
longevity and reduce risk of disease? - correct answer-Don't smoking, get 30+ mins of
moderate exercise most days of the week, have a healthy diet
How is exercise different than physical activity? - correct answer-Exercise is a planned,
goal-oriented activity while physical activity is everyday behaviors that require energy.
Identify 4 sources of free radical exposure - correct answer-UV light, burned food, toxic
chemicals, and industrial waste
Identify 5 lifestyle related risk factors. - correct answer-poor nutrition, physical inactivity,
tobacco use, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, stress
If a person has a relative risk of 3.4 for stroke it means that person is 3.4 times more likely to
have a stroke than a person who is at even risk of 1.0. What percent increase would this be?
- correct answer-240%
In a study of Mormon high priests, three health practices are noted that reveal significantly
lower mortality ratios for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and all causes when compared to
the US white population as a whole. What are they? - correct answer-never smoking
cigarettes, engaging in regular activity, and getting proper sleep
In the article titled, "Western-style fast food intake and cardiometabolic risk in an Eastern
country" the results indicated a hazard ratio of 1.27 for diabetes and 1.56 for CHD death
when comparing higher frequency fast food intake to no fast food intake. What does this
mean in terms of percent increase for risk of diabetes and CHD death? - correct answer-It is
56% higher for CHD death and 27% higher for diabetes
Incidence and prevalence...one refers to proportion and one refers to rate. Which one is
which? - correct answer-Incidence refers to rate. Prevalence refers to proportion.
Increases in average daily calorie intake is not such a bad thing because there has also
been an increase in average daily calorie expenditure through physical activity and exercise.
- correct answer-False
Label the parts of a grain of wheat. - correct answer-1. Wheat bran
2. Wheat flour
