CHAPTER – 14
SOURCES OF ENERGY
Energy comes in different forms and one form can be converted to another.
?
For example if we drop a plate from a height, the potential energy of the plate
is converted mostly to sound energy when it hits the ground.
If we light a candle, the process is highly exothermic so that the chemical
?
energy of the wax is converted into heat energy and light energy on burning.
A Good Source of Energy would be one
§which has high calorific value
§be easily accessible
§be easy to store and transport
§be economical
SOURCES OF ENERGY
Conventional Source of Energy Non-Conventional Source of Energy
§
Fossil Fuels §
Solar Energy
Eg. Coal & Petroleum Eg. Solar Cooker, Solar Cell Panel
§Thermal Power Plant §Energy From the Sea
§Hydro Power Plants Eg. Tidal & wave energy, O.T.
Energy
§Bio-Mass® bio gas plant
§Geothermal Energy
§Wind Energy
§Nuclear Energy.
Amont the sources of energy, some of them get exhausted (Non-Renewable)
?
While some of them do not get exhausted, therefore called as Renewable
source of energy. Examples
1. Non Renewable source of energy®
Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas
2. Renewable Source of energy®
Air, Water, Solar radiation, Geothermal
Energy, ocean waves etc.
148 X-Science
, CONVENTIONAL SOURCE OF ENERGY
1. Fossil Fuels : Fuels developed from the fossils. Eg. Coal & Petroleum.
? Formed over million of years ago have only limited reserves
? These are non-renewable source of energy
? India has about 6% share in the world reserved coal, that may last 250 years
more at the present rate of consumption.
Disadvantages of Burning Fossil Fuels
? released oxides of Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulphur (acidic in nature) cause Air
pollution & Acid rain & green-house effect.
Bulb
Dynamo
Pressure
Cooker
Tennis Ball
Heat fitted with metal plate
(Fossil Fuel)
A Model of Thermo Electric Production.
This is our Turbine for generating electricity. Actually the steam/fluid impart
?
energy to rotor of turbine which can move shaft of the generator to produce
electricity. A very large amount of fossil fuels are burnt in Thermal Power
Plant to heat up water to produce steam.
Hydropower Plants Convert the Potential energy of falling water into
?
Electricity since there are few water-falls which could be used a source of
potential energy, hence this is the reason, a large number of DAMS are built
all over the world.
Around 25% of our country’s energy requirement is met by Hydro Power
?
Plants
149 X-Science
SOURCES OF ENERGY
Energy comes in different forms and one form can be converted to another.
?
For example if we drop a plate from a height, the potential energy of the plate
is converted mostly to sound energy when it hits the ground.
If we light a candle, the process is highly exothermic so that the chemical
?
energy of the wax is converted into heat energy and light energy on burning.
A Good Source of Energy would be one
§which has high calorific value
§be easily accessible
§be easy to store and transport
§be economical
SOURCES OF ENERGY
Conventional Source of Energy Non-Conventional Source of Energy
§
Fossil Fuels §
Solar Energy
Eg. Coal & Petroleum Eg. Solar Cooker, Solar Cell Panel
§Thermal Power Plant §Energy From the Sea
§Hydro Power Plants Eg. Tidal & wave energy, O.T.
Energy
§Bio-Mass® bio gas plant
§Geothermal Energy
§Wind Energy
§Nuclear Energy.
Amont the sources of energy, some of them get exhausted (Non-Renewable)
?
While some of them do not get exhausted, therefore called as Renewable
source of energy. Examples
1. Non Renewable source of energy®
Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas
2. Renewable Source of energy®
Air, Water, Solar radiation, Geothermal
Energy, ocean waves etc.
148 X-Science
, CONVENTIONAL SOURCE OF ENERGY
1. Fossil Fuels : Fuels developed from the fossils. Eg. Coal & Petroleum.
? Formed over million of years ago have only limited reserves
? These are non-renewable source of energy
? India has about 6% share in the world reserved coal, that may last 250 years
more at the present rate of consumption.
Disadvantages of Burning Fossil Fuels
? released oxides of Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulphur (acidic in nature) cause Air
pollution & Acid rain & green-house effect.
Bulb
Dynamo
Pressure
Cooker
Tennis Ball
Heat fitted with metal plate
(Fossil Fuel)
A Model of Thermo Electric Production.
This is our Turbine for generating electricity. Actually the steam/fluid impart
?
energy to rotor of turbine which can move shaft of the generator to produce
electricity. A very large amount of fossil fuels are burnt in Thermal Power
Plant to heat up water to produce steam.
Hydropower Plants Convert the Potential energy of falling water into
?
Electricity since there are few water-falls which could be used a source of
potential energy, hence this is the reason, a large number of DAMS are built
all over the world.
Around 25% of our country’s energy requirement is met by Hydro Power
?
Plants
149 X-Science
