KNS Exam 4
motor behavior - ANS-the study of how motor skills are learned, controlled and
developed across the life span
What do motor behavioralists do? - ANS-work at a college to teach, research, or be of
service OR work in hospitals, military, etc. to research with applications related to the
setting they work in
3 subdisciplines of motor behavior - ANS-motor learning, motor control, motor
development
motor learning - ANS-acquisition of skilled movements as a result of practice
motor control - ANS-the neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of movement -
essential for ALL movement
motor development - ANS-developmental view of motor learning and motor control
across a life span
motor movements beyond sports - ANS-baby using a fork, surgeons controlling a
scalpel,
measure movement - ANS-a research method for mb including reaction time, the
number of successful trials and number of attempts, and the quantification of movement
kinematics
Continuous movement - ANS-beginning and ending points that are similar and repeated
discrete movement - ANS-beginning and end points are very different and defined
open movement - ANS-constantly changing and unpredictable environment
-hitting a baseball; every pitch is different
closed movement - ANS-relatively fixed or predictable environments
-tennis serve
Retention - ANS-method of measuring learning
, degree to which aspects of skill A can be effectively performed after a period of time
with NO practice
Transfer - ANS-method of measuring learning
degree to which practice on skill A improves performance on skill B
note on transference - ANS-knowledge and skills sport are highly specific to that sport
-CANNOT transfer tennis to table tennis
-CAN transfer volleyball strike to a tennis serve (similar)
Novel task - ANS-how beginners learn new motor skills that can be mastered in a short
amount of time
practice - ANS-repetition is key
cognitive demands are high but become automatic
do mental practice before the physical practice
performance - ANS-short term
Learning - ANS-long term
Feedback - ANS-intrinsic (feedback from you) vs extrinsic ('augmented' feedback from
someone else)
central nervous system - ANS-brain uses it to initiate and control the muscles to make
desired movements
Decision-making center - ANS-movements should rely on this in the brain as little as
possible once the movement is initiated
Motor programs - ANS-specify involved muscles, select order of muscle activation,
determine contraction forces, determine the timing and sequencing of contractions, and
determine the duration of contractions
Memory mechanisms - ANS-for movements to be controlled which become more
automatic over time (CNS)
Schemata - ANS-groups of movements with similar characteristics stored
motor behavior - ANS-the study of how motor skills are learned, controlled and
developed across the life span
What do motor behavioralists do? - ANS-work at a college to teach, research, or be of
service OR work in hospitals, military, etc. to research with applications related to the
setting they work in
3 subdisciplines of motor behavior - ANS-motor learning, motor control, motor
development
motor learning - ANS-acquisition of skilled movements as a result of practice
motor control - ANS-the neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of movement -
essential for ALL movement
motor development - ANS-developmental view of motor learning and motor control
across a life span
motor movements beyond sports - ANS-baby using a fork, surgeons controlling a
scalpel,
measure movement - ANS-a research method for mb including reaction time, the
number of successful trials and number of attempts, and the quantification of movement
kinematics
Continuous movement - ANS-beginning and ending points that are similar and repeated
discrete movement - ANS-beginning and end points are very different and defined
open movement - ANS-constantly changing and unpredictable environment
-hitting a baseball; every pitch is different
closed movement - ANS-relatively fixed or predictable environments
-tennis serve
Retention - ANS-method of measuring learning
, degree to which aspects of skill A can be effectively performed after a period of time
with NO practice
Transfer - ANS-method of measuring learning
degree to which practice on skill A improves performance on skill B
note on transference - ANS-knowledge and skills sport are highly specific to that sport
-CANNOT transfer tennis to table tennis
-CAN transfer volleyball strike to a tennis serve (similar)
Novel task - ANS-how beginners learn new motor skills that can be mastered in a short
amount of time
practice - ANS-repetition is key
cognitive demands are high but become automatic
do mental practice before the physical practice
performance - ANS-short term
Learning - ANS-long term
Feedback - ANS-intrinsic (feedback from you) vs extrinsic ('augmented' feedback from
someone else)
central nervous system - ANS-brain uses it to initiate and control the muscles to make
desired movements
Decision-making center - ANS-movements should rely on this in the brain as little as
possible once the movement is initiated
Motor programs - ANS-specify involved muscles, select order of muscle activation,
determine contraction forces, determine the timing and sequencing of contractions, and
determine the duration of contractions
Memory mechanisms - ANS-for movements to be controlled which become more
automatic over time (CNS)
Schemata - ANS-groups of movements with similar characteristics stored
